浙江农业科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 67 ›› Issue (6): 1366-1370.DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20260252

• 杨梅产业高质量发展 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同生草类型对山地杨梅园土壤性状和果实特性的影响

张佳佳()   

  1. 温州市农业农村局,浙江 温州 325000
  • 收稿日期:2026-04-03 出版日期:2026-06-11 发布日期:2026-06-12
  • 作者简介:张佳佳,主要研究方向为土肥技术推广和耕地质量管理。E-mail:724165539@qq.com

Effects of different grass types on soil properties and fruit quality in a mountain Myrica rubra orchard

ZHANG Jiajia()   

  1. Wenzhou Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau,Wenzhou 325000,Zhejiang
  • Received:2026-04-03 Online:2026-06-11 Published:2026-06-12

摘要:

本研究以浙江温州文成县高山杨梅园为研究对象,设置鼠茅草、黑麦草、光叶苕子、紫云英4种生草处理和1个清耕对照处理,探究了不同生草类型对山地杨梅园土壤性状和果实特性的影响。结果显示,生草栽培可有效改善土壤环境与果实品质,不同草种的栽培效果存在差异。各生草处理均能提高土壤容重、pH值及速效养分含量,整体优于对照。其中,鼠茅草、黑麦草和光叶苕子能维持适宜的土壤容重范围;鼠茅草和光叶苕子能够显著(p<0.05)提高土壤有机质含量;光叶苕子在提高土壤碱解氮含量上的效果最优;黑麦草在提升有效磷含量上的效果最佳;鼠茅草和光叶苕子可显著提高速效钾含量。在果实品质上,相比对照,各生草处理对总酸含量和果形指数无显著影响,但均可显著促进果实膨大和增加单果重。其中,鼠茅草在提升果实横径与单果重方面的效果最佳;紫云英能够显著提高果实纵径;光叶苕子处理下的杨梅果实可溶性固形物含量、糖度及固酸比最高,风味最优。综合杨梅园土壤状况、养分需求及生产投入,光叶苕子能够提高土壤的供氮、供钾能力,增加土壤有机质含量并改善果实品质,可作为山地杨梅园的优选生草品种。

关键词: 山地杨梅园, 生草栽培, 土壤性状, 果实品质

Abstract:

This study focused on a mountain Myrica rubra orchard in Wencheng County,Wenzhou,Zhejiang Province,and established four grass treatments(Vulpia myurosLolium perenne L.,Vicia villosa var. glabrescensAstragalus sinicus L.)along with a clean tillage control treatment to investigate the effects of different grass types on soil properties and fruit quality in a mountain Myrica rubra orchard.The results showed that the soil environment and fruit quality effectively improved with grass cultivation,and there were differences in cultivation effects among different grass types. Grass cultivation could increase soil bulk density,pH value and available nutrients contents,which were better than clean tillage. Among them,Vulpia myurosLolium perenne L.,Vicia villosa var. glabrescens could maintain soil bulk density with the suitable range;Vulpia myuros and Vicia villosa var. glabrescens could significantly(p<0.05)improve soil organic matter content;Vicia villosa var. glabrescens exhibited optimal efficacy in enhancing soil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content;Lolium perenne L. exhibited optimal efficacy in improving available phosphorus content;Vulpia myuros and Vicia villosa var. glabrescens could significantly increase available potassium content. In terms of fruit quality,grass types had no significant effect on total acid content and fruit shape index compared with the control,but could significantly promote fruit expansion and increase single fruit weight. Vulpia myuros demonstrated optimal efficacy in increasing fruit transverse diameter and single fruit weight;Astragalus sinicus L. could significantly increase fruit longitudinal diameter;Vicia villosa var. glabrescens treatment resulted in the highest soluble solids content,sugar content and solid-acid ratio,and the best flavor. Overall,Vicia villosa var. glabrescens was the superior species by considering the soil conditions,nutrient requirements and production input in a mountain Myrica rubra orchard,which could improve soil nitrogen and potassium supply capacity of soil,increase soil organic matter content and improve fruit quality.

Key words: mountain Myrica rubra orchard, grass cultivation, soil properties, fruit quality

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