Structural and adsorption properties of different biochar derived from agricultural and forestry wastes

doi:10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240971

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to explore the properties of four kinds of biochar materials (RSBC, MSBC, WSBC and SDBC), derived from rice straw, maize straw, walnut shell and branch sawdust, respectively, their chemical composition, morphology, aperture structure and functional groups were analyzed. The adsorption capacity of different biochar was also investigated with heavy metal Cu²⁺ as the study object. The results showed that the carbon content of different biochar was within the range of 42.04%-81.07%, all of which contained abundant oxygen-containing functional groups and chemically stable C-H and aromatic rings. The morphology of biochar was different, and the specific surface area was SDBC>WSBC>MSBC>RSBC. Four kinds of biochar exhibited different adsorption capacities for Cu²⁺, and the adsorption rates of WSBC and SDBC were related to the concentration of Cu²⁺, while the adsorption processes of Cu²⁺ on RSBC and MSBC were mainly controlled by chemical action, and the adsorption capacity was ranked as RSBC>MSBC>WSBC>SDBC. The adsorption mechanisms of Cu²⁺ on different biochar were related to their surface negative charges, oxygen-containing functional groups, specific surface area and inorganic mineral components, among which the abundant oxygen-containing functional groups on RSBC surface was the important key for its best adsorption performance.

Key words: biochar, chemical composition, surface property, Cu²⁺ adsorption

CLC Number:

TQ424

YING Hong, LUO Yan, JIN Shuquan, ZHOU Jinbo, WANG Minghu. Structural and adsorption properties of different biochar derived from agricultural and forestry wastes[J]. Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 66(8): 2039-2046.

Figures/Tables 10

References 29

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生物质炭	产率/ %	灰分/ %	pH值	元素含量/%				原子比
生物质炭	产率/ %	灰分/ %	pH值	N	C	H	O	H/C	O/C	(O+N)/C
RSBC	35.18	24.68	9.94±0.01	1.20±0.01	54.51±0.07	3.29±0.03	8.69±0.14	0.72	0.12	0.14
MSBC	36.42	39.04	9.00±0.01	0.56±0.07	42.04±0.08	1.62±0.05	8.71±0.17	0.46±0.01	0.16	0.17
WSBC	40.35	2.67	10.03±0.02	0.40±0.02	81.07±0.24	2.39±0.04	10.40±0.26	0.35±0.01	0.10	0.10
SDBC	37.08	1.95	8.99±0.06	0.47±0.02	77.20±0.17	3.07±0.03	11.48±0.10	0.48±0.01	0.11	0.12

生物质炭	产率/ %	灰分/ %	pH值	元素含量/%				原子比
生物质炭	产率/ %	灰分/ %	pH值	N	C	H	O	H/C	O/C	(O+N)/C
RSBC	35.18	24.68	9.94±0.01	1.20±0.01	54.51±0.07	3.29±0.03	8.69±0.14	0.72	0.12	0.14
MSBC	36.42	39.04	9.00±0.01	0.56±0.07	42.04±0.08	1.62±0.05	8.71±0.17	0.46±0.01	0.16	0.17
WSBC	40.35	2.67	10.03±0.02	0.40±0.02	81.07±0.24	2.39±0.04	10.40±0.26	0.35±0.01	0.10	0.10
SDBC	37.08	1.95	8.99±0.06	0.47±0.02	77.20±0.17	3.07±0.03	11.48±0.10	0.48±0.01	0.11	0.12

生物质炭	比表面积/ (m²·g^-1)	微孔比表面积/ (m²·g^-1)	外比表面积/ (m²·g^-1)	孔容/ (cm³·g^-1)	平均孔径/ nm
RSBC	50.19	25.96	24.23	0.072	5.76
MSBC	90.15	50.20	39.95	0.088	3.91
WSBC	372.04	311.36	60.68	0.183	1.97
SDBC	374.85	326.21	48.64	0.174	1.86

生物质炭	比表面积/ (m²·g^-1)	微孔比表面积/ (m²·g^-1)	外比表面积/ (m²·g^-1)	孔容/ (cm³·g^-1)	平均孔径/ nm
RSBC	50.19	25.96	24.23	0.072	5.76
MSBC	90.15	50.20	39.95	0.088	3.91
WSBC	372.04	311.36	60.68	0.183	1.97
SDBC	374.85	326.21	48.64	0.174	1.86

生物质炭	一级动力学方程			二级动力学方程
生物质炭	q_e/(mg·g^-1)	K₁/(g·mg^-1·h^-1)	R²	q_e/(mg·g^-1)	K₂/(g·mg^-1·h^-1)	R²
RSBC	21.128	2.370	0.992	21.734	0.323	0.998
MSBC	15.451	2.442	0.992	15.874	0.470	0.998
WSBC	11.833	1.310	0.965	11.160	—	0.899
SDBC	8.568	0.854	0.963	7.676	—	0.805