浙江农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 66 ›› Issue (8): 1809-1818.DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250338

• 水产科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

三角帆蚌白色选育系2种外壳颜色的幼蚌群体形态性状对质量性状的影响

程霄玲1(), 赵伟华2, 朱明星3, 张根芳4, 罗雨4,*()   

  1. 1.金华市水产技术推广站,浙江 金华 321017
    2.金华市贝海拾珠生态农业开发有限公司,浙江 金华 321102
    3.金华市农业科学研究院,浙江 金华 321000
    4.金华职业技术大学,浙江 金华 321017
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-06 出版日期:2025-08-11 发布日期:2025-09-04
  • 通讯作者: 罗雨
  • 作者简介:罗雨(1986—),男,教授,研究方向为珍珠蚌种质创新和遗传育种,E-mail:luoyu@jhc.cn
    程霄玲(1981—),女,河南南乐人,高级工程师,研究方向为水产动物遗传育种与生态养殖推广,E-mail:ch.xiaoling@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    现代农业产业技术体系专项资金(CARS-49)

Effect of morphological traits on weight traits of juvenile populations with two different shell colors in the white breeding line of Hyriopsis cumingii

CHENG Xiaoling1(), ZHAO Weihua2, ZHU Mingxing3, ZHANG Genfang4, LUO Yu4,*()   

  1. 1. Jinhua Aquatic Products Technology Promotion Station, Jinhua 321017, Zhejiang
    2. Jinhua Beihaishizhu Ecological Agriculture Development Co., Ltd., Jinhua 321102, Zhejiang
    3. Jinhua Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinhua 321000, Zhejiang
    4. Jinhua University of Vocational Technology, Jinhua 321017, Zhejiang
  • Received:2025-05-06 Online:2025-08-11 Published:2025-09-04
  • Contact: LUO Yu

摘要:

三角帆蚌可培育珍珠可食用壳亦可制成珠核,是我国淡水珍珠最重要的育珠贝类。为探究三角帆蚌白色选育系不同外壳颜色的幼蚌群体形态性状对质量性状的影响,优化种蚌选育策略和不同选育场景的应用,随机选取青壳白、黄壳白幼蚌各171只,测量壳长、全高、壳高、壳宽4个形态性状,以及活体质量、壳质量和软体质量3个质量性状,进行协方差分析、相关性分析、通径分析、逐步多元回归分析。结果显示,2种外壳颜色的幼蚌群体形态性状存在一定差异,各性状间均极显著相关(P<0.01),且其质量性状变异系数均高于形态性状变异系数。以质量性状为因变量的通径分析发现,青壳白群体,壳宽对活体质量、壳质量直接作用最大,壳长对软体质量直接作用最大;黄壳白群体,对各个质量性状直接作用最大的均为全高。决定系数分析表明,2种外壳颜色的幼蚌群体形态性状对质量性状的决定系数与通径分析结果一致,利用逐步多元回归构建了2种外壳颜色的幼蚌群体最优回归方程,回归估计值与实际值差异不显著,预示着各最优回归方程可应用于实际选育工作。本研究结果表明,2种外壳颜色的幼蚌群体形态性状存在差异,影响活体质量、壳质量、软体质量的核心形态性状不同;在三角帆蚌选育过程中,需要区分外壳颜色表型也要结合特定选育场景,才能使选育工作科学合理。

关键词: 三角帆蚌, 外壳颜色, 形态性状, 质量性状, 通径分析

Abstract:

Hyriopsis cumingii can be used for pearl cultivation, its soft body is edible and its shell can also be made into pearl nuclei. It is the most important pearl cultivating shellfish for freshwater pearls in China. To investigate the effects of morphological traits on weight traits of juvenile populations with two different shell colors in the white breeding lines of H.cumingii and to optimize the breeding strategies for mussels, and its application in different breeding scenarios, a total of 171 individuals each from the green-shelled white and yellow-shelled white lines were randomly selected. Four morphological traits (shell length, total height, shell height, and shell width) as well as three weight traits (live weight, shell weight, and soft body weight) were measured, and subsequently processed by covariance analysis, correlation analysis, path analysis, and stepwise multiple regression analysis. The results showed that there were certain differences in the morphological traits of juvenile populations with two different shell colors, and the traits were extremely significantly correlated (P<0.01), and the coefficient of variation of their weight traits was higher than that of morphological traits. The path analysis using weight traits as the dependent variable revealed that for the green-shelled white line, shell width has the greatest direct effect on both live weight and shell weight, while shell length has the greatest direct effect on soft body weight. For the yellow-shelled white line, total height has the greatest direct effect on all weight traits. The results of determination coefficient of the morphological traits on weight traits of juvenile populations with two different shell colors were consistent with the results of path analysis. The estimated values of the optimal regression equations of juvenile populations with two different shell colors constructed by stepwise multiple regression were not significantly different from the actual values, indicating that the optimal regression equations can be applied in practical breeding work. In conclusion, there are differences in the morphological traits of juvenile populations with two different shell colors of H. cumingii, and the core morphological traits affecting the live weight, shell weight and soft body weight are different. During the breeding process of H. cumingii, it is necessary to distinguish the shell color phenotypes and combine specific breeding scenarios to make the breeding work scienjpgic and reasonable.

Key words: Hyriopsis cumingii, shell color, morphological trait, weight trait, path analysis

中图分类号: