Abstract:

The temperature and humidity changes, as well as the differences in flowering, fruit development, and quality formation of Myrica rubra, between greenhouse and open field cultivation, were analyzed using the Chise variety as the test material. It was found that the daily average temperature in the greenhouse during the experimental period was 21.3 ℃, and the accumulated temperature was 3 869.4 ℃, which was 10.1 and 1 826.5 ℃ higher than that in the open field, respectively. The average humidity was slightly lower than that of open field cultivation. At the same time, the flowering period of females and males Myrica rubra in the greenhouse was advanced by 29 and 11 days respectively, and the flowering period was the same. The growth of male Myrica rubra flowers in facility cultivation increased, and the pollen collection rate increased to 81.2%. Compared with open field cultivation, greenhouse Myrica rubra ripened 17 days earlier, with an increase of 21.5% in average single fruit weight, 1.3 percentage points in soluble solids content, and 33.7% in total sugar content, respectively. The total acid content decreases by 13.6%, and the fruit drop rate decreases by 15.6 percentage points. The yield of individual Myrica rubra in greenhouses increased by 30.0% to 49.1%, the commercial fruit rate increased by 19.8 to 27.3 percentage points, the high-quality fruit rate increased by 11.9 to 12.7 percentage points, the sale price of commercial fruit and high-quality fruit doubled, and the comprehensive benefits significantly improved.

Key words: greenhouse facilities, Myrica rubra, artificial pollination, phenological period, yield, quality