浙江农业科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 67 ›› Issue (5): 1301-1307.DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20260129

• 资源与环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

生物质灰对植烟土壤和烤烟的影响

王平松1(), 李洪仙1, 李绍兴2, 吴朝慧1, 袁清婷1, 朱玲1, 雷仲茂1, 陈朝江1, 万祖轩1, 蔡翼杨1()   

  1. 1.黔东南州烟草公司,贵州 凯里 556000
    2.西南大学 农学与生物科技学院,重庆 400700
  • 收稿日期:2026-03-02 出版日期:2026-05-11 发布日期:2026-05-12
  • 通讯作者: 蔡翼杨
  • 作者简介:蔡翼杨,E-mail:170156175@qq.com
    王平松,主要从事烟草栽培研究。E-mail:2414873805@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    贵州省烟草公司成果转化项目(2023MX40)

Effects of biomass ash on tobacco-planting soil and flue-cured tobacco

WANG Pingsong1(), LI Hongxian1, LI Shaoxing2, WU Chaohui1, YUAN Qingting1, ZHU Ling1, LEI Zhongmao1, CHEN Chaojiang1, WAN Zuxuan1, CAI Yiyang1()   

  1. 1.Qiandongnan Tobacco Company,Kaili 556000,Guizhou
    2.College of Agronomy and Biotechnology,Southwest University,Chongqing 400700
  • Received:2026-03-02 Online:2026-05-11 Published:2026-05-12
  • Contact: CAI Yiyang

摘要:

为探究施用生物质灰对植烟土壤理化性质和烤烟产量和品质的影响,本研究在常规施肥基础上,设置5个生物质灰施用水平:1 500(T1)、3 000(T2)、4 500(T3)、6 000(T4)、7 500 kg·hm-2(T5),以不施生物质灰为对照(CK),系统分析了生物质灰对烤烟农艺性状、经济性状、烟叶产质量和植烟土壤理化性质的影响。结果表明:施用生物质灰可以改善成熟期烤烟农艺性状,增加烤烟叶宽、最大叶面积,进而提升烤烟产量与产值。生物质灰施用改善了烤烟的常规化学成分,提高了中部叶的总糖、还原糖、钾含量及钾氯比,降低了氯含量,其中T3和T4处理表现最佳,还原糖含量分别提高7.32%和7.43%,钾含量分别提高13.73%和15.03%;上部叶还原糖、钾含量及钾氯比亦有所提高,烟碱和氮含量降低,中高用量处理(T2~T5)的糖碱比显著(p<0.05)提高。植烟土壤质量随生物质灰的施入得到有效提升,基于全集数据,采用主成分分析法计算了成熟期植烟土壤质量指数,发现T3处理的改良效果最佳,是较好的土壤改良与培肥措施。综上所述,在烟草种植过程中,施用4 500~6 000 kg·hm-2生物质灰可有效提升烤烟产量与产值,改善植烟土壤,对烟叶产量及品质提升具有积极作用。

关键词: 生物质灰, 植烟土壤, 烤烟, 土壤质量, 烟叶品质

Abstract:

To investigate the effects of biomass ash application on the physicochemical properties of tobacco-planting soil and the yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco,a field experiment was conducted with five application levels of biomass ash:1 500(T1),3 000(T2),4 500(T3),6 000(T4),and 7 500 kg·hm-2(T5),with no biomass ash application as the control(CK). The study systematically analyzed the effects of biomass ash on the agronomic traits,economic traits,leaf yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco,and the physicochemical properties of planting soil. The results showed that applying biomass ash improved the agronomic traits of flue-cured tobacco at the mature stage,increased leaf width and maximum leaf area,thereby enhancing tobacco yield and output value. The application of biomass ash optimized the conventional chemical components of flue-cured tobacco. It increased the total sugar,reducing sugar,and potassium contents,as well as the potassium-to-chlorine ratio in middle leaves,while decreasing the chlorine content. Among the treatments,T3 and T4 performed the best,with reducing sugar content increased by 7.32% and 7.43%,and potassium content increased by 13.73% and 15.03%,respectively. For upper leaves,the contents of reducing sugar and potassium,along with the potassium-to-chlorine ratio,were also improved,while nicotine and nitrogen contents decreased. The sugar-to-nicotine ratio in treatments with medium to high biomass ash application rates(T2-T5)was significantly(p<0.05)increased. The quality of the tobacco-planting soil was effectively enhanced with the application of biomass ash. Based on the complete dataset,principal component analysis was used to calculate the soil quality index at the mature stage,revealing that the T3 treatment had the best improvement effect and could serve as an effective measure for soil improvement and fertility enhancement. In conclusion,during the tobacco planting process,the application of 4 500?6 000 kg·hm-2 biomass ash can effectively increase the yield and output value of flue-cured tobacco,improve the planting soil,and play a positive role in enhancing tobacco leaf yield and quality.

Key words: biomass ash, tobacco-planting soil, flue-cured tobacco, soil quality, tobacco leaf quality

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