浙江农业科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 67 ›› Issue (10): 2514-2520.DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250655

• 资源与环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同秸秆还田方式对稻油轮作土壤理化性质及作物产量的影响

饶聪1(), 李赛慧1, 王会来1, 刘银秀2()   

  1. 1.丽水市莲都区土肥能源发展中心,浙江 丽水 323000
    2.浙江省耕地质量与肥料管理总站,浙江 杭州 310020
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-09 出版日期:2026-10-11 发布日期:2026-10-19
  • 通讯作者: 刘银秀
  • 作者简介:刘银秀,E-mail:13958030270@163.com。
    饶聪,主要从事农村土肥、能源等研究工作。E-mail:261124566@qq.com。
  • 基金资助:
    浙江省“三农九方”科技协作计划项目(2024SNJF079);浙江省“三农九方”科技协作计划项目(2026SNJF094);浙江省科技计划项目(2025C02267)

Effects of different straw return methods on soil physicochemical properties and crop yields in a rice-oilseed rape rotation system

RAO Cong1(), LI Saihui1, WANG Huilai1, LIU Yinxiu2()   

  1. 1.Soil Fertilizer and Rural Energy Development Center of Liandu District,Lishui 323000,Zhejiang
    2.Cultivated Land Quality and Fertilizer Management Station of Zhejiang Province,Hangzhou 310020,Zhejiang
  • Received:2025-09-09 Online:2026-10-11 Published:2026-10-19
  • Contact: LIU Yinxiu

摘要:

秸秆还田已成为秸秆资源化利用的重要途径,但其全量还田对土壤理化性质的影响还需进一步探究。本试验以水稻-油菜轮作系统为研究对象,设置水稻离田-油菜还田、水稻还田-油菜还田、水稻还田-油菜离田3种秸秆还田方式,以秸秆全部离田为对照,追踪一年内不同秸秆还田处理下秸秆腐解率、养分释放率,土壤pH值、养分含量、团聚体分布及作物产量的变化。结果表明,油菜秸秆还田显著(p<0.05)降低了水稻秸秆的腐解率(降幅10.43百分点)及碳、氮养分释放率(分别降低6.69和12.87百分点),而对磷、钾养分释放率无显著影响。此外,秸秆还田处理可显著提高土壤中速效钾含量,增强土壤团聚体的稳定性。

关键词: 水稻, 油菜, 秸秆还田, 土壤理化性质, 产量

Abstract:

Straw return has become an important approach for straw resource utilization;however,the effects of full straw incorporation on soil physicochemical properties still require further investigation. This experiment was conducted in a rice-oilseed rape rotation system,with three straw return treatments(rice removed-oilseed rape returned,rice returned-oilseed rape returned,and rice returned-oilseed rape removed)and a control with all straw removed. Over a one-year period,we tracked the decomposition rates and nutrient release rates of straw,as well as changes in soil pH value,nutrient contents,aggregate distribution,and crop yields under different straw return treatments. The results showed that oilseed rape straw return significantly(p<0.05)reduced the decomposition rate of rice straw(by 10.43 percentage points)and the release rates of carbon and nitrogen(by 6.69 and 12.87 percentage points,respectively),but had no significant effect on the release rates of phosphorus and potassium. Furthermore,straw return treatments significantly increased soil available potassium content and enhanced soil aggregate stability.

Key words: rice, oilseed-rape, straw return, soil physicochemical property, crop yield

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