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Practical research on the integrated reform of strengthening rural areas and enriching farmers with collective economy as the core in Zhejiang Province WANG Yu, MAO Xiaobao, WANG Jin, FU Linlin, MAO Xiaohong 2025, 66 (1):  1-10.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20231073 Abstract ( 282 )   HTML ( 263 )   PDF (1475KB) ( 302 )   The integrated reform of strengthening rural areas and enriching farmers is the key hand to accelerate the common prosperity of farmers and rural areas, and the development and expansion of the rural collective economy plays a central role. In this paper, based on the investigation in Huzhou, Lishui, Jinhua in Zhejiang Province, we displayed the current situation of rural collective economy in Zhejiang Province, then summarized the six modes of the integrated reform in Zhejiang Province, which were land development, asset revitalization, resource development, industry-driven, capable people-driven, holding linkage. We also explored the important paths for Zhejiang Province to promote the transformation of resources into assets, funds into stocks, and farmers into shareholders, and sorted out the problems existing in the current integrated reform of strengthening rural areas and enriching farmers. Relevant policy suggestions were proposed from the perspectives of innovative management mechanisms, coordinated resource allocation, and diversified business operations, which providing important references for promoting the integrated reform of strengthening rural areas and enriching farmers with collective economy as the core. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Spatial distribution characteristics and development influencing factors of new agricultural business entities in Zhejiang Province TONG Lei, LIN Qianhan, CAO Yirong 2025, 66 (1):  11-19.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230933 Abstract ( 85 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (8995KB) ( 275 )   The new agricultural business entity is an important carrier to promote the development of agricultural modernization. This paper takes 1 426 new agricultural business entities in Zhejiang Province as the research object, and uses the nearest neighbor index, kernel density estimation method and spatial autocorrelation method to analyze the spatial distribution pattern of leading agricultural enterprises, farmers' cooperatives and family farms in Zhejiang Province. The results showed that: The point data of the three types of demonstrative new agricultural business entities are clustered in spatial distribution; The spatial distribution of the three types of demonstrative new agricultural business entities is clustered.There are obvious differences in the distribution density of the three types of demonstrative new agricultural business entities. Leading agricultural enterprises are mostly gathered in the plain area of northern Zhejiang, farmers' cooperatives are mostly gathered and close to the coastal areas of eastern Zhejiang, and family farms form multiple high-density value areas in the plain area of northern and the hilly areas of central and western Zhejiang. There is a positive autocorrelation in the spatial distribution of the three types of new agricultural business entities. The spatial distribution includes three types: H-H (high-high aggregation), L-H (low-high anomaly), and H-L (high-low anomaly). The development of new agricultural business entities in Zhejiang Province is affected by multiple factors such as policy, economic society, natural geography, and location transportation. The improvement of the new agricultural business entity system should be promoted according to local conditions based on the optimization of agricultural production space and the actual development of each region. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of nitrogen fertilizer management on yield, nitrogen use efficiency and grain quality of high-quality hybrid rice variety Huazheyou 210 LI Ronghui, WANG Danying, CHU Guang 2025, 66 (1):  20-24.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230994 Abstract ( 132 )   HTML ( 11 )   PDF (1170KB) ( 341 )   To clarify the optimal application ratio of base, tiller and panicle fertilizer, this study investigated the effects of different nitrogen fertilizer management strategies on the yield, nitrogen use efficiency and grain quality of high-quality hybrid rice variety Huazheyou 210. In 2022, a field experiment was conducted in Kecheng District, Quzhou City. Huazheyou 210 was used as the test material. Based on a total nitrogen application rate of 180 kg·hm-2, three fertilizer application schemes were established in terms of base fertilizer∶tiller fertilizer∶panicle fertilizer ratios, with a control group that did not receive any nitrogen fertilizer (CK). The results indicated that nitrogen fertilizer management had a significant impact on rice yield, nitrogen use efficiency and quality. Among the different nitrogen application treatments, N2 and N3 treatments achieved the highest yield and nitrogen use efficiency. In terms of rice quality, the brown rice rate of N2 treatment significantly outperformed other treatments. Chalky grain rate, chalkiness degree, and rice protein content were highest in the N3 treatment, followed by N1 and N2, while the CK treatment had the lowest values. Gel consistency showed the highest value in CK treatment, followed by N1 and N2, and the lowest in the N3 treatment. Considering the yield, nitrogen use efficiency and rice quality, N2 treatment was an optimal nitrogen fertilizer management method for high-quality hybrid rice Huazheyou 210. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of the difference in indica rice yield at different altitudes in Yunnan XIA Qiongmei, YAN Sandan, ZHUO Xiaofang, LONG Ruiping, ZHU Haiping, LI Guiyong, YANG Jiu, YANG Congdang 2025, 66 (1):  25-29.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20231038 Abstract ( 83 )   HTML ( 7 )   PDF (1193KB) ( 259 )   Six indica rice varieties were used as materials to study the effects of different altitudes on the yield formation of indica rice in Yunnan. The results showed that when the altitude decreased, the daily average temperature, daily maximum temperature and daily minimum temperature during the growth period of indica rice increased by 2.4-2.5 ℃, and the differences between day and night temperature, daily average humidity and daily average solar radiation were small. The lower altitude and higher temperature led to the shorter growth period, the decrease of the total number of leaves, the decrease of the efficient leaf area index and the total leaf area index at the booting stage and the full heading stage, and the decrease of the dry matter weight of the aboveground part of the population from the booting stage to the mature stage, and finally the yield of indica rice was significantly reduced. This study provides a basis for formulating reasonable cultivation and reglation measure for rice production in Yunnan Province. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of high temperature during the period of heading and flowering on setting rate and yield of hybrid rice FANG Wenying, CHEN Jiaqi, CHU Daiwei, DING Mengjia, YAO Ping, JIN Yimin, LUO Tianzi, SHEN Xinglian, MO Honghua, HUANG Yuying, ZHENG Xiaoxiao, ZHU Defeng 2025, 66 (1):  30-34.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20231024 Abstract ( 102 )   HTML ( 9 )   PDF (2242KB) ( 293 )   In response to the abnormal high temperature in Yuhang District in 2022, temperature data from four town and street meteorological stations in the district were analyzed to study the effect of high temperature on the setting rate and yield of single season hybrid rice varieties such as Yongyou 1540, Yongyou 12, Chunyou 590, Chunyou 161, and Jiangliangyou 7901. The results showed as following: in 2022, the number of high temperature days with daily maximum temperature higher than 35 ℃ was 65 d, 34 d more than the same period of the last years and the number of high temperature days above 40 ℃ was 32 d. From August 10 to August 23, the period of concentrated heading and flowering of single-season hybrid rice, the temperature in other days were all higher than 38.0 ℃ except for 36.7 ℃ on one day. Due to different the period of heading and flowering, the setting rate of hybrid rice decreased by 13.9-43.3 percentage points when exposed to high temperatures compared with normal temperatures.When the high temperature occurred in the period of heading and flowering, the setting rate varied greatly, and the decreasing range of setting rate increased with the increase of total munber of grains. The abnormal high temperature of 38.0-41.0 ℃ occurred in the period of heading and flowering of single-season hybrid rice, and the setting rate decreased, resulting in a decrease of 28.8%-53.8% in yield. The decrease of yield of single-season hybrid rice due to abnormal high temperature during the period of heading and flowering resulted mainly from the decrease of setting rate. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of combined application of biogas slurry and chemical fertilizer on soil quality and rice yield in tillage layer ZHANG Xufeng, JIANG Yufei, WANG Luyou, XIANG Tianyong, HE Weiqiang, LUO Lujia 2025, 66 (1):  35-39.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20231124 Abstract ( 79 )   HTML ( 6 )   PDF (1238KB) ( 254 )   In order to clarify the effects of biogas slurry application on rice production and soil quality, this study conducted field experiments for 2 consecutive years. Three biogas slurry treatment groups were set up to explore the effects of biogas slurry and chemical fertilizer on soil nutrient indexes, heavy metals conent and rice yield. The results showed that the contents of organic matter, total nitrogen and organic nitrogen in the soil were increased by 7.55%-73.38%, 8.02%-86.10% and 3.80%-86.41%, respectively, and the increase rate of T2 was the largest. The biogas slurry treatment reduced the content of Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn、As、Pb and Hg in the soil. The T2 treatment had the highest rice yield, which increased by 13.2% compared with chemical fertilizer treatment, while the T3 treatment reduced the rice yield by 18.2%, while the T1 treatment had no significant effect on the rice yield. The combined application of biogas slurry and chemical fertilizer could improve soil fertility, promoted the improvement of soil environmental quality, and increased rice yield. In the later stage, it is necessary to further determine the optimal dosage and application scheme of biogas slurry and chemical fertilizer through experiments. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of seed dressing with chemicals on the growth and yield of dryland wheat along the Huaihe River Area JI Li, LI Chuanzhe, DONG Qingjun, ZHONG Ping, SUN Chunmei, SHAO Wenqi, CHEN Chuan 2025, 66 (1):  40-43.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20231022 Abstract ( 73 )   HTML ( 5 )   PDF (1318KB) ( 256 )   Wheat productivity is low in dryland farming systems, and seed dressing with chemicals can improve wheat growth quality and promote stable and increased yields. Using Zhengmai 618 as the test material, three groups of self-prepared formulation (A1), self-prepared formulation (A2), and difenoconazole fludioxonil thiamethoxam 27% FS (A3) were mixed with seeds and one group was not mixed with seeds in the dryland farming systems along the Huaihe River. The effects of these treatments on wheat growth and yield were studied. The results showed that compared with no dressing, A1 and A2 treatments resulted in darker green leaf color in wheat, while A3 treatment showed no significant difference, the length of the first internode at maturity increased by -12.3%, -6.2%, and 10.8% with A1, A2, and A3 treatments, respectively. Plant height increased by -1.6, -1.1, and 1.7 cm with A1, A2, and A3 treatments, respectively. At maturity, A1 significantly increased biomass, while A2 and A3 treatments showed no significant difference. In terms of final yield, A1, A2, and A3 treatments increased by 6.6%, 1.8%, and -2.8%, respectively. Seed dressing with chemicals can improve wheat productivity and ensure wheat production safety. Among the treatments, A1 treatment performed the best, showing strong seedling and yield increasing effects, making it suitable for applying in dryland farming systems along the Huaihe River. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of organic substance composting inoculants under straw returning on wheat yield and soil chemical characteristics GUO Xinsong, LIU Tongxin, HONG Pizheng, GAO Han, JING Jiyue, DING Fangjun 2025, 66 (1):  44-50.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230979 Abstract ( 83 )   HTML ( 6 )   PDF (1486KB) ( 310 )   In this study, three treatments were set up: straw not returning (CK), straw returning (T1) and straw returning with organic substance composting inoculants (T2), and the effects of organic substance composting inoculants on wheat yield, soil alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium content, soil enzyme activity and microbial number under the condition of straw returning were investigated through field experiments. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the number of panicle and grains per panicle between treatments, but the application of organic substance composting inoculants significantly increased the 1 000-grain weight of wheat. Compared with CK, T2 treatment significantly increased the number of soil bacteria and decreased the number of fungi. Under the condition of straw returning to the field, the activities of neutral phosphoconvertase, sucrase and catalase in the soil were significantly increased under the application of organic substance composting inoculants. The contents of available phosphorus, available potassium, total nitrogen, organic matter and organic carbon increased significantly after the application of organic substance composting inoculants. The above results showed that under the condition of straw returning to the field, organic substance composting inoculants accelerated the decomposition rate of straw in the soil, increased the number of soil microorganisms and soil enzyme activities, promoted the dissociation of mineral nutrients in the soil, increased the content of available mineral nutrients in the soil, improved the rhizosphere soil environment of wheat, and promoted the growth of wheat. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on the components of plant height in spring wheat in Xinjiang ZHU Changan, HAO Quanyou, LI Qianrong, LI Zhaofeng 2025, 66 (1):  51-56.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20231102 Abstract ( 65 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (1192KB) ( 259 )   To explore the plant height, internode length, plant height component index and internodes component index in different ecological environments of Xinjiang spring wheat germplasm resources, and the relationship between plant height components and yield traits, and to provide a reference for shuttle breeding and plant type improvement, 40 spring wheat varieties from Xinjiang were selected for agronomic trait investigation. They were planted in three different ecological environments (Shihezi in Xinjiang, Yongning in Ningxia, and Yuanmou in Yunnan), and 12 plant height and yield-related traits were surveyed and analyzed.There were significant difference in plant height among different test sites and the plant height and internode length of wheat in Yongning was significantly higher than that in Shihezi. The first to the fifth internode length were 36.21, 19.97, 12.70, 8.14 and 4.16 cm, respectively, which accounting for 39.81%, 21.96%, 13.97%, 8.95% and 4.57% of plant height. The average plant height composition index was 0.62, and the first to fourth internode composition index was 0.64, 0.64, 0.61 and 0.67, respectively. The estimated broad sense heritability of 12 traits was in descending order: first internode composition index>first internode length>second internode length>panicle length>plant height>second internode composition index>fourth internode length>third internode length>third internode composition index>plant height composition index>fourth internode composition index>fifth internode length. Plant height, spike length, first internode length, second internode length, fourth internode length and first internode composition index showed significantly or extremely significant positive correlation among the three environments. In Shihezi, the first internode length was significantly positively correlated with spike length, and was extremely significantly positively correlated with grain weight per spike. In Yongning, the second internode length was significantly negatively correlated with spikelet number and grains per spike. The plant height traits could be effectively selected in shuttle breeding under the three ecological conditions, and increasing first internode length was beneficial to the improvement of yield traits. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of replacing chemical fertilizers with organic fertilizers on soil properties, yield and quality of Ipomoea batatas YAN Jiaqi, HONG Leidong, FANG Yuxian, WANG Meiyun, HONG Chunlai, YAO Yanlai 2025, 66 (1):  57-61.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20231026 Abstract ( 92 )   HTML ( 6 )   PDF (2176KB) ( 286 )   To investigate the effects of replacing chemical fertilizers with organic fertilizers on soil properties and production of Ipomoea batatas, organic fertilizers were applied using the method of equal nitrogen substitution, and indicators such as soil physical and chemical properties, yield and quality of Ipomoea batatas were tested and analyzed based on the nutrient requirements of Ipomoea batatas. The results showed that, compared with the control group that only applied chemical fertilizer, commercial organic fertilizer and bio-organic fertilizers with equal nitrogen substitution for chemical fertilizers, significantly (P<0.05) increased soil pH value. The content of soil available potassium increased by 62.4% in the treatment added with 15 kg bio-organic fertilizer. Meanwhile, different chemical fertilizer reduction treatments did not have significant effects on yield of Ipomoea batatas. However, the total potassium content in storage root was significantly increased (P<0.05). Especially in the treatment added with 15 kg bio-organic fertilizer, the total potassium content increased by 53.1%. The research promotes the application of chemical fertilizer reduction by organic fertilizer and provides an important theoretical basis for the green and sustainable industry development of Ipomoea batatas. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of different proportion of foliar fertilizer on the growth and fruit setting of Camellia oleifera ZHANG Kunchang, LI Yongquan, LYU Yuzhou, WANG Chuan, WU Jinyi, WU Hongfei, CEN Yingyuan, LIAO Boyong, TU Panfeng 2025, 66 (1):  62-71.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20231047 Abstract ( 70 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF (7972KB) ( 257 )   Effects of different concentrations of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea and boric acid on the growth and fruit setting of Camellia oleifera were studied to provide theoretical support for the spraying of foliar fertilizer on Camellia oleifera. Ten-year-old common Camellia oleifera cv. Cenruan 3 were conducted as the test material, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea and boric acid were set up with different concetrations and ratios of 10 experimental treatments. The changes of leaf physiology, fruit characters and fruit setting rate of Camellia oleifera were analyzed, and the effect of leaf spraying on various traits of Camellia oleifera were discussed, so as to calculate the optimal spraying amount and maximum yield. The results showed that low concentration of foliar fertilizer could significantly promote the growth, development and fruit quality of Camellia oleifera, while high concentration of foliar fertilizer could reduce the fruit quality of Camellia oleifera, which was not conducive to its growth and development. Among all treatments in this experiment, treatment 3 (potassium dihydrogen phosphate∶boric acid∶urea=0.2%∶0.2%∶0.4%) can effectively improve the leaf area, nitrogen content, phosphorus content, potassium content and fruit setting rate of Camellia oleifera, and have a positive impact on leaf oxidase activity and physiological indicators, and also have a positive role in promoting the fruit properties of Camellia oleifera. The optimum spraying rates of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, boric acid and urea were 62.62,28.74 and 58.14 g per Camellia oleifera plant, respectively, which could make the maximum yield of 23.36 kg. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of different peanut organic fertilizers on the yield, quality, and soil physicochemical properties of Yunxue 38 ZHOU Weiyu, KONG Guanghui, ZHANG Guanghai, ZHAO Gaokun, WU Yuping, LI Wei, LI Yongping, YAO Heng, WANG Na 2025, 66 (1):  72-78.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20231019 Abstract ( 64 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1381KB) ( 257 )   The effects of different types of peanut organic fertilizer on the growth, yield, quality and soil physicochemical properties of cigar variety Yunxue 38 were discussed, so as to provide a reference for the scientific and rational fertilization of Yunxue 38. Three fertilization treatments, including peanut-based, peanut meal organic fertilizer and local conventional fertilizer, were set up to measure and analyze the agronomic traits, economic traits, chemical composition of tobacco leaves, and physical and chemical indexes of soil after tobacco planting under different fertilization treatments. The results showed that compared with the control, the two organic fertilizers of peanut meal and peanut-based fertilizer could significantly increase plant height and maximum leaf area. The yield of fresh leaves with peanut organic fertilizer could be increased by 3.93%-12.07%. The contents of chemical components such as total nitrogen, nicotine and potassium in leaves increased to varying degrees, and the comprehensive score of chemical components assigned to leaves was the best in peanut meal organic fertilizer treatment. In addition, the application of peanut organic fertilizer could increase the content of soil organic matter, alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen and total nitrogen, among which the treatment effect of peanut meal organic fertilizer was more obvious, which increased by 41.14%, 31.81% and 61.54%, respectively. The results of redundancy analysis showed that organic matter and total nitrogen content were the main influencing factors of agronomic traits of plants, and pH value, organic matter and total nitrogen content were the main influencing factors of chemical composition of leaves. The application of peanut organic fertilizer played an important role in improving the yield quality and soil nutrient indexes of Yunxue 38, and the comprehensive effect of peanut meal organic fertilizer was the best. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of microbial agents on soil microorganisms and yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco LIU Jianjun, CAO Anquan, PENG Jiuhua, WANG Lixiang, CHEN Heqing, YANG Zaijun, ZHANG Fengshou, XUE Gang 2025, 66 (1):  79-85.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20231054 Abstract ( 76 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF (2571KB) ( 249 )   The limited soil resources of flue-cured tobacco in Wushan are not good for continuous cultivation, coupled with the extensive use of chemical fertilizer and insufficient use of organic fertilizer, resulting in the common occurrence of soil-borne diseases such as tobacco black shank disease and bacterial wilt disease. Therefore, this study explored the effects of microbial agents on the main diseases and production quality of flue-cured tobacco in Wushan, in order to prevent and control tobacco black shank disease and bacterial wilt disease, and provide technical support for the production of high-quality flue-cured tobacco in Wushan tobacco area. A completely randomized block design was adopted, and four treatments were set up, namely CK, with local conventional fertilization; T1, with 7.5 kg of seaweed chitin refined potassium per 667 m2 was added, diluted with water, and 1.35 kg per plant was irrigated; T2, with package fertilizer (1.5 kg potassium xanthohumate, 1.0 kg trichoderma harzianum, and 1.5 kg bacillus subtilis per 667 m2), dilute with water, and 1.35 kg per plant was irrigated; T3, with 5.0 kg of three-in-one antibacterial compound per 667 m2 was added, diluted with water, and 1.35 kg per plant was irrigated. For three repetitions, the microbial inoculant was applied together with the first topdressing. The results showed that the application of microbial inoculants could increase the number of fungi in the soil in the middle period and the number of bacteria in the later period. T1 treatment could effectively improve the agronomic traits of tobacco plants and increase the tobacco maximum leaf area by 60.94% compared with the control. The incidence of black shank disease in T1 treatment was lower than that in other treatments. The incidence of bacterial wilt disease in T1 treatment was the lowest at 60-90 d. The total scores of appearance quality and sensory quality of tobacco leaves treated by T1 were the highest, which were 6.5 points and 6.0 points higher than that of control, respectively. The content of chemical composition is suitable and the coordination is good. The output value of T1 treatment was 4 822.49 yuan·hm-2 higher than that of the control, and the proportion of high-grade tobacco was 4.66 percentage points higher than that of control. In general, T1 treatment with 7.5 kg of seaweed chitin refined potassium per 667 m2 can change the number of fungi and bacteria in tobacco soil, improve the agronomic traits of tobacco plants, increase plant height and leaf area, significantly reduce the incidence of black shank disease and bacterial wilt disease, improve the appearance quality and sensory quality of tobacco leaves, the chemical content is suitable, the coordination is good, and the yield and output value are increased. The grade structure of tobacco leaves is improved. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis on agronomic traits and yield of soybean and maize under strip compound planting with chemical control agents XU Yueming, XIN Haibin, HU Qiuqian, LIU Ping 2025, 66 (1):  86-91.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230977 Abstract ( 56 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (1410KB) ( 271 )   Xudou 18 and Jiangyu 877 were used as experimental materials for soybean and maize strip compound planting, and the effects of different chemical control agents on yield, dry matter accumulation, nitrogen accumulation, lodging resistance, leaf area index and chlorophyll content (SPAD value) were studied. The results showed that the spraying of uniconazole and Yuhuangjin was better in improving the yield, land equivalent ratio and economic benefits of maize and soybean under strip compound planting. The dry matter accumulation of maize was the largest under the treatment of Yuhuangjin, and the maximum dry matter accumulation of soybean was under the treatment of uniconazole. The nitrogen accumulation of maize and soybean was increased the most by spraying robust hormone. Spraying robust hormone had a good effect on the comprehensive index of lodging resistance of maize, and spraying Jindele had a good effect on the comprehensive index of lodging resistance of soybean. The relative chlorophyll content of maize and soybean was higher under the spraying of Yuhuangjin, the leaf area index of maize sprayed with uniconazole was the highest, and the leaf area index of soybean sprayed with diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate was higher. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparison of large and medium-sized watermelon varieties in spring in Xuhuai Region of Jiangsu Province GU Yan, HUANG Dayue, XU Binghua, ZHANG Chaoyang, LIU Xin, CHENG Rui, YIN Lian, ZHANG Xuelian, SUN Yudong 2025, 66 (1):  92-96.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240676 Abstract ( 62 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (1166KB) ( 208 )   With the advent of the Internet information age, watermelon varieties are undergoing a period of renewal with numerous new varieties entering the market, which makes farmers concern about selecting the most suitable varieties. In order to advance the watermelon industry, a screening process was conducted to identify large and medium-sized watermelon varieties that are well-suited for cultivation in spring greenhouses within Jiangsu Xuhuai Region based on its climate characteristics. A comprehensive evaluation was carried out on 40 large and medium-sized watermelon varieties in spring, considering their yield, quality, and commodity characteristics. The findings revealed that Jingjia 301, Yongmi 3, and Suchuang 6 exhibited favorable overall traits and were recommended for planting and propagation in spring greenhouses within the Xuhuai Region. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Current situation of vegetable industry and countermeasures of high quality development in Fujian Province YU Hongjie, WENG Zhihui, CHI Minqing 2025, 66 (1):  97-102.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20231074 Abstract ( 78 )   HTML ( 5 )   PDF (1242KB) ( 237 )   Vegetable industry is the pillar industry of agriculture in Fujian Province and the main channel for farmers to increase their income. Its output value ranks first in planting industry, and its planting area is second only to the grain. At present, the vegetable industry in Fujian Province has prominent problems such as a small scale planting area, insufficient germplasm innovation ability, and weak industrial integration, which have constrained the development scale of vegetables in Fujian and made it difficult to guarantee the income of farmers. This paper conducted a comprehensive investigation and analysis of the overall development of Fujian vegetable industry, summarized the main problems existing in the transformation and upgrading of the vegetable industry, and put forward countermeasures and suggestions for the further development of Fujian vegetable industry. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Efficient and high-quality seed production technology for glutinous waxy luffa ZOU Yijing, FANG Shuli, HU Xiaoqiang, WU Jianlie, JIN Shuifeng, HUANG Yue, JIANG Ningfei, SHI Shaoping 2025, 66 (1):  103-105.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240823 Abstract ( 75 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF (1134KB) ( 237 )   Glutinous waxy luffa is an advantageous and characteristic local variety in Hangzhou, with a long cultivation history time and well received by the market. It accounts for more than half of the total cultivation area of luffa in Hangzhou, which is still developing every year. As the planting area of glutinous waxy luffa continues to expand, the demand for its seeds is also gradually increasing. This article focused on the key technologies involved in the seed production process of glutinous waxy luffa, including field preparation, sowing and seedlings cultivation, soil preparation and fertilization, timely planting, plant-regulating, pollination, post pollination field management, disease and pest control, harvesting and seed quality testing. This technology is aim to provide a reference for farmers to improve the quality and yield of glutinous waxy luffa seeds. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of fertilizer reduction combined with organic water-soluble fertilizer on quality and yield of greenhouse cucumber SU Hang, ZHOU Guoyan, SONG Xiaofei, LI Xiaoli, YAN Liying, XIE Yang 2025, 66 (1):  106-110.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240782 Abstract ( 59 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1230KB) ( 268 )   To investigate the effects of fertilizer reduction combined with organic water-soluble fertilizer on the quality and yield of greenhouse cucumber, 10 kg pinghengtong water-soluble fertilizer per 667 m2 and 1.5 kg KH2PO4 water-soluble fertilizer per 667 m2 were applied as CK1 and CK2, respectively. Three treatments were set: organic water-soluble fertilizer 50 L per 667 m2 (T1), 5 kg pinghengtong water-soluble fertilizer per 667 m2+25 L organic water-soluble fertilizer per 667 m2 (T2), 0.75 kg potassium dihydrogen phosphate water-soluble fertilizer per 667 m2+25 L organic water-soluble fertilizer per 667 m2 (T3). The results showed that the treatment of applying 25 L of organic water-soluble fertilizer +5 kg of balanced water-soluble fertilizer per 667 m2 (T2) had the best comprehensive effect on improving quality and yield of greenhouse cucumber, providing a theoretical basis for partially replacing chemical fertilizers with organic water-soluble fertilizers. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of fertilization on the yield and benefit of fresh autumn soybean HUANG Hongming, WU Meijuan, WANG Nuan, CAO Chunxin, FU Xujun, WU Zaogui 2025, 66 (1):  111-114.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20231176 Abstract ( 63 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1162KB) ( 263 )   To study the effects of different fertilizer application periods and dosages on the agronomic characters, yield and benefit of fresh autumn soybean, the results showed that the soybean plant height, pitch number, branching position and effective branching number increased with the increase of fertilizer application. The effective pods per-plant, each pod grain number, hundred-pod weight and hundred-grain weight increased first and then decreased with the increase of fertilizer application. The comprehensive results showed that base fertilizer (N 20%,P2O5 8%,K2O 12%) at 375 kg·hm-2, seedling fertilizer (containing N 46%) at 300 kg·hm-2, flower pod fertilizer (N 15%,P2O5 15%,K2O 15%) at 375 kg·hm-2, the plant growth was well, agronomic properties and fresh soybean pod commodity was good, yield and benefit was the highest. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of greenhouse facilities on the flowering and fruit quality of Myrica rubra LAN Haiyan, QIU Zhongcan, DING Fei, QI Xingjiang, QIU Dongliang, ZHENG Xiliang, LIANG Senmiao, ZHANG Shuwen 2025, 66 (1):  115-119.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20231071 Abstract ( 74 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (2793KB) ( 282 )   The temperature and humidity changes, as well as the differences in flowering, fruit development, and quality formation of Myrica rubra, between greenhouse and open field cultivation, were analyzed using the Chise variety as the test material. It was found that the daily average temperature in the greenhouse during the experimental period was 21.3 ℃, and the accumulated temperature was 3 869.4 ℃, which was 10.1 and 1 826.5 ℃ higher than that in the open field, respectively. The average humidity was slightly lower than that of open field cultivation. At the same time, the flowering period of females and males Myrica rubra in the greenhouse was advanced by 29 and 11 days respectively, and the flowering period was the same. The growth of male Myrica rubra flowers in facility cultivation increased, and the pollen collection rate increased to 81.2%. Compared with open field cultivation, greenhouse Myrica rubra ripened 17 days earlier, with an increase of 21.5% in average single fruit weight, 1.3 percentage points in soluble solids content, and 33.7% in total sugar content, respectively. The total acid content decreases by 13.6%, and the fruit drop rate decreases by 15.6 percentage points. The yield of individual Myrica rubra in greenhouses increased by 30.0% to 49.1%, the commercial fruit rate increased by 19.8 to 27.3 percentage points, the high-quality fruit rate increased by 11.9 to 12.7 percentage points, the sale price of commercial fruit and high-quality fruit doubled, and the comprehensive benefits significantly improved. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Preliminary screening of leaf regeneration systems of five cultivated strawberry varieties LI Wenqing, YANG Zhengwei, MENG Geng, WANG Yiyi, HOU Juan, WANG Zhihao, SUN Kaile 2025, 66 (1):  120-126.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20231121 Abstract ( 61 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (6606KB) ( 206 )   In order to alleviate the problem that the number of stem tips of some varieties could not meet the production demand of virus-free strawberry seedlings, and screen different strawberry varieties of the most suitable leaf age for leaf induction in vitro, Taoxun, Poinsettia, Suizhu, Qianberry 1 and Yuexiu were used as experimental materials. The effects of in vitro induction medium (MS+0.5 mg·L-1 6-BA+1.5 mg·L-1TDZ+0.2 mg·L-1NAA) on different strawberry varieties and leaf ages were studied. At the same time, the effects of different carving methods on callus induction were studied by using Suizhu leaves as explants. The results showed that the induction rate of adventitious buds in Poinsettia and Taoxun was higher under MS+0.5 mg·L-1 6-BA+1.5 mg·L-1 TDZ+0.2 mg·L-1 NAA. Suizhu is suitable for the treatment of mixed carving methods on the edge and back of leaves, which is beneficial to improve the callus induction rate. The above results showed that some strawberry varieties could be induced in vitro by the same medium which could improve the production efficiency of virus-free seedlings. The callus quantities of some strawberry varieties was affected by different carving methods. The callus induction rate of leaves could be improved by selecting suitable carving methods. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Cultivation and screening of new cultivars of Ranunculus asiaticus L. in Venlo greenhouse XU Min, ZHANG Fujian, SONG Jiawei, GU Jingyu, SHENG Haian, LEI Lifeng, YAO Wenwu, LU Yan, GONG Kai, JIANG Huiping 2025, 66 (1):  127-132.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230992 Abstract ( 54 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1840KB) ( 209 )   Ranunculus asiaticus L. has high ornamental and economic value, and its introduction and cultivation are of great significance to enrich the flower species in the Chongming District of Shanghai. In order to explore the planting performance of new cultivars of Ranunculus asiaticus L. in Venlo greenhouse in the Chongming District of Shanghai City, Ranunculus asiaticus L. was used as the material at the flower germplasm protection base in Chongming District, Shanghai City. Potted cultivation was adopted, and 6 cultivars in 3 series were screened: A, elegant series (BIANCO59-99); B, elegant series (CREAM43-99); C, elegant series (ROSA CHIARO 2P1O); D, success series (LAMBADA); E, success series (GRAND PASTEL); F, butterfly series (IGLOO). The results showed that there were significant differences in the growth indicators among the cultivars. Cultivar B had the highest germination rate and seedling rate, reaching 99.15% and 98.55%, respectively. In terms of plant height and stem diameter, cultivar C had the highest plant height, which was significantly different from other cultivars; cultivar A had the thickest stem, reaching 3.68 mm, which was significantly different from cultivars B, E, and F. In addition, there were certain differences in the number of flowers per plant and the number of harvested bulbs among the cultivars. At 150 days after planting, cultivar D had the highest average number of flowers per plant, reaching 1.08; cultivar C had the most harvested bulbs, and cultivar B had the highest proportion of large bulbs. In comprehensive comparison, cultivars B and C performed better, with stronger adaptability and higher yield, and are suitable for promotion in Chongming District. This experiment can provide theoretical guidance for the development of the cut flower and potted flower industries in Chongming District. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Tissue culture and rapid propagation of Hibiscus hamabo ZHENG Xu, ZHAO Wenjing, WANG Xiaoxiao, LIU Xingman 2025, 66 (1):  133-137.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230710 Abstract ( 61 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1190KB) ( 234 )   Hibiscus hamabo with axillary bud stem segment was used as the test material. The effects of different disinfection treatments on explants and the effects of different plant growth regulators on axillary bud induction, proliferation culture and rooting culture were studied by tissue culture method. The results showed that the most suitable disinfection method for Hibiscus hamabo explants was 50% 84 disinfectant for 15 min, the contamination rate was 0, and the browning rate was 12.22%. The most suitable induction medium was MS+30 g·L-1 sucrose+7 g·L-1 agar+0.5 mg·L-1 6-BA+0.05 mg·L-1 NAA, and the germination rate was 88.89%. The most suitable medium for proliferation was MS+30 g·L-1 sucrose+7 g·L-1 agar+1.0 mg·L-1 6-BA+0.20 mg·L-1 NAA, and the proliferation coefficient was 2.01. The most suitable rooting medium was 1/2 MS+30 g·L-1 sucrose+7 g·L-1 agar+0.1 mg·L-1 IBA, and the rooting rate was 91.11%. In this study, a complete tissue culture and rapid propagation system of Hibiscus hamabo was established, which provided a reference for genetic transformation breeding and factory production of Hibiscus hamabo. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Overview of active components and applications of plant derived fungicides in China WANG Jiali, MA Yan, GAO Qian, LU Zhaojun, ZHANG Jianmei, WANG Lianhong, WANG Wenping 2025, 66 (1):  138-145.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20231018 Abstract ( 155 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF (3061KB) ( 313 )   Plant derived fungicides utilize the natural active ingredients and their derivatives contained in plants to kill or inhibit plant pathogens. They have the advantages of biodegradability, environmental friendliness, and are effective through multiple mechanisms without easily developing drug resistance. Therefore, they have received widespread attention and become one of the hotspots in the research of new pesticides. This article retrieved the approval status of plantderived fungicides from the China Pesticide Information Network, summarized the registration information of plant derived fungicides in China from January 2009 to August 2023, sorted out the active ingredients, structural characteristics, and mechanisms of action of different types of plant derived fungicides, and summarized the formulation, application methods, and dosage characteristics of the products. We have systematically sorted and analyzed the basic situation of existing registered plant derived fungicides, which provides inspiration for exploring novel plant derived fungicidal active ingredients in the future, and also indicates directions for the development of related new pesticide products and technologies. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Investigation of hosts and distribution of Alternaria brassicicola causing black spot of Cruciferae vegetables in Zhejiang Province WANG Yuxi, LIU Min, JIA Xingyu, ZHANG Zhen, ZHANG Jinming 2025, 66 (1):  146-149.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240761 Abstract ( 73 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (3465KB) ( 237 )   Black spot is an important worldwide fungal disease in Cruciferae vegetables. It can spread far away through seed carrying, which can harm the leaves, stems, fruits and other parts of Cruciferae vegetables, causing serious quality and yield losses. Black spot is caused by three specialized pathogens, including Alternaria brassicicola, Alternaria brassicae, and Alternaria japonica. Black spot of Cruciferae vegetables in southern China is mostly caused by Alternaria brassicicola. In order to clarify the damage status of black spot in Zhejiang Province, this study used molecular identification techniques to investigate the infection host and distribution range of Alternaria brassicicola in the whole province. The results indicated the number of detected Alternaria brassicicola in the five major categories of Cruciferae host plants from high to low was Chinese cabbage> rapeseed> mustard>cabbage>radish. Among the 89 districts or counties in 11 prefecture-level cities, Alternaria brassicicola was detected in 27 districts or counties, accounting for 30.3%, and Alternaria brassicicola was detected in 9 cities, accounting for 81.8%. Alternaria brassicicola is widely distributed across Zhejiang Province and poses a significant threat to numerous host plants. Therefore, it is essential to strengthen control and prevention efforts. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Control effects of different concentrations of two herbicides, single agent and compound agent on broad-leaved weeds in rapeseed field HUANG Qian 2025, 66 (1):  158-162.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230962 Abstract ( 81 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1178KB) ( 262 )   In order to screen the efficient and safe chemical herbicides for weeds in direct seeding rape field in Jiangsu Province, 50% chlorchloride, 30% ammonia·dichloropyridine and their compounds were sprayed on the stem and leaves of weeds at the seedling stage of rape field, and the control effects after the spraying were compared. The results showed that the optimal treatment was 30 mL of 50% chlorchloride suspension and 30 mL of 30% ammonia·dichloropyridine for 667 m2 to control Medicago minima, Phytolacca acinosa Roxb. and Galium spurium. The plant control efficacy of 30 mL of 50% chlorchloride suspension and 30 mL of 30% ammonia·dichloropyridine for 667 m2 on broad-leaved weeds was 85.73% 14 days after spraying, which was significantly better than that of 60 mL of 50% chlorchloride suspension for 667 m2. The plant and fresh weight control efficacy of optimal treatment of 105 days after spraying were 96.82% and 96.46%, respectively, and the plant control effect was significantly better than that of 50 mL 30% ammonia·dichloropyrimida, 60 and 80 mL 50% chlorchloride suspension. The fresh weight control effect of 105 days after spraying was significantly better than that of 50 mL 30% ammonia·dichloropyrimida, and very significantly better than that of 60 and 80 mL 50% chloropyridin treatment. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Determination of silicon content in plant samples by sodium carbonate alkali fusion ash-inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy XU Rongrong, RUAN Zebin, HU Tiejun, ZHOU Fei 2025, 66 (1):  163-167.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240515 Abstract ( 58 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1192KB) ( 204 )   In this study, a method for determining silicon (Si) content in plant samples using sodium carbonate alkali fusion ash-inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) has been established. The method involves ashing a suitable amount of sample at 600 ℃ in a muffle furnace, fusing the ash with sodium carbonate at 950 ℃, and extracting the fusion residue with dilute hydrochloric acid before measuring the Si content using ICP-OES. The results indicated that under optimal conditions, the method has a detection limit of 6 mg·kg-1 and a quantification limit of 24 mg·kg-1, with precision and accuracy meeting relevant standards. When applied to actual plant samples, this method showed a relative error of -16.4% to 10.5% compared with the standard materials, meeting the accuracy requirements specified in the “Technical Requirements for Ecological Geochemical Evaluation of Biological Samples” (DD2005-03), which stipulates that the relative error (RE) between the analytical mean and the recommended value of the standard material should be≤30%. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparison of quality of different shaped yellow tea processed from Zhonghuang 1 AO Cun, SHI Daliang, NIU Xiaojun, ZHANG Lin, GUO Minming, ZHAO Yun 2025, 66 (1):  168-171.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20231004 Abstract ( 51 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1157KB) ( 268 )   To understand the suitability of processing yellow tea, develop different shapes of yellow tea products, and enhance industrial vitality, the fresh leaves of Zhonghuang 1 tea tree variety were processed into five different shapes of yellow tea products. Through sensory evaluation and physical and chemical composition analysis, the results showed that Zhonghuang 1 has good suitability for processing yellow tea. The quality of processed curled- and flower-shaped yellow tea is better, with a tender yellow color, fresh and moist aroma, sweet and mellow taste, and a infusion aroma. Different shaping techniques have a significant impact on the quality of yellow tea, with a greater effect on the dissolution of physical and chemical components than on its absolute content. Excessive shaping time will significantly increase the concentration of ester catechins, thereby increasing bitterness and reducing taste quality. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Review of bioactive components in mulberry resources and their applications REN Xiaorong, QI Peipei, WANG Xinquan, WANG Meng, ZHANG Shanying, ZHANG Chenghui 2025, 66 (1):  172-178.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20231213 Abstract ( 66 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF (1254KB) ( 277 )   Mulberry resources mainly include mulberry leaves, mulberry and mulberry white bark, etc. It is of great significance for the development of mulberry industry to excavate the bioactive components in mulberry resources. In this paper, the research focus of bioactive ingredients of mulberry resources in recent years, such as alkaloids, polysaccharides, polyphenols, flavonoids, etc., and their applications in the prevention or treatment of chronic diseases, functional food raw materials and additives, livestock feed and other fields were introduced. The purpose of this review is to provide reference for the deep processing and utilization of mulberry resources and product research and development, and help the healthy and sustainable development of mulberry industry. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of the ratio of nitrogen and phosphorus on aquaculture water of Litopenaeus vannamei YANG Qingman, QIU Qing, MAO Huahua, FU Hao, PI Xionge 2025, 66 (1):  179-183.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230939 Abstract ( 61 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (4102KB) ( 227 )   Litopenaeus vannamei is one of the three most highly produced prawn species globally. However, increasing breeding density has led to decay and decomposition of feed residues and excrement of Litopenaeus vannamei. This process results in abnormal fluctuations of nutrient elements within the water, particularly nitrogen and phosphorus, thereby affects the water quality of aquaculture water, causing diseases and deaths of Litopenaeus vannamei. This experiment observed and compared the changes in algae, nitrogen phosphorus ratio, pH value, dissolved oxygen content (DO), ammonia nitrogen content, and nitrite content in three culture ponds of Litopenaeus vannamei, analyzed and explored the relationship between water color changes and algae, as well as the influence of nitrogen phosphorus ratio on water quality, which provided theoretical support for aquaculture production. In the early stage of Litopenaeus vannamei, appropriate fertilization should be applied, and in the later stage of farming, photosynthetic bacteria, Bacillus, EM bioactive bacteria should be added appropriately. Scientific feeding and oxygenation should be carried out to maintain good water quality in the pond. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on the prediction of dissolved oxygen content in aquaculture water XU Hui, DENG Haoran, WANG Zhongpei, ZHOU Lele, QIAN Rong 2025, 66 (1):  184-188.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240561 Abstract ( 58 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (4492KB) ( 221 )   Dissolved oxygen, as a key water quality factor in aquaculture, is closely related to the yield and quality of aquatic products, and accurate prediction of dissolved oxygen content and changes is of great significance for ensuring the safety of aquaculture. In this study, the dissolved oxygen data of the collected aquaculture water were preprocessed, and then combined with the long and short-term memory (LSTM) neural network algorithm, the prediction model of the dissolved oxygen content of the aquaculture water was constructed to predict the dissolved oxygen concentration data at different times in the future, and the prediction accuracy of the prediction model of the dissolved oxygen content of aquaculture water was verified through different prediction accuracy indicators, in order to provide reference for the subsequent research on the prediction of dissolved oxygen content in aquaculture water. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of fermentation on hypoglycemic active ingredients in natural mulberry leaves GUO Jieli, GAO Xin, YANG Limei, LIN Zhengshan, PAN Gebo 2025, 66 (1):  189-196.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20231233 Abstract ( 57 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (6386KB) ( 275 )   Fresh mulberry leaf sprouts were selected as the research object, and the traditional black tea fermentation process was used to improve the contents of hypoglycemic active ingredients in natural mulberry leaves through fermentation. The contents of different hypoglycemic active ingredients was used as a comprehensive evaluation index, and the different processing conditions affecting the fermentation effect were optimized through single factor test and response surface test, and the optimal fermentation process parameters were determined. The results showed that the contents of total alkaloids, total flavonoids and total polysaccharides in mulberry leaves increased by 27.92%, 28.71% and 20.10%, respectively, compared with natural mulberry leaves under the conditions of fermentation temperature of 40 ℃, fermentation time of 8.70 h and fermentation humidity of 85%. In conclusion, fermentation treatment can help to increase the content of effective hypoglycemic active ingredients in natural mulberry leaves, which can provide a reference for promoting the efficient utilization of natural mulberry leaves and increasing their added value. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of the “detection and elimination method” in the purification of animal diseases in large-scale pig farms in Wenzhou WU Bo, ZHANG Guoyong, ZHAO Yan, MA Wufei, ZHOU Xuanlun 2025, 66 (1):  197-200.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240564 Abstract ( 56 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1138KB) ( 235 )   In order to promote and improve the purification of animal diseases, this study takes the “detection and elimination method” as the core, and integrates purification technologies such as background investigation, immune program optimization, immune interference analysis, and biosafety system improvement. A large-scale pig farm in Wenzhou was taken as a demonstration site, with O-type aftosa virus and African swine fever virus as purification objects. After the purification was implemented, the production and epidemic prevention indicators of the pig farm had been improved. The qualified rate of aftosa virus immune antibodies had increased from 76.84% to 91.09%, the positive rate of aftosa virus wild-type antibodies had decreased from 4.21% to 0, the positive rate of aftosa virus wild-type nucleic acid had decreased from 3.68% to 0, and the positive rate of African swine fever virus wild-type nucleic acid had remained at zero. After four years of tracking and monitoring in the demonstration site, it has been promoted to more than 10 large-scale pig farms in the city. The overall qualified rate of O-type aftosa virus immune antibodies had shown an increasing trend year by year, while the number of positive antibodies and virus nucleic acid for aftosa virus had shown an overall decreasing trend year by year. The number of positive nucleic acid tested for African swine fever virus had been tracked and monitored over the years with a zero. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress of cover crop application and feed conversion WANG Guanghui, CHEN Xiangfu, ZHOU Kaixuan, WEI Ping, ZHANG Linxi, ZHOU Xuyuan 2025, 66 (1):  201-210.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20231092 Abstract ( 58 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (4404KB) ( 193 )   Promoting sustainable agricultural development and advocating conservation tillage has become a new direction of world agricultural development. Biological tillage represented by cover crops has been widely concerned by scientists at home and abroad because of its unique ecological value and field effects. Cover crop refers to the crop that fills the bare space of soil in time and space during the growth of main crop and after harvest. In winter, it can be returned to the field or used as silage, which plays an important role in the growth of main crops and the improvement of soil properties. Based on the research at home and abroad, this paper briefly introduced the field application of cover crops, including the origin, species, function, management mode and feed use of cover crops, and expounded many benefits of cover crops to farmland. It is expected to provide theoretical reference for alleviating the contradiction between grain and forage land and promoting the field application of cover crops. Promoting sustainable agricultural development and advocating conservation tillage has become a new direction of world agricultural development. Biological tillage represented by cover crops has been widely concerned by scientists at home and abroad because of its unique ecological value and field effects. Cover crop refers to the crop that fills the bare space of soil in time and space during the growth of main crop and after harvest. In winter, it can be returned to the field or used as silage, which plays an important role in the growth of main crops and the improvement of soil properties. Based on the research at home and abroad, this paper briefly introduced the field application of cover crops, including the origin, species, function, management mode and feed use of cover crops, and expounded many benefits of cover crops to farmland. It is expected to provide theoretical reference for alleviating the contradiction between grain and forage land and promoting the field application of cover crops. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comprehensive evaluation of agricultural natural resources in Zhejiang Province WANG Meiqing, XU Ping 2025, 66 (1):  211-217.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20231028 Abstract ( 55 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF (1399KB) ( 242 )   To efficiently and reasonably allocate agricultural natural resources and ensure their sustainable and efficient utilization, this study comprehensively evaluated the guarantee degree and utilization effect of agricultural resources in Zhejiang Province from 2016 to 2020 by combining quantitative and qualitative analysis. We focused on the selected 22 specific resource indicators of five categories, including land, water, forest, fishery and climate. Based on the results, the key points and difficulties in the comprehensive development and utilization of agricultural natural resources are put forward. It has important practical significance for promoting the green and high-quality development of agriculture in Zhejiang Province. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Discussion on the rapid fertilization technology for the restoration of non-grain cultivated land JIANG Shenyue, XUE Zhaokun, JIANG Huaqin, MENG Qingjiu, SHAO Sainan, DIAO Zhihan, YU Keru, YE Zhengqian, JIANG Yugen 2025, 66 (1):  218-223.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230961 Abstract ( 83 )   HTML ( 6 )   PDF (1825KB) ( 319 )   Long-term non-grain utilization leads to soil compaction, soil organic matter content reduction, acidification, salinization, nutrient imbalance and heavy metal pollution and other soil quality degradation, especially the soil layer stripping of seedling base, resulting in thinning or even disappearance of the soil layer, which has a greater impact on soil fertility. In this experiment, the effects of different biomass carbon application rates and combined with commercial organic fertilizer on rice yield and soil fertility were analyzed, so as to obtain a better rapid fertilizer technology model for non-grain cultivated land. The results showed that compared with CK, all treatments increased the contents of alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, available potassium and organic matter in rice soil, and the application of biochar combined with 12 t·hm-2 commercial organic fertilizer had a more significant effect on the improvement. It shows that biochar plays a certain role in stabilizing soil pH value and nutrient retention, and plays a positive role in improving rice yield. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Evaluation and prediction of habitat suitability of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua in Taishun County based on MaxEnt model JIANG Wu, ZHANG Lihua, LIU Leilei, ZHANG Shusheng 2025, 66 (1):  224-231.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20231093 Abstract ( 65 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (6367KB) ( 231 )   The wild resources of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua are scarce, and the market demand is large. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the ecological suitability of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua in Taishun. In this study, 29 distribution points of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua in the wild were collected and 8 environmental variables were screened. A MaxEnt model was constructed, and the model fitting degree was high. The comparative analysis results showed that altitude, September solar radiation, annual temperature range, precipitation in the coldest quarter, pH value, August average temperature were the dominant environmental variables affecting the distribution of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua. The distribution area of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua in four suitable areas in Taishun was reclassified, and it was found that the high suitable area of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua in Taishun County was 63.01 km2. Among them, Luoyang Town, Guihu Town, Siqian Town, Sixi Town and Zhuli Town were ranked among the top. The model results were reliable, and it is suggested to protect wild resources and standardize artificial cultivation in the high suitable areas of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Discussion on the determination method of potassium content in humic acid water-soluble fertilizers CAI Wei, LOU Feng 2025, 66 (1):  232-235.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230990 Abstract ( 63 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (1143KB) ( 248 )   At present, the standard for determining potassium content in water-soluble fertilizers containing humic acid is the NY/T 1977-2010 potassium tetraphenylborate gravimetric method. This method is operated manually, the steps are relatively cumbersome, and the detection efficiency is low. Solid samples were ultrasonically treated for 6-8 min in motified method, while samples were boiled and heated for 30 min in the original method. Precipitation filtration method was compared with the flame spectrophotometer method and the inductively coupled plasma spectrometer method. It was concluded that the results of the flame photometer method were consistent with those of the precipitation method when the potassium oxide content was ≤9.5%, and the results were higher when the potassium oxide content was >9.5%. The advantage of the new method was that it could be performed in batches, with high accuracy, which greatly improved the detection efficiency. The results of inductively coupled plasma (ICP) method were significantly different from those of precipitation method and flame spectrophotometer, which were positive deviations, so it was not appropriate to measure the potassium content of humic acid water-soluble fertilizers by ICP method. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on the impact of agricultural digitization on low carbon agricultural development—based on the reality of the Yangtze River Economic Belt LI Yani, ZHANG Tianxiao, KONG Yi 2025, 66 (1):  236-242.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230881 Abstract ( 66 )   HTML ( 6 )   PDF (1229KB) ( 207 )   The integrated development of “digitization” and “low-carbon” is the main driving force for the steady promotion of high-quality development in agriculture and rural areas. In this study, the panel data from 11 provinces of the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2009 to 2020 were selected, and the effect of the mechanism of agricultural digital development on low-carbon agricultural development by individual fixed effect model was explored. The study showed that the development level of agricultural digitization has a significant effect on the development of low-carbon agriculture, and the conclusion is robust after the replacement variable method, excluding the municipality sample and the explained variables lag behind the first phase of treatment. Through heterogeneity analysis, it was shown that the promoting effect of agricultural digital development level on the development of low-carbon agriculture is mainly reflected in the upper reaches, lower reaches, major grain producing areas and non-grain producing areas of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, among which agricultural digitization has better carbon reduction effect in the lower reaches and non-grain producing areas. Accordingly, the relevant countermeasures and suggestions to improve the level of agricultural digital development are put forward to boost the development of low-carbon agriculture. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on the impact of agricultural socialized services on agricultural total factor productivity in Heilongjiang Province HAN Guanghe, JIANG Feng, WANG Yin 2025, 66 (1):  243-250.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240271 Abstract ( 61 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1216KB) ( 219 )   Based on the panel data of Heilongjiang Province from 2012 to 2021, the entropy method was used to measure the level of agricultural socialized services, and the data envelopment analysis (DEA)-Malmquist index model was used to measure the agricultural total factor productivity. Furthermore, the grey correlation degree was used to explore the degree of correlation between individual services in agricultural socialized services and the agricultural total factor productivity. The results indicated that the level of agricultural socialized services in Heilongjiang Province had steadily improved over the past decade, with an average annual growth rate of 14%. The average agricultural total factor productivity in Heilongjiang Province was 1.032, indicating an improvement in the level of agricultural production in Heilongjiang Province. The highest correlation between individual agricultural socialized services and agricultural total factor productivity was in production material services, while the correlation between processing, circulation, and sales services was not significant. Therefore, the government of Heilongjiang Province should increase its efforts in the construction of agricultural socialized services, optimize the level of various services, in order to better improve the agricultural total factor productivity. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on application of intelligent management technology in basic greenhouse based on internet of things technology WANG Weibao, LI Qun 2025, 66 (1):  251-260.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230987 Abstract ( 71 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (6452KB) ( 275 )   At present, more than 90% of the facilities in China are basic plastic greenhouses, the effect of artificial experience management is poor, and there is a lack of immediate scientific planting management technical guidance. In order to explore the intelligent planting management technology in the basic greenhouse,the intelligent planting platform for the strawberry basic greenhouse was constructed based on the internet of things technology (IoT). The platform includes expert planting standard, executive evaluation, expert Q&A, environmental perception and health diagnosis functions. It interacts with the computer platform through the user's WeChat. 24 hours monitoring-analysis-decision-control during the whole growth stage can be carried out for single strawberry. Compared with high-end intelligent greenhouses, the IoT system of this platform has no obvious difference between the monitoring-analysis-decision process, which is intelligently operated by the IoT system. Its characteristic advantage is that there is no need to spend high investment to deploy the automatic operation terminal. The management and control can be realized by replacing the automatic operation equipment with manpower, which can greatly reduce the deployment cost. After the application of the platform, the single basic greenhouse in the implementation area of the test project: the water use efficiency (WUEy) of yield and (WUEp) of output value increased by 128.55% and 226.42%, respectively; fertilizer consumption has decreased by 40%; the input cost of pesticide was reduced by 32.48%. According to the different growth stages of strawberries, the platform automatically issued the requirements of normal planting management standards to growers in the form of process sheets, and issued temporary disposal strategies to each grower based on environmental perception, so as to overcome the problems of insufficient knowledge and weak systematic management among strawberry growers in the past. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Practice and exploration of protecting and utilizing agricultural cultural heritage to empower farmers and rural common prosperity—taking Jingshan tea culture system as an example LI Xinyu, CAI Bifan, ZHOU Jiayun 2025, 66 (1):  261-266.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230713 Abstract ( 68 )   HTML ( 8 )   PDF (1163KB) ( 249 )   This paper took the Jingshan tea culture system in Yuhang as the research object, and explored the role and enlightenment of agricultural cultural heritage in rural common prosperity. The paper adopted the methods of literature analysis and case analysis, and analyzed the practical exploration of Jingshan tea culture system in protecting and inheriting agricultural cultural heritage, optimizing industrial structure, strengthening policy support and social participation, and improving rural governance and service level from the aspects of economy, ecology, culture, and society. It was found that there is a close internal connection between agricultural cultural heritage and common prosperity, which can effectively promote the comprehensive development of rural areas and achieve common prosperity of farmers. Therefore, in order to give full play to the protection and utilization value of agricultural cultural heritage and efficiently enable farmers and rural common prosperity, it is necessary to further strengthen the top-level design, strengthen policy support, promote the active participation of multiple subjects, and cultivate a new model of rural governance. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on the impact of network social interaction on risk perception of agricultural product quality and safety ZHU Kai, ZHANG Qunxiang 2025, 66 (1):  267-273.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230863 Abstract ( 63 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF (3763KB) ( 246 )   In the network era, agricultural product quality and safety incidents occur frequently. In order to promote the government and enterprises to better grasp the social interaction behaviors of consumers, and formulate and improve management measures and policies, this paper used the cognitive-emotion-ideation theory and trust transfer theory as reference, and combined the “muddy ground pickled vegetables” incident. A model of the influence of network social interaction on the risk perception of agricultural product quality and safety was constructed. A total of 406 valid questionnaires were collected. SPSS and AMOS were used to analyze the impact of online social interaction on the perception of agricultural product quality and safety risk, and the mediating role of cognitive trust on the above relationship was explored. The study found that network social interaction had a negative impact on the perception of agricultural product quality and safety risk, cognitive trust had a negative impact on the perception of agricultural product quality and safety risk, and network social interaction had a positive impact on cognitive trust. Cognitive trust could play an intermediary role between network social interaction and the perception of agricultural product quality and safety risk. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis on the development and e-commerce strategies of kiwifruit industry in Jiangshan City YANG Yuanjing, YU Jixuan, ZHOU Xinyi 2025, 66 (1):  274-280.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230788 Abstract ( 64 )   HTML ( 2147483647 )   PDF (1191KB) ( 278 )   The cultivation of kiwifruit in Jiangshan City reached a certain scale, and on this basis, accelerating industrial integration and increasing industrial added value has gradually become an important direction for the high-quality development of the local kiwifruit industry. In recent years, Jiangshan has improved the quality and yield of kiwifruit through brand cultivation and variety optimization screening. In order to promote the further development of Jiangshan kiwifruit industry, this article explores the current situation and problems in the development of Jiangshan kiwifruit industry and e-commerce strategies. It is suggested to enhance the comprehensive competitiveness of the industry through strengthening supervision, cultivating regional brands, and government policy support, so as to achieve greater results in the entire industry chain of Jiangshan kiwifruit industry in e-commerce development practice, strategic innovation, and digital upgrading. References | Related Articles | Metrics