Abstract:

To enhance the production efficiency of fresh soybean, research on key technologies for full-process mechanized production was conducted. Field experiments were carried out to investigate soybean varieties suitable for mechanical harvesting, harvester models, and technologies such as agricultural UAVs (unmanned aerial vehicles) for aerial seeding and plant protection. The results showed that Zhenong 6, Zhexian 9, and Gaoxiong 9 were more suitable for mechanized production. Among harvester models, the Wanke Baotian 4LDZ-48 and Yizhuo 4TD-16 fresh soybean harvesters exhibited better comprehensive performance, with Yizhuo 4TD-16 demonstrating more significant advantages in cost reduction and efficiency improvement. Among three sowing methods, manual sowing showed optimal comprehensive indicators; however, considering labor costs and sowing speed, aerial seeding was more ideal. Full-process mechanized production saved approximately 16 365 yuan·hm^-2 in labor costs, demonstrating significant economic benefits and time savings, which is highly advantageous for optimizing farming schedules.

Key words: fresh soybean, mechanization, key technologies, aerial seeding, aerial plant protection