玉米籽粒中小、大型淀粉粒热力学参数与黏度参数的比较

doi:10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230749

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为分析玉米成熟期籽粒中小、大型淀粉粒热力学参数与黏度参数之间的关系。以11个不同类型的玉米品种为材料,分离中小、大型淀粉粒,比较2种类型的淀粉粒热力学参数与黏度参数。结果表明:中小型淀粉粒和大型淀粉粒得到了比较可观的分离。不同品种的淀粉黏度参数存在显著差异。大型淀粉粒的初始糊化温度、峰值糊化温度以及糊化焓值均高于中小型淀粉粒,而中小型淀粉粒黏度参数中峰值黏度、低谷黏度、稀懈值、最终黏度和回升值均显著高于大型淀粉粒。与大型淀粉粒相比,玉米成熟期籽粒胚乳中小型淀粉粒的峰值黏度、低谷黏度、稀懈值较高。说明中小型淀粉粒结构紧密,相较于大型淀粉粒糊化困难。

关键词: 玉米, 淀粉粒, 热力学参数, 黏度参数

Abstract:

In order to analyze the relationship between thermodynamic parameters and viscosity parameters of small and medium-sized and large starch grains in mature maize, 11 different types of maize varieties were used as materials to isolate small and medium-sized and large starch grains. The thermodynamic parameters and viscosity parameters of two types of starch granules were compared. Small and medium-sized starch grains and large starch grains were separated considerably. There were significant differences in starch viscosity parameters among different varieties. The initial gelatinization temperature, peak gelatinization temperature and gelatinization enthalpy of large starch grains were higher than those of small and medium-sized starch grains. The peak viscosity, trough viscosity, breakdown, final viscosity and setback of small and medium-sized starch grains were significantly higher than those of large starch grains. Compared with large starch grains, the peak viscosity, trough viscosity and breakdown value of small and medium-sized starch grains in kernel endosperm of maize at mature stage were higher. It shows that the structure of small and medium-sized starch grains is compact, which is difficult to gelatinize compared with large starch grains.

Key words: maize, starch grains, thermodynamic parameters, viscosity parameters

中图分类号:

S513

张雅婷, 胡健, 余梦奇, 路梦莉, 程嘉慧, 李文阳. 玉米籽粒中小、大型淀粉粒热力学参数与黏度参数的比较[J]. 浙江农业科学, 2024, 65(10): 2451-2455.

ZHANG Yating, HU Jian, YU Mengqi, LU Mengli, CHENG Jiahui, LI Wenyang. Comparison of thermodynamic parameters and viscosity parameters of small and medium-sized and large starch grains in maize[J]. Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 65(10): 2451-2455.

图/表 5

参考文献 25

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类型	中小型淀粉粒组/%	大型淀粉粒组/%
中小型淀粉粒	93.65±0.37 a	13.78±1.33 a
大型淀粉粒	6.16±0.32 b	86.22±1.33 b

类型	中小型淀粉粒组/%	大型淀粉粒组/%
中小型淀粉粒	93.65±0.37 a	13.78±1.33 a
大型淀粉粒	6.16±0.32 b	86.22±1.33 b

类型	初始糊化温度/℃	峰值糊化温度/℃	终止糊化温度/℃	焓值ΔH/(kJ·kg^-1)
中小型淀粉粒	60.44±0.55 b	68.57±0.72 a	75.92±0.59 a	7.38±0.30 b
大型淀粉粒	64.14±0.05 a	69.00±0.19 a	73.80±0.11 b	10.20±0.18 a

类型	初始糊化温度/℃	峰值糊化温度/℃	终止糊化温度/℃	焓值ΔH/(kJ·kg^-1)
中小型淀粉粒	60.44±0.55 b	68.57±0.72 a	75.92±0.59 a	7.38±0.30 b
大型淀粉粒	64.14±0.05 a	69.00±0.19 a	73.80±0.11 b	10.20±0.18 a

类型	峰值黏度/cP	低谷黏度/cP	稀懈值/cP
中小型淀粉粒	1 537.00 a	936.00 a	601.33 a
大型淀粉粒	1 345.33 b	894.00 b	451.33 b