浙江农业科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 67 ›› Issue (8): 1912-1921.DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250923

• 粮食作物 • 上一篇    下一篇

播期和密度对宁丰麦6号干物质积累、转运及产量的影响

张新城1(), 刘燕2, 汪尊杰3, 王玲1, 马善林1()   

  1. 1.湖州市农业科学研究院/湖州市农业种质资源创新与应用重点实验室,浙江 湖州 313000
    2.东台市农业农村局,江苏 东台 224200
    3.江苏里下河地区农业科学研究所,江苏 扬州 225000
  • 收稿日期:2025-12-17 出版日期:2026-08-11 发布日期:2026-08-20
  • 通讯作者: 马善林
  • 作者简介:马善林,E-mail:MSL205@126.com
    张新城,从事作物高产栽培技术研究。E-mail:0617375@zju.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    浙江省农作物区试

Effects of sowing date and density on dry matter accumulation,translocation,and yield of Ningfengmai No.6

ZHANG Xincheng1(), LIU Yan2, WANG Zunjie3, WANG Ling1, MA Shanlin1()   

  1. 1.Huzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Huzhou Key Laboratory for Innovation and Application of Agricultural Germplasm Resources,Huzhou 313000,Zhejiang
    2.Dongtai Municipal Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Dongtai 224200,Jiangsu
    3.Lixiahe Regional Agricultural Science Research Institute of Jiangsu,Yangzhou 225000,Jiangsu
  • Received:2025-12-17 Online:2026-08-11 Published:2026-08-20
  • Contact: MA Shanlin

摘要:

为探索小麦新品种宁丰麦6号在浙北地区推广种植的适宜播期及播种密度,本研究采用双因素裂区试验,播期为主区[11月19日播种(适播,S1)和12月4日播种(晚播,S2)],密度为裂区[每公顷360万粒(D1)、450万粒(D2)、540万粒(D3)和630万粒(D4)],研究了播期和密度对宁丰麦6号群体干物质积累、转运及产量等的影响。结果表明,与适播相比,晚播条件下拔节期、抽穗期和成熟期的平均单茎干物质质量分别降低了28.95%、11.16%和6.38%。花前和花后平均干物质积累量分别减少了1 635.61 kg·hm-2和998.82 kg·hm-2,最终导致平均实际产量降低623.50 kg·hm-2。在S1处理下,随着密度的增加,花前干物质积累量、转运量、花后干物质积累量、实际产量和有效穗数呈先增后降的趋势,且均以D3处理最高。在S2处理下,花前干物质积累量、转运量及其对籽粒的贡献率、理论产量与有效穗数均随着播种密度的增加而增加,千粒重逐渐降低,实际产量亦以D3处理最高(4 937.29 kg·hm-2),但较S1处理(5 631.18 kg·hm-2)低693.89 kg·hm-2。可见,晚播条件下,增加播种密度可有效提高小麦花前干物质积累量、转运量及其对籽粒的贡献率。在适宜播期(11月19日)和适宜密度(每公顷540万粒)下,宁丰麦6号的干物质积累、分配和产量结构比较协调,有利于在浙北地区或相似生态区发挥产量潜力。

关键词: 小麦, 播期, 密度, 宁丰麦6号, 干物质积累, 产量

Abstract:

To explore the optimal sowing date and density for developing a new released wheat variety Ningfengmai No. 6 in northern region of Zhejiang,a two-factor split-plot experiment was conducted,with sowing date as the main plot [November 19(suitable sowing,S1)and December 4(late sowing,S2)] and sowing density as the sub-plot [3.6 million grains per hectare (D1),4.5 million grains per hectare (D2),5.4 million grains per hectare (D3),and 6.3 million grains per hectare (D4)]. The effects of sowing date and sowing density on dry matter accumulation,translocation and yield of Ningfengmai No.6 were investigated. The results showed that compared with suitable sowing,late sowing decreased the average dry matter weight per stem at jointing,heading and maturity stages by 28.95%,11.16% and 6.38%,respectively.The average dry matter accumulation before and after anthesis decreased by 1 635.61 kg·hm-2 and 998.82 kg·hm-2,respectively,which finally reduced the average actual yield by 623.50 kg·hm-2. Under the S1 treatment,with the increase of sowing density,the dry matter accumulation before anthesis and its translocation,dry matter accumulation after anthesis,actual yield,and spike number showed a trend of initial increase followed by a subsequent decrease,with a peak at D3 treatment. Under the S2 treatment,the dry matter accumulation before anthesis,translocation and its contribution to grains,theoretical yield and spike number were continuously increased with rising sowing density,while the 1 000-grain weight decreased gradually. The actual yield was also the highest in the D3 treatment(4 937.29 kg·hm-2),which was 693.89 kg·hm-2 lower than that of the S1 treatment(5 631.18 kg·hm-2). Under late sowing conditions,increasing sowing density can effectively improve dry matter accumulation before anthesis,dry matter translocation and its contribution rate to grains of wheat. In conclusion,under suitable sowing date(November 19 th)and suitable density(5.4 million grains per hectare)conditions,dry matter accumulation,distribution,and yield components of Ningfengmai No. 6 were well coordinated,which woule be beneficial for the full realization of its yield potential in northern Zhejiang Province or similar ecological regions.

Key words: wheat, sowing date, density, Ningfengmai No. 6, dry matter accumulation, yield

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