浙江农业科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 67 ›› Issue (5): 1275-1280.DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250839

• 植保技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

微生物菌剂对不同小西瓜品种生长及枯萎病生防效果的影响

张丽娜1(), 梅燚1, 郑佳秋1, 冯汝超1, 刘哲1, 沈峰1, 王薇薇1, 吴永成1, 祖艳侠1, 尤春2()   

  1. 1.江苏沿海地区农业科学研究所,江苏 盐城 224002
    2.盐城市蔬菜研究所,江苏 盐城 224002
  • 收稿日期:2025-11-13 出版日期:2026-05-11 发布日期:2026-05-12
  • 通讯作者: 尤春
  • 作者简介:尤春,E-mail:38724322@qq.com
    张丽娜,主要从事植物病害生物防治研究。E-mail:923345530@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家西甜瓜产业技术体系项目(CARS-25);盐城市科技计划项目(YCBK2024051)

Effects of microbial agent on growth and biocontrol efficacy against Fusarium wilt in different small watermelon varieties

ZHANG Lina1(), MEI Yi1, ZHENG Jiaqiu1, FENG Ruchao1, LIU Zhe1, SHEN Feng1, WANG Weiwei1, WU Yongcheng1, ZU Yanxia1, YOU Chun2()   

  1. 1.Jiangsu Coastal Area Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Yancheng 224002,Jiangsu
    2.Yancheng Vegetable Research Institute,Yancheng 224002,Jiangsu
  • Received:2025-11-13 Online:2026-05-11 Published:2026-05-12
  • Contact: YOU Chun

摘要:

微生物菌剂能够有效抑制病原微生物繁殖、减轻作物病害、提高作物产量和品质,但其对同一作物不同品种的效果可能存在差异。本研究以贝莱斯芽孢杆菌BR11发酵液为微生物菌剂,研究同一种微生物菌剂对京彩1号、京彩4号、京美1K、京美2K、京美3K这5种小西瓜品种生长和枯萎病发病率的影响。结果表明,微生物菌剂能够显著(p<0.05)促进西瓜苗期、抽蔓开花期、坐果期、采收期的主蔓长和茎粗生长,且对5种西瓜品种都有促进效果;施用微生物菌剂后,各小西瓜品种的叶绿素含量均较CK显著提升;微生物菌剂对上述5个小西瓜品种的枯萎病防效显著,防病率在38.78%~61.12%;微生物菌剂施用对各小西瓜品种的单果重、中心糖含量、边缘糖含量、每667 m2产量均有提升效果,增产率在13.72%~26.15%。综上所述,供试微生物菌剂对多种小西瓜品种都有显著的促生、防病、增产和品质提升效果。

关键词: 西瓜, 微生物菌剂, 西瓜枯萎病, 生物防治

Abstract:

Microbial agents can effectively inhibit the propagation of pathogenic microorganisms,reduce crop diseases,improve crop yield and quality. However,their effects may vary among different varieties of the same crop. Therefore,the fermentation broth of Bacillus velezensis BR11 was used as a microbial agent in this study to investigate its effects on the growth and Fusarium wilt incidence of five small watermelon varieties,namely Jingcai 1,Jingcai 4,Jingmei 1K,Jingmei 2K,and Jingmei 3K. The results showed that the microbial agent significantly (p<0.05) promoted the main vine length and stem diameter growth of small watermelons at the seedling stage,vine-growing and flowering stage,fruit setting stage,and harvesting stage,with promoting effects observed across all five watermelon varieties. After application of the microbial agent,the chlorophyll content of each small watermelon varietie was significantly increased compared with the CK. The microbial agent exhibited significant biocontrol efficacy against Fusarium wilt in the five small watermelon varieties,with disease control rates of 38.78%?61.12%,respectively. The application of microbial agent significantly increased the single fruit weight,central sugar content,marginal sugar content,and yield per 667 m2 for each small watermelon variety,with yield increase rates of 13.72%?26.15%. In conclusion,the tested microbial agent exhibits significant effects on growth promotion,disease control,yield increase,and quality improvement across small watermelon varieties.

Key words: watermelon, microbial agent, Fusarium wilt of watermelon, biological control

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