浙江农业科学

浙江农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 66 ›› Issue (6): 1437-1441.DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240850

• 植保技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

9种常用杀菌剂对茭白孕茭的影响研究

陈丽萍1(), 陈淑婷1, 徐笔奇1, 李怡鹏2, 苍涛1, 柳采秀1, 张昌朋1, 王祥云1,*()   

  1. 1.农产品质量安全全国重点实验室 农业农村部农药残留检测重点实验室浙江省农业科学院农产品质量安全与营养研究所,浙江 杭州 310021
    2.浙江省特色水生蔬菜育种与栽培重点实验室 金华市农业科学研究院,浙江 金华 321000
  • 收稿日期:2024-11-06 出版日期:2025-06-11 发布日期:2025-06-23
  • 通讯作者: 王祥云(1983—),男,浙江金华人,博士,从事农产品质量安全研究,E-mail: wangxiangyun2@sina.com。
  • 作者简介:陈丽萍(1979—),女,浙江武义人,硕士,研究方向为农药应用评价,E-mail: lpchen@zaas.ac.cn。
  • 基金资助:
    浙江省“一品一策”重大专项—特色农产品质量安全风险管控(ZJNY2019001-04)

Study on the effect of 9 fungicides on the pregnancy of Zizania latifolia

CHEN Liping1(), CHEN Shuting1, XU Biqi1, LI Yipeng2, CANG Tao1, LIU Caixiu1, ZHANG Changpeng1, WANG Xiangyun1,*()   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang
    2. Provincial Key Laboratory of Characteristic Aquatic Vegetable Breeding and Cultivation, Jinhua Academy of Agricultural Science, Jinhua 321000, Zhejiang
  • Received:2024-11-06 Online:2025-06-11 Published:2025-06-23

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摘要：

茭白是我国重要的水生蔬菜,但其登记药剂较少,存在较为普遍的超范围用药现象,且杀菌剂的不当使用易导致茭白孕茭率下降等药害问题。本研究选取了9种常用杀菌剂进行田间和室内实验,以评估其对茭白孕茭的影响。田间实验结果显示,茭白孕茭期不宜使用嘧菌酯、三唑酮、粉唑醇和戊唑醇,连续施用3次后其孕茭率仅为39.44%、27.76%、21.64%和10.37%;茭白孕茭前30 d仍不宜使用戊唑醇和嘧菌酯,施用1次后其孕茭率仅为30.77%和11.70%。室内实验结果则表明,9种杀菌剂对菰黑粉菌单倍体菌株MT3生长抑制的有效抑制中浓度(EC50)为0.017 5~8.470 6 mg·L-1,其中戊唑醇最低。然而,9种杀菌剂的EC50排序与田间表现并不一致,意味着田间杀菌剂对茭白孕茭的影响应是实际作用于菰黑粉菌的杀菌剂剂量和可能的代谢产物等因素综合作用的结果。

关键词: 杀菌剂, 茭白, 菰黑粉菌, 孕茭

Abstract:

Zizania latifolia is an important aquatic vegetable in China. However, there are few registered pesticides for it, leading to a common issue of off-label pesticide use. The inappropriate use of fungicides can easily result in reduced pregnancy rates and other phytotoxicities in Z. latifolia. This study selected nine commonly used fungicides for field and laboratory experiments to evaluate their impact on Z. latifolia pregnancy. The field experiment results showed that Z. latifolia pregnancy stage is not suitable for the use of azoxystrobin, triadimefon, flutriafol, and tebuconazole. After three consecutive applications, the pregnancy rates were only 39.44%, 27.76%, 21.64%, and 10.37%, respectively. It is also not advisable to use tebuconazole and azoxystrobin 30 days before the pregnancy stage of Z. latifolia, as the pregnancy rates were only 30.77% and 11.70%, respectively after a single application. The laboratory experiment results indicated that the EC50 values of the nine fungicides for inhibiting the growth of the Ustilago esculenta haploid strain MT3 ranged from 0.017 5 mg·L-1 to 8.470 6 mg·L-1, with tebuconazole having the lowest EC50 value. However, the EC50 value ranking of the nine fungicides did not align with their field performance, suggesting that the impact of fungicides on Z. latifolia pregnancy in the field is a comprehensive result of the actual dosage acting on the U. esculenta and possible metabolic products.

Key words: fungicides, Zizania latifolia, Ustilago esculenta, pregnancy

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