浙江农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 66 ›› Issue (10): 2368-2371.DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250292

• 果树与蔬菜 • 上一篇    下一篇

化肥减量对花椰菜生长和土壤性质的影响

范可地1(), 王学锋2, 麻理亚2, 胡泽凡2, 叶雪珠3, 叶挺云2,*(), 陈德3   

  1. 1.瑞安市马屿镇农业农村工作办公室,浙江 瑞安 325208
    2.瑞安市农业农村局,浙江 瑞安 325200
    3.浙江省农业科学院 农产品质量安全与营养研究所,浙江 杭州 310021
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-17 出版日期:2025-10-11 发布日期:2025-10-21
  • 通讯作者: 叶挺云(1975—),男,浙江温州人,高级农艺师,本科,主要从事土壤肥力及受污染耕地安全利用工作,E-mail:715040949@qq.com
  • 作者简介:范可地(1975—),男,浙江瑞安人,助理农艺师,本科,主要从事农业技术推广工作,E-mail:fkd_2237@qq.com

Effects of reduced chemical fertilization on the cauliflower growth and soil properties

FAN Kedi1(), WANG Xuefeng2, MA Liya2, HU Zefan2, YE Xuezhu3, YE Tingyun2,*(), CHEN De3   

  1. 1. Agricultural and Rural Affairs Office of Mayu Town, Ruian 325208, Zhejiang
    2. Ruian Municipal Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Ruian 325200, Zhejiang
    3. Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang
  • Received:2025-04-17 Online:2025-10-11 Published:2025-10-21

摘要: 在条台田上开展西瓜-花椰菜轮作是改良滨海盐土的有效措施,但存在化肥过量施用问题。本研究基于瑞安市滨海盐土区条台田花椰菜种植,对比常规施肥与3种化肥减量处理对花椰菜产量、养分吸收及土壤性质的影响。结果表明:氮、磷、钾化肥减施20%未显著降低花椰菜产量及氮、磷、钾含量;各施肥处理间土壤pH值和主要养分含量无显著差异,但施用缓释肥的处理显著(P<0.05)提高土壤有机质含量并降低全盐含量和电导率。滨海盐土区花椰菜种植可较常规施肥减少20%化肥用量而不影响产量和养分吸收,缓释肥应用兼具提质降盐潜力,为区域化肥减量增效提供依据。

关键词: 花椰菜, 滨海盐土, 化肥减量, 缓释肥, 土壤改良

Abstract:

Cultivating watermelon-cauliflower on ridge fields is an effective measure for improving coastal saline soils, yet excessive fertilizer application remains an issue. This study, based on cauliflower cultivation in ridge fields within the coastal saline soil area of Ruian City, compared the effects of conventional fertilization with three reduced chemical fertilization treatments on cauliflower yield, nutrient uptake, and soil properties. The results indicated that a 20% reduction in nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers did not significantly decrease cauliflower yield or the content of N, P, and K. While no significant differences in soil pH value or major nutrient content were observed among fertilization treatments. The treatment with significantly (P<0.05) increased soil organic matter content while reducing total salt content and electric conductivity. In coastal saline soil areas, cauliflower cultivation can achieve a 20% reduction in fertilizer usage compared with slow-release fertilzer conventional fertilization without compromising yield or nutrient absorption. The application of slow-release fertilizers also shows potential for improving soil quality and reducing salinity, providing a basis for regional fertilizer reduction and efficiency enhancement.

Key words: cauliflower, coastal saline soil, fertilizer reduction, slow-release fertilizer, soil improvement

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