浙江农业科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 67 ›› Issue (2): 298-303.DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240533

• 粮食作物 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同施肥策略对水稻产量和氮肥利用效率的影响

郑婷1,2(), 陈豪2, 任宇2, 张宇红2, 陆智文3, 吴皓3, 陆长婴1,4, 董林林1,4()   

  1. 1.国家土壤质量相城观测实验站,江苏 苏州 215155
    2.江苏省太仓市农业技术推广中心,江苏 太仓 215400
    3.江苏省太仓市城厢镇经济发展和农村工作办公室,江苏 太仓 215400
    4.苏州市农业科学院,江苏 苏州 215105
  • 收稿日期:2024-07-03 出版日期:2026-02-28 发布日期:2026-03-07
  • 通讯作者: 董林林,E-mail:jinjindoudou2005@163.com
  • 作者简介:郑婷,主要从事农业技术与推广工作。E-mail:30004924@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    苏州市碳达峰碳中和科技计划项目(ST202228);江苏省碳达峰碳中和科技创新专项(BE2022308);苏州市科技计划项目(SNG2022071)

Effects of different fertilization strategies on rice yield and nitrogen use efficiency

ZHENG Ting1,2(), CHEN Hao2, REN Yu2, ZHANG Yuhong2, LU Zhiwen3, WU Hao3, LU Changying1,4, DONG Linlin1,4()   

  1. 1.National Agricultural Experimental Station for Soil Quality,Suzhou 215155,Jiangsu
    2.Taicang Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Jiangsu Province,Taicang 215400,Jiangsu
    3.Economic Development and Rural Work Office of Chengxiang Town,Taicang City,Jiangsu Province,Taicang 215400,Jiangsu
    4.Suzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Suzhou 215105,Jiangsu
  • Received:2024-07-03 Online:2026-02-28 Published:2026-03-07

摘要:

肥料是水稻稳产高产的重要保障之一。为探究不同施肥策略对水稻产量和氮肥利用效率的影响,本研究开展了大田试验,设置了4个处理:缓混肥一次性基施(H)、缓混肥基施并于穗期追施含硅穗肥(HG)、水稻配方肥基施并分次追施尿素和抗倒穗肥(PK),以及水稻配方肥基施并分次追施尿素作分蘖肥和穗肥(PN),系统测定了不同施肥策略下水稻产量、氮肥偏生产力等指标。结果表明:H处理的氮肥偏生产力(44.45 kg·kg-1)显著(p<0.05)高于其他处理;在产量方面,H处理(10.00 t·hm-2)仅次于PN处理(10.54 t·hm-2),二者均显著高于HG(8.99 t·hm-2)和PK处理(8.32 t·hm-2)。综上,缓混肥一次性基施在稳定水稻产量的同时,能显著提高氮肥利用效率,具有较好的应用前景。

关键词: 施肥策略, 水稻, 产量, 收获指数, 氮肥偏生产力

Abstract:

Fertilizer application is crucial for achieving stable and high yields in rice. To investigate the effects of different fertilization strategies on rice yield and nitrogen use efficiency,a field experiment was conducted in this study. Four treatments were established:one-time basal application of slow-release blended fertilizer (H),basal application of slow-release blended fertilizer combined with silicon-containing panicle fertilizer at the booting stage (HG),basal application of rice formula fertilizer with split topdressing of urea and lodging-resistant panicle fertilizer (PK),and basal application of rice formula fertilizer with split topdressing of urea as both tillering and panicle fertilizers (PN). Indicators such as rice yield and partial factor productivity of nitrogen fertilizer under different fertilization strategies were systematically measured. The results showed that the partial factor productivity of nitrogen fertilizer of treatment H (44.45 kg·kg-1) was significantly (p<0.05) higher than that of the other treatments. In terms of yield,treatment H (10.00 t·hm-2) was second only to treatment PN (10.54 t·hm-2),and both were significantly higher than treatments HG (8.99 t·hm-2) and PK (8.32 t·hm-2). In conclusion,the one-time basal application of slow-release blended fertilizer not only maintains stable rice yield but also significantly improves nitrogen use efficiency,demonstrating promising application potential.

Key words: fertilization strategy, rice, yield, harvest index, partial factor productivity of nitrogen

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