浙江农业科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 67 ›› Issue (8): 1928-1932.DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250210

• 粮食作物 • 上一篇    下一篇

鲜食玉米农艺与品质性状热带适应性评价

杨宇(), 付均, 邓宏林, 邓涛, 万宇婷, 孙博   

  1. 云南现代农业产业研究院有限公司,云南 昆明 650000
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-21 出版日期:2026-08-11 发布日期:2026-08-20
  • 作者简介:杨宇,研究方向为作物栽培。E-mail:540838793@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    云南省重点研发计划项目(202103AF14003)

Evaluation of tropical adaptability of agronomic and quality traits in fresh maize

YANG Yu(), FU Jun, DENG Honglin, DENG Tao, WAN Yuting, SUN Bo   

  1. Yunnan Modern Agricultural Industry Research Institute Co. ,Ltd. ,Kunming 650000,Yunnan
  • Received:2025-03-21 Online:2026-08-11 Published:2026-08-20

摘要:

本研究旨在探讨不同鲜食玉米品种在老挝热带环境下的产量与品质表现,以筛选适应性强、高产优质的品种。试验选取15个鲜食玉米品种(13个中国品种、1个老挝本地品种和1个泰国品种),在老挝万象进行田间试验,测定玉米的产量、农艺性状(株高、穗长、穗直径、穗粒数等)和食用品质(外观、气味、色泽等)。结果表明,T1、T13和T15品种的产量较高,T1最高可达17 815.33 kg·hm-2,T7的产量最低但食用品质最优,总分为88.72分。部分中国品种在产量、柔嫩度、糯性/甜度等品质指标上优于供试老挝、泰国品种。冗余分析显示,穗高和穗直径是影响鲜食玉米食用品质的主要因素(贡献率分别为26.6%和22.4%)。本研究为热带地区评估高产优质鲜食玉米品种提供了科学依据,对优化区域农业合作模式及定向育种策略具有重要实践意义。

关键词: 鲜食玉米, 产量, 品质, 品种比较

Abstract:

This study aimed to evaluate the yield and quality performance of various fresh maize varieties under tropical conditions in Laos,with the goal of identifying adaptable,high-yielding,and superior-quality varieties. Fifteen fresh maize varieties(13 Chinese varieties,1 local Lao variety,and 1 Thai variety)were planted in field trials in Vientiane,Laos. Key parameters including yield,agronomic traits(plant height,ear length,ear diameter,kernel number per ear),and edible quality(appearance,odor,color,etc.)were measured. Results showed that T1,T13,and T15 exhibited the highest yields,with T1 achieving a maximum yield of 17 815.33 kg·hm-2,while T7 had the lowest yield but the highest edible quality score(89.28). Chinese varieties outperformed Lao and Thai varieties in yield,tenderness,waxiness/sweetness. Redundancy analysis revealed that ear height(26.6%)and ear diameter(22.4%)were the predominant factors influencing edible quality. This study provided a scientific basis for selecting high-yield and high-quality fresh maize varieties in tropical regions,offering practical insights for optimizing regional agricultural collaboration models and directional breeding strategies.

Key words: fresh maize, yield, quality, variety comparison

中图分类号: