不同处理对连作障碍土壤真菌群落结构的影响

doi:10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20213191

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

连作障碍引起种植作物产量及品质下降,严重制约着当前农业的可持续发展。本文采用ITS扩增子测序研究厌氧还原、覆膜增温、熏蒸剂和消毒剂4种处理对连作土壤中真菌群落多样性及结构的影响,同时也探究了对病原菌的影响。结果显示,覆膜增温显著增加真菌群落的多样性,棉隆熏蒸剂使其丰富度指数显著性降低。在门水平上,主要优势菌门有Ascomycota、Chytridiomycota和Mortierellomycota,覆膜增温与消毒剂处理分别显著降低和增加Ascomycota的相对丰度;在属水平上,共检测出378种菌属,覆膜处理后优势菌属Chaetomium的相对丰度显著性降低。共检测出4种致病菌Fusarium、Alternaria、Verticillium和Botrytis,其中厌氧还原组T1对Top 1菌属Fusarium抑制效果最强,抑制率为88.47%。研究结果为连作障碍土壤的治理和防护技术的研究奠定了理论基础。

关键词: 连作障碍, ITS测序, 土壤真菌, 群落多样性, 致病菌

中图分类号:

S154

骆玉琴, 许佳彬, 李艳杰, 徐明飞, 徐玲英, 于国光, 李辉, 李慧杰, 张志恒. 不同处理对连作障碍土壤真菌群落结构的影响[J]. 浙江农业科学, 2022, 63(5): 1068-1073.

图/表 5

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处理	OTUs	测序深度指数	多样性指数		丰富度指数
处理	OTUs	测序深度指数	Shannon	Simpson	Ace	Chao1
CK	318	0.997 8	4.16	0.876	390	390
T1	266	0.997 9	3.52	0.775	344	338
T2	341	0.998 1	4.49	0.903	387	379
T3	325	0.998 3	4.27	0.880	366	374
T4	232	0.998 3	2.76	0.615	292	300
T5	365	0.999 1	5.06	0.932	375	373
T6	338	0.997 7	3.78	0.814	413	419
T7	289	0.998 6	4.17	0.864	333	339
T8	152	0.999 9	4.51	0.888	154	154
T9	326	0.998 4	4.33	0.888	360	359
T10	304	0.997 9	3.69	0.820	385	380

处理	OTUs	测序深度指数	多样性指数		丰富度指数
处理	OTUs	测序深度指数	Shannon	Simpson	Ace	Chao1
CK	318	0.997 8	4.16	0.876	390	390
T1	266	0.997 9	3.52	0.775	344	338
T2	341	0.998 1	4.49	0.903	387	379
T3	325	0.998 3	4.27	0.880	366	374
T4	232	0.998 3	2.76	0.615	292	300
T5	365	0.999 1	5.06	0.932	375	373
T6	338	0.997 7	3.78	0.814	413	419
T7	289	0.998 6	4.17	0.864	333	339
T8	152	0.999 9	4.51	0.888	154	154
T9	326	0.998 4	4.33	0.888	360	359
T10	304	0.997 9	3.69	0.820	385	380