1950—2020年我国南方土壤酸化的演变特征及治理技术研究进展

doi:10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240775

浙江农业科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 67 ›› Issue (1): 231-242.DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240775

1950—2020年我国南方土壤酸化的演变特征及治理技术研究进展

倪金洋¹^,²(), 王峰², 俞巧钢², 周俊³, 孙万春², 马式太¹^,², 吕勇杰⁴, 马军伟¹^,²^,^*()

1.浙江农林大学环境与资源学院,浙江杭州 311300
2.浙江省农业科学院环境资源与土壤肥料研究所,浙江杭州 310021
3.中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所,四川成都 610044
4.缙云县农业农村局,浙江缙云 321400

收稿日期:2024-09-29 出版日期:2026-01-11 发布日期:2026-01-19
通讯作者: 马军伟
作者简介:马军伟,E-mail:majw111@126.com。
倪金洋,研究方向为植物营养与土壤肥料研究。E-mail:1357970294@qq.com。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD1902900);浙江省重点研发计划(2023C02020);浙江省重点研发计划(2023C02015);国家玉米产业技术体系项目(CARS-02-25);国家自然科学基金(32302678);浙江省基础公益研究计划(LGN22C150022);四川省科技计划项目(2024YFHZ0178)

Evolution characteristics and improvement technology research progress of soil acidification in southern China from 1950 to 2020

NI Jinyang¹^,²(), WANG Feng², YU Qiaogang², ZHOU Jun³, SUN Wanchun², MA Shitai¹^,², LYU Yongjie⁴, MA Junwei¹^,²^,^*()

1. College of Environment and Resources, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, Zhejiang
2. Institute of Environment, Resource, Soil and Fertilizer, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang
3. Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610044, Sichuan
4. Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau of Jinyun County, Lishui 321400, Zhejiang

Received:2024-09-29 Online:2026-01-11 Published:2026-01-19
Contact: MA Junwei

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

自20世纪50年代以来,我国南方酸性土壤面积明显增加,对土壤肥力、作物生长发育及产量品质、粮食安全、农业经济和生态环境造成的不利影响日益严重。南方一带雨水量大且集中,由此引发的土地侵蚀与养分流失严重,导致土壤碱性成分钙、镁、钾等元素大量淋失。南方一带工业生产所造成的酸雨与农业活动中不恰当的耕种手段等多重因素叠加,加剧了南方耕地土壤酸化。本文从时代发展角度和区域差异角度详细描述了我国南方在不同历史时期土壤酸化发生的特点及其关键影响因素,概述了针对土壤酸化的阻控技术和相关领域研究进展,并对未来土壤酸化领域的研究趋势进行了预测,旨在为深入探究土壤酸化的形成机制、优化预测模型,进而推广有效的土壤酸化治理方法,有效遏制并扭转土壤酸化态势提供支持。

关键词: 土壤酸化, 演变特征, 驱动因素, 酸化改良技术

Abstract:

Since the 1950s, the area of acidic soils in southern China has significantly increased, leading to increasingly severe adverse effects on soil fertility, crop growth, yield and quality, food security, agricultural economy, and the ecological environment. In southern China, heavy and concentrated rainfall leads to severe land erosion and nutrient leaching, resulting in significant loss of alkaline soil components such as calcium, magnesium, and potassium. The combined effects of acid rain caused by industrial production and improper farming practices in agricultural activities further exacerbate soil acidification in southern China. This paper provided a detailed analysis of the characteristics of soil acidification in southern China across different historical periods, from the perspectives of temporal development and regional differences. It summarized the control and mitigation technologies for soil acidification, along with advancements in related research fields, and forecasted future research trends in soil acidification. The aim is to support in-depth exploration of the formation mechanisms of soil acidification, optimization of predictive models, and the promotion of effective soil acidification management methods, thereby effectively curbing and reversing the trend of soil acidification.

Key words: soil acidification, evolution characteristic, driving factors, acidification remediation technology

中图分类号:

S156

倪金洋, 王峰, 俞巧钢, 周俊, 孙万春, 马式太, 吕勇杰, 马军伟. 1950—2020年我国南方土壤酸化的演变特征及治理技术研究进展[J]. 浙江农业科学, 2026, 67(1): 231-242.

NI Jinyang, WANG Feng, YU Qiaogang, ZHOU Jun, SUN Wanchun, MA Shitai, LYU Yongjie, MA Junwei. Evolution characteristics and improvement technology research progress of soil acidification in southern China from 1950 to 2020[J]. Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences, 2026, 67(1): 231-242.

图/表 2

图1 模拟酸雨对农田和森林生态系统土壤pH值的影响括号内数值代表效应区间。若效应区间不与0重叠,则表明显著(p<0.05)增加(>0)或显著减少(<0)。横坐标表示pH值下降数值。图2同。

Fig.1 Effect of simulated acid rain on the pH value of soil in farmland and forest ecosystems

图2 不同初始pH值条件下不同氮添加水平对土壤pH值的影响

Fig.2 Effect of different nitrogen addition levels on pH value of soil under different initial pH values

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1950—2020年我国南方土壤酸化的演变特征及治理技术研究进展

Evolution characteristics and improvement technology research progress of soil acidification in southern China from 1950 to 2020

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