关键词: 菜用大豆, 浙鲜9号, 豆荚, 茎叶, 养分积累

Abstract:

To elucidate the nutrient uptake and accumulation characteristics of the vegetable soybean cultivar Zhexian 9 in Cixi City and determine its optimal fertilization ratio，thereby providing a theoretical basis for precision balanced fertilization of vegetable soybeans，this study conducted field trials to measure the nutrient content in pods，stems，and leaves，and analyzed the plant's nutrient uptake ratios，the recommended balanced fertilization rates，and the fertilizer utilization efficiency. The results showed that the average values of N，K，S，Mg，Fe，Ca，B，P，Mo，Mn，and Cu in the dry matter of pods were 38.9 g·kg^-1，24.9 g·kg^-1，3.35 g·kg^-1，4.75 g·kg^-1，151.27 mg·kg^-1，9.30 g·kg^-1，42.45 mg·kg^-1，5.1 g·kg^-1，4.42 mg·kg^-1，55.74 mg·kg^-1，and 12.66 mg·kg^-1，respectively. The average values of N，K，S，Mg，Fe，Ca，B，P，Mo，Mn，and Cu in the dry matter of stems and leaves were 17.3 g·kg^-1，19.9 g·kg^-1，2.02 g·kg^-1，5.39 g·kg^-1，230.39 mg·kg^-1，22.49 g·kg^-1，31.00 mg·kg^-1，3.7 g·kg^-1，0.94 mg·kg^-1，111.42 mg·kg^-1，and 15.14 mg·kg^-1，respectively. When the target yield is 12 367 kg·hm^-2 and the application rates of N，P₂O₅，K₂O，Ca，Mg，S，Fe，Mn，B，Cu，Mo reach 173.91，58.20，153.11，94.00，28.90，15.64，1.10，0.489，0.221 kg·hm^-2 and 79.2，17.67 g·hm^-2，the balance of 11 nutrients can be maintained. The average ratio of absorption of N，P₂O₅，and K₂O is 19.86∶7.00∶18.82. The average ratios of Ca，Mg，S，Fe，Mn，B，Cu，and Mo are 100.00∶32.56∶17.50∶1.23∶0.53∶0.24∶0.089∶0.018. The utilization rates of N，P₂O₅，and K₂O fertilizers were 12.73%，-5.85%，and 3.93%，respectively. The agronomic efficiencies of N，P₂O₅，and K₂O fertilizers were 11.70，-5.44，3.63 kg·kg^-1，respectively. The relatively stable proportional relationships among the 11 elements identified in this experiment provide a scientific basis for developing precision fertilization schemes tailored to different cultivar types of edible soybeans and varying target yields.

Key words: vegetable soybean, Zhexian 9, pods, stems and leaves, nutrient accumulation