生物质炭法固定溴氰菊酯降解菌的技术应用

doi:10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250060

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对土壤中存在的溴氰菊酯污染,以红叶石楠产生的生物质炭为固定材料,将溴氰菊酯降解菌黑曲霉菌制备成固定化菌剂,对其制备条件进行优化,并在此基础上,对固定化菌剂的稳定性及降解溴氰菊酯的效果进行评估。结果表明,当生物质炭浓度为20 mg·mL^-1、黑曲霉菌接种量为5%、固定化温度为30 ℃、固定化时间为24 h时,获得的固定化菌剂的降解率高达90.12%,且固定化菌剂在4 ℃和25 ℃条件下存放28 d后,降解率仍可保持在77.46%和69.72%,说明固定化菌剂的降解效果具有良好的稳定性为土壤中溴氰菊酯的降解提供了良好的生物修复材料。

关键词: 生物质炭, 溴氰菊酯, 黑曲霉菌, 固定化

Abstract:

In view of the deltamethrin contamination in soil, the biocarbon produced by Photinia fraseri was used as the fixed material to prepare the immobilized deltamethrin-degrading bactericide from bacteria Aspergillus niger, and the preparation conditions were optimized. On this basis, the stability of the immobilized bactericide and the effect of degrading deltamethrin were evaluated. The results showed that when the concentration of biochar was 20 mg·mL^-1, the inoculation amount of Aspergillus niger was 5%, the immobilization temperature was 30 ℃, and the immobilization time was 24 h, the degradation rate of deltamethrin by the immobilized bactericide was as high as 90.12%, and after the immobilized bactericide was stored at 4 ℃ and 25 ℃ for 28 days, the degradation rates could still be maintained at 77.46% and 69.72%. The results showed that the immobilized bactericide had good stability in degradation of deltamethrin,which provided a good bioremediation material for solving the degradation of deltamethrin in soil.

Key words: biochar, deltamethrin, Aspergillus niger, immobilization

中图分类号:

S482

蒋红英, 张镇武, 邢承华. 生物质炭法固定溴氰菊酯降解菌的技术应用[J]. 浙江农业科学, 2025, 66(10): 2493-2497.

JIANG Hongying, ZHANG Zhenwu, XING Chenghua. Application of biochar-based immobilization of deltamethrin-degrading bacteria[J]. Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 66(10): 2493-2497.

图/表 7

表1 生物质炭固定化菌剂制备条件优化

Table 1 Optimization of preparation conditions of biochar-based immobilized bactericide

因素	水平
生物质炭浓度/(mg·mL^-1)	5	10	20	30	40
黑曲霉菌接种量/%(V/V)	1	3	5	10	20
固定化时间/h	12	24	36	48	72
固定化温度/℃	15	20	25	30	35

图1 不同生物质炭浓度对溴氰菊酯降解率的影响柱上无相同小写字母表示组间差异显著(P<0.05)。图2~4、6~7同。

Fig.1 Effect of different biochar concentrations on degradation rate of deltamethrin

图2 不同黑曲霉菌接种量对溴氰菊酯降解率的影响

Fig.2 Effect of different inoculation amounts of Aspergillus niger on degradation rate of deltamethrin

图3 不同固定化温度对溴氰菊酯降解率的影响

Fig.3 Effect of different immobilization temperatures on degradation rate of deltamethrin

图4 不同固定化时间对溴氰菊酯降解率的影响

Fig.4 Effect of different immobilization time on degradation rate of deltamethrin

图5 4 ℃下固定化菌剂贮存时间对溴氰菊酯降解率的影响

Fig.5 Effect of storage time of immobilized bactericide on degradation rate of deltamethrin at 4 ℃

图6 25 ℃下固定化菌剂贮存时间对溴氰菊酯降解率的影响

Fig.6 Effect of storage time of immobilized bactericide on deltamethrin degradation rate at 25 ℃

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