
浙江农业科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 67 ›› Issue (5): 1162-1168.DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250664
孙鹂1(
), 王剑2, 张淑文1, 戚烨通3, 丁旭锋4, 夏小欢4, 杨晗3(
)
收稿日期:2025-09-12
出版日期:2026-05-11
发布日期:2026-05-12
通讯作者:
杨晗
作者简介:杨晗,E-mail:yanghan@xhlab.ac.cn。基金资助:
SUN Li1(
), WANG Jian2, ZHANG Shuwen1, QI Yetong3, DING Xufeng4, XIA Xiaohuan4, YANG Han3(
)
Received:2025-09-12
Online:2026-05-11
Published:2026-05-12
Contact:
YANG Han
摘要:
本文以水晶种和深红种成年杨梅树为试材,设置不同激光光谱(660 nm红光和450 nm蓝光),红蓝光质比分别为9∶0、9∶3、0∶9进行补光,以不补光为对照,测定不同处理下2个品种的果实品质与营养成分指标。结果表明,红光处理显著(p<0.05)提高了2个品种果实的可溶性固形物、总花色苷和氨基酸含量,显著降低了转色期深红种果实苹果酸含量。红蓝混合光处理(光强比9∶3)显著提高了深红种总黄酮和总酚含量,但对水晶种影响不显著。综上,激光补光可有效改善杨梅果实品质,是值得研究推广的杨梅品质提升技术,但不同光质存在品种依赖性,实际生产中需合理精准调控光质比例进行补光。
中图分类号:
孙鹂, 王剑, 张淑文, 戚烨通, 丁旭锋, 夏小欢, 杨晗. 设施栽培条件下农用激光补光对杨梅果实品质的影响[J]. 浙江农业科学, 2026, 67(5): 1162-1168.
SUN Li, WANG Jian, ZHANG Shuwen, QI Yetong, DING Xufeng, XIA Xiaohuan, YANG Han. Effect of agricultural laser supplementary lighting on the fruit quality of Chinese bayberry in facility cultivation[J]. Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences, 2026, 67(5): 1162-1168.
图1 不同光质农用激光用于杨梅的辐照图A,红光和蓝光光质比为9∶0;B,红光和蓝光光质比为9∶3;C,红光和蓝光光质比为0∶9。
Fig.1 Radiation patterns of agricultural lasers with different light qualities for Chinese bayberry
| 品种 | 处理 | 单果重/g | 果实纵径/mm | 果实横径/mm | 果实硬度/(kg·cm-2) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 水晶种 | CK | 18.43±1.89 a | 31.19±1.71 a | 33.07±1.43 a | 1.75±0.46 a |
| 红光 | 18.14±2.10 a | 29.74±1.29 a | 31.49±1.14 a | 1.41±0.26 ab | |
| 红蓝混合光 | 18.17±2.05 a | 30.64±1.22 a | 32.48±1.45 a | 1.22±0.38 b | |
| 蓝光 | 19.63±1.63 a | 31.12±0.93 a | 32.73±1.31 a | 0.96±0.14 b | |
| 深红种 | CK | 17.21±1.30 b | 30.81±0.77 a | 31.22±0.85 ab | 1.20±0.25 a |
| 红光 | 17.10±0.80 b | 30.16±1.02 a | 30.92±1.01 b | 1.06±0.23 a | |
| 红蓝混合光 | 17.78±1.38 ab | 31.17±0.93 a | 31.73±0.80 ab | 1.05±0.21 a | |
| 蓝光 | 19.25±2.52 a | 31.62±1.38 a | 32.51±1.62 a | 0.93±0.13 a |
表1 不同光质补光处理下水晶种和深红种的果实外观品质
Table 1 Appearance quality of Shuijing and Shenhong fruits under supplementary lighting with different light qualities
| 品种 | 处理 | 单果重/g | 果实纵径/mm | 果实横径/mm | 果实硬度/(kg·cm-2) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 水晶种 | CK | 18.43±1.89 a | 31.19±1.71 a | 33.07±1.43 a | 1.75±0.46 a |
| 红光 | 18.14±2.10 a | 29.74±1.29 a | 31.49±1.14 a | 1.41±0.26 ab | |
| 红蓝混合光 | 18.17±2.05 a | 30.64±1.22 a | 32.48±1.45 a | 1.22±0.38 b | |
| 蓝光 | 19.63±1.63 a | 31.12±0.93 a | 32.73±1.31 a | 0.96±0.14 b | |
| 深红种 | CK | 17.21±1.30 b | 30.81±0.77 a | 31.22±0.85 ab | 1.20±0.25 a |
| 红光 | 17.10±0.80 b | 30.16±1.02 a | 30.92±1.01 b | 1.06±0.23 a | |
| 红蓝混合光 | 17.78±1.38 ab | 31.17±0.93 a | 31.73±0.80 ab | 1.05±0.21 a | |
| 蓝光 | 19.25±2.52 a | 31.62±1.38 a | 32.51±1.62 a | 0.93±0.13 a |
图2 不同光质补光处理下水晶种和深红种果实的可溶性固形物含量柱上无相同小写字母表示组间差异显著(p<0.05)。
Fig.2 Total soluble solids content of Shuijing and Shenhong fruits under supplementary lighting with different light qualities
测定 时间 | 品种 | 处理 | 总糖含量 | 总酸含量 | 葡萄糖含量 | 果糖含量 | 蔗糖含量 | 苹果酸含量 | 柠檬酸含量 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 转色期 | 水晶种 | CK | 18.12±1.52 d | 61.64±1.42 b | 2.06±0.23 b | 1.96±0.12 c | 5.29±0.74 c | 2.67±0.25 b | 62.08±5.64 a |
| 红光 | 37.88±1.85 b | 58.42±6.66 c | 4.22±0.51 ab | 4.17±0.61 b | 12.41±2.33 b | 1.47±0.10 c | 53.12±3.12 b | ||
| 红蓝混合光 | 62.71±5.52 a | 69.01±0.95 a | 5.10±1.78 a | 6.25±0.51 a | 22.17±2.06 a | 3.19±0.64 a | 47.33±2.89 c | ||
| 蓝光 | 23.98±2.11 c | 58.96±4.86 c | 2.38±0.34 b | 2.25±0.36 c | 6.63±0.66 c | 2.95±0.53 b | 57.12±3.18 ab | ||
| 深红种 | CK | 41.81±0.59 b | 59.90±2.75 ab | 4.73±0.85 a | 4.56±0.87 a | 15.82±3.23 b | 1.77±0.17 b | 59.44±4.67 ab | |
| 红光 | 54.99±6.59 a | 52.93±1.34 b | 5.11±1.46 a | 5.06±0.67 a | 18.20±1.66 a | 0.63±0.17 c | 53.50±2.80 c | ||
| 红蓝混合光 | 42.10±1.04 b | 64.32±3.88 a | 4.24±0.08 a | 4.94±0.13 a | 15.15±0.58 b | 2.74±0.46 a | 63.60±2.64 a | ||
| 蓝光 | 40.42±2.95 b | 62.45±3.54 a | 4.31±1.19 a | 4.21±0.94 a | 15.21±1.02 b | 1.55±0.35 b | 58.45±1.97 b | ||
| 成熟期 | 水晶种 | CK | 164.91±16.86 c | 11.71±0.20 b | 17.33±3.02 b | 7.79±0.95 b | 30.03±3.38 c | 0.33±0.01 d | 14.74±0.62 b |
| 红光 | 241.43±8.63 ab | 11.63±0.15 b | 16.15±1.08 b | 14.98±1.03 a | 57.68±3.70 a | 1.03±0.05 b | 13.96±0.57 c | ||
| 红蓝混合光 | 257.70±15.70 a | 12.41±0.29 a | 21.89±2.85 a | 14.82±0.59 a | 48.80±3.66 b | 0.79±0.03 c | 15.92±0.67 a | ||
| 蓝光 | 200.04±15.01 b | 11.93±0.13 b | 14.74±0.85 b | 13.41±0.87 a | 58.64±3.81 a | 1.37±0.07 a | 14.74±1.04 b | ||
| 深红种 | CK | 217.03±8.56 b | 10.26±0.31 b | 12.79±0.34 b | 11.34±0.39 b | 61.68±2.81 a | 0.61±0.03 a | 13.94±0.44 b | |
| 红光 | 235.09±9.91 a | 9.89±0.41 c | 15.65±1.42 a | 13.15±0.97 a | 63.90±3.57 a | 0.23±0.02 c | 13.56±0.89 b | ||
| 红蓝混合光 | 186.82±15.54 c | 8.58±0.65 c | 13.14±0.73 b | 12.01±0.44 ab | 59.44±1.82 a | 0.18±0.01 d | 10.00±0.55 c | ||
| 蓝光 | 169.06±24.04 c | 14.15±0.39 a | 12.26±0.64 b | 10.45±0.60 c | 59.68±2.57 a | 0.54±0.01 b | 18.10±0.47 a |
表2 不同光质补光处理下不同时期水晶种和深红种果实的糖酸含量 (mg·g-1)
Table 2 Sugar and acid content of Shuijing and Shenhong fruits at different growth stages under supplementary lighting with different light qualities
测定 时间 | 品种 | 处理 | 总糖含量 | 总酸含量 | 葡萄糖含量 | 果糖含量 | 蔗糖含量 | 苹果酸含量 | 柠檬酸含量 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 转色期 | 水晶种 | CK | 18.12±1.52 d | 61.64±1.42 b | 2.06±0.23 b | 1.96±0.12 c | 5.29±0.74 c | 2.67±0.25 b | 62.08±5.64 a |
| 红光 | 37.88±1.85 b | 58.42±6.66 c | 4.22±0.51 ab | 4.17±0.61 b | 12.41±2.33 b | 1.47±0.10 c | 53.12±3.12 b | ||
| 红蓝混合光 | 62.71±5.52 a | 69.01±0.95 a | 5.10±1.78 a | 6.25±0.51 a | 22.17±2.06 a | 3.19±0.64 a | 47.33±2.89 c | ||
| 蓝光 | 23.98±2.11 c | 58.96±4.86 c | 2.38±0.34 b | 2.25±0.36 c | 6.63±0.66 c | 2.95±0.53 b | 57.12±3.18 ab | ||
| 深红种 | CK | 41.81±0.59 b | 59.90±2.75 ab | 4.73±0.85 a | 4.56±0.87 a | 15.82±3.23 b | 1.77±0.17 b | 59.44±4.67 ab | |
| 红光 | 54.99±6.59 a | 52.93±1.34 b | 5.11±1.46 a | 5.06±0.67 a | 18.20±1.66 a | 0.63±0.17 c | 53.50±2.80 c | ||
| 红蓝混合光 | 42.10±1.04 b | 64.32±3.88 a | 4.24±0.08 a | 4.94±0.13 a | 15.15±0.58 b | 2.74±0.46 a | 63.60±2.64 a | ||
| 蓝光 | 40.42±2.95 b | 62.45±3.54 a | 4.31±1.19 a | 4.21±0.94 a | 15.21±1.02 b | 1.55±0.35 b | 58.45±1.97 b | ||
| 成熟期 | 水晶种 | CK | 164.91±16.86 c | 11.71±0.20 b | 17.33±3.02 b | 7.79±0.95 b | 30.03±3.38 c | 0.33±0.01 d | 14.74±0.62 b |
| 红光 | 241.43±8.63 ab | 11.63±0.15 b | 16.15±1.08 b | 14.98±1.03 a | 57.68±3.70 a | 1.03±0.05 b | 13.96±0.57 c | ||
| 红蓝混合光 | 257.70±15.70 a | 12.41±0.29 a | 21.89±2.85 a | 14.82±0.59 a | 48.80±3.66 b | 0.79±0.03 c | 15.92±0.67 a | ||
| 蓝光 | 200.04±15.01 b | 11.93±0.13 b | 14.74±0.85 b | 13.41±0.87 a | 58.64±3.81 a | 1.37±0.07 a | 14.74±1.04 b | ||
| 深红种 | CK | 217.03±8.56 b | 10.26±0.31 b | 12.79±0.34 b | 11.34±0.39 b | 61.68±2.81 a | 0.61±0.03 a | 13.94±0.44 b | |
| 红光 | 235.09±9.91 a | 9.89±0.41 c | 15.65±1.42 a | 13.15±0.97 a | 63.90±3.57 a | 0.23±0.02 c | 13.56±0.89 b | ||
| 红蓝混合光 | 186.82±15.54 c | 8.58±0.65 c | 13.14±0.73 b | 12.01±0.44 ab | 59.44±1.82 a | 0.18±0.01 d | 10.00±0.55 c | ||
| 蓝光 | 169.06±24.04 c | 14.15±0.39 a | 12.26±0.64 b | 10.45±0.60 c | 59.68±2.57 a | 0.54±0.01 b | 18.10±0.47 a |
| 品种 | 处理 | 总黄酮含量/(mg·g-1) | 总花色苷含量/(μg·g-1) | 氨基酸含量/(μmol·g-1) | 总酚含量/(mg·g-1) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 水晶种 | CK | 1.14±0.05 a | 2.83±0.30 b | 5.32±0.30 b | 0.64±0.09 a |
| 红光 | 1.27±0.17 a | 13.46±3.06 a | 8.87±0.39 a | 0.72±0.10 a | |
| 红蓝混合光 | 1.19±0.05 a | 5.66±2.27 b | 9.95±0.33 a | 0.69±0.15 a | |
| 蓝光 | 1.15±0.02 a | 4.69±1.33 b | 3.75±0.79 c | 0.76±0.13 a | |
| 深红种 | CK | 1.76±0.01 b | 46.99±2.92 b | 10.44±0.30 b | 0.99±0.17 b |
| 红光 | 1.52±0.10 b | 104.89±7.85 a | 14.54±1.84 a | 1.20±0.05 b | |
| 红蓝混合光 | 2.23±0.11 a | 45.51±2.03 b | 8.88±0.68 b | 1.67±0.06 a | |
| 蓝光 | 1.60±0.08 b | 40.01±10.81 b | 15.79±0.74 a | 1.17±0.08 b |
表3 不同光质补光处理下成熟期水晶种和深红种的果实营养成分含量
Table3 Nutritional components of Shuijing and Shenhong fruits at mature stage under supplementary lighting with different light qualities
| 品种 | 处理 | 总黄酮含量/(mg·g-1) | 总花色苷含量/(μg·g-1) | 氨基酸含量/(μmol·g-1) | 总酚含量/(mg·g-1) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 水晶种 | CK | 1.14±0.05 a | 2.83±0.30 b | 5.32±0.30 b | 0.64±0.09 a |
| 红光 | 1.27±0.17 a | 13.46±3.06 a | 8.87±0.39 a | 0.72±0.10 a | |
| 红蓝混合光 | 1.19±0.05 a | 5.66±2.27 b | 9.95±0.33 a | 0.69±0.15 a | |
| 蓝光 | 1.15±0.02 a | 4.69±1.33 b | 3.75±0.79 c | 0.76±0.13 a | |
| 深红种 | CK | 1.76±0.01 b | 46.99±2.92 b | 10.44±0.30 b | 0.99±0.17 b |
| 红光 | 1.52±0.10 b | 104.89±7.85 a | 14.54±1.84 a | 1.20±0.05 b | |
| 红蓝混合光 | 2.23±0.11 a | 45.51±2.03 b | 8.88±0.68 b | 1.67±0.06 a | |
| 蓝光 | 1.60±0.08 b | 40.01±10.81 b | 15.79±0.74 a | 1.17±0.08 b |
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