青花菜抗黑腐病育种研究进展

doi:10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230981

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

综述了黑腐病病原菌的鉴定分类、青花菜黑腐病病原菌的侵入途径与症状、抗性种质资源鉴定及生物技术等研究进展,探讨了现存问题与未来需要加强研究的地方,为青花菜抗黑腐病育种提供参考。

Abstract:

This article summarizes the identification and classification of black rot pathogen, the invasion pathways and symptoms of broccoli black rot pathogens, identification of resistant germplasm resources and advances in biotechnology research, and discusses current problems and future areas requiring research enhancement in order to provide a reference for black rot resistance breeding in broccoli.

Key words: broccoli, black rot, resistance breeding, research progress

中图分类号:

S635

朱传帅, 马存发, 武婷, 赵辉. 青花菜抗黑腐病育种研究进展[J]. 浙江农业科学, 2024, 65(5): 1005-1011.

ZHU Chuanshuai, MA Cunfa, WU Ting, ZHAO Hui. Research progress in breeding broccoli for resistance to black rot[J]. Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 65(5): 1005-1011.

图/表 4

参考文献 65

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鉴别寄主	生理小种鉴定结果
鉴别寄主	1	2	3	4	5	6
Wirosa F₁(B.oleracea)	+	+	+	+	+	+
Just Right Hybrid Turnip (B.rapa),Line 14R of Cobra (B.napus)	+	+	+	-	+	+
Seven Top Turnip (B.rapa)	+	-	+	-	+	+
PI 199947 (B.carinata)	-	+	-	-	+	+
Florida Broad Leaf Mustard (B.juncea)	-	+	-	-	(+)	+
Miracle F₁ (B.oleracea)	+	-	-	+	-	+

鉴别寄主	生理小种鉴定结果
鉴别寄主	1	2	3	4	5	6
Wirosa F₁(B.oleracea)	+	+	+	+	+	+
Just Right Hybrid Turnip (B.rapa),Line 14R of Cobra (B.napus)	+	+	+	-	+	+
Seven Top Turnip (B.rapa)	+	-	+	-	+	+
PI 199947 (B.carinata)	-	+	-	-	+	+
Florida Broad Leaf Mustard (B.juncea)	-	+	-	-	(+)	+
Miracle F₁ (B.oleracea)	+	-	-	+	-	+

参考文献	实验材料	研究方法	研究结论
吴晓丽等^[55]	花椰菜	通过剪叶法接种抗、感黑腐病材料,检测活性氧、超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶、膜脂过氧化产物含量	接种黑腐病后,抗病品种的活性氧产生速率、超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶活性高于感病品种,而膜脂过氧化产物含量和电导率的增幅要明显低于感病品种,干物质积累速度下降幅度低于感病品种
江汉民等^[54]	花椰菜	以花椰菜抗黑腐病近等基因型C712(抗病系)和C731(感病系)为材料,利用抑制性消减杂交技术构建了一个C712受黑腐病菌诱导表达的正向消减cDNA文库,挑取阳性克隆进行测序,再比对同源蛋白序列	202条表达序列标签(EST)中参与物质及能量代谢相关的基因最多占16%和15%,涉及抗病与防御相关的序列占13%,加工和储藏的序列占7%,这些基因的表达与生长发育及抗病性密切相关
Ribeiro等^[56]	甘蓝	对感、抗黑腐病材料进行接种,检测相关蛋白变化	感病材料的光合作用相关蛋白较抗病材料显著减少,光合作用的调节对于Xcc的抗性反应至关重要
姚玉荣等^[25]	花椰菜	抗、感黑腐病花椰菜品种接种黑腐病致病菌5 d后进行高通量测序,利用RNA-Seq技术分析数据	花椰菜抗、感病品种间共有差异表达基因3 195个,其中上调表达基因1 424个,下调表达基因1 771个

参考文献	实验材料	研究方法	研究结论
吴晓丽等^[55]	花椰菜	通过剪叶法接种抗、感黑腐病材料,检测活性氧、超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶、膜脂过氧化产物含量	接种黑腐病后,抗病品种的活性氧产生速率、超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶活性高于感病品种,而膜脂过氧化产物含量和电导率的增幅要明显低于感病品种,干物质积累速度下降幅度低于感病品种
江汉民等^[54]	花椰菜	以花椰菜抗黑腐病近等基因型C712(抗病系)和C731(感病系)为材料,利用抑制性消减杂交技术构建了一个C712受黑腐病菌诱导表达的正向消减cDNA文库,挑取阳性克隆进行测序,再比对同源蛋白序列	202条表达序列标签(EST)中参与物质及能量代谢相关的基因最多占16%和15%,涉及抗病与防御相关的序列占13%,加工和储藏的序列占7%,这些基因的表达与生长发育及抗病性密切相关
Ribeiro等^[56]	甘蓝	对感、抗黑腐病材料进行接种,检测相关蛋白变化	感病材料的光合作用相关蛋白较抗病材料显著减少,光合作用的调节对于Xcc的抗性反应至关重要
姚玉荣等^[25]	花椰菜	抗、感黑腐病花椰菜品种接种黑腐病致病菌5 d后进行高通量测序,利用RNA-Seq技术分析数据	花椰菜抗、感病品种间共有差异表达基因3 195个,其中上调表达基因1 424个,下调表达基因1 771个

参考文献	实验材料	研究方法	研究结论/成果
古瑜等^[57]	花椰菜	用一对近等基因系的花椰菜C712(抗病系)和C731(感病系)品系及抗病基因供体C5,通过剪叶法接种病菌鉴定,利用cDNA-AFLP技术,研究了花椰菜黑腐病抗性在黑腐病菌侵染和非侵染条件下基因表达的情况	推测M6cDNA片段可能就是编码花椰菜中类2A6蛋白的部分基因片段,是参与花椰菜抗病反应信号途径的相关调控基因片段
Soengas等^[58]	白菜	利用甘蓝型油菜感病自交系R-o-18与B162杂交获得的114株F₂群体的223条AFLP带,构建了甘蓝型油菜10个连锁群(A01~A10)的连锁图谱,图谱总距离为664 cM	发现对1号和4号小种的抗性显著QTL聚集在A06上。在A06上,对1号和4号生理小种的抗性QTL的一致区间不重叠,表明对各生理小种的抗性是由不同但紧密连锁的QTL决定的
Doullah等^[59]	甘蓝	用感病材料:Green Commet(GC)P09作为母本和抗性DH系ReihoP01做杂交,获得F₁群体,通过自交得到F₂、F₃群体;提取亲本和94个F₂个体的DNA,做多态性检测;对F₃群体通过剪叶法做抗性鉴定	构建包含35对CAPS标记和57对SRAP标记的青花菜遗传连锁图谱,共10个连锁群,覆盖320.5 cM,平均遗传图距为3.56 cM,检测到2个与抗黑腐病相关的显著性QTL,分别是位于LG2上的CAM 1-GSA 1和位于LG9上的F12-R12 e-BORED
Kifuji等^[60]	甘蓝	分别在2009年10月(09Au)和2010年10月(10Au)使用140和142株F₂植物进行接种测试。并进行多态性分析,构建连锁图谱。	构建了一个由9个连锁群组成的连锁图,共有209个标记,定位到3个与抗性相关的QTL,QTL-1、QTL-2和QTL-3分别位于连锁群C2、C4和C5上。QTL-1的LOD值最高,加性效应最强,为主效基因
Lee等^[61]	甘蓝	通过对2个甘蓝亲本系全基因组重测序及SNP检测,以及3 a内对F₂和F₃代植株3次独立接种鉴定	构建出由368个标记组成,覆盖1 467.3 cM,相邻标记之间的平均间隔为3.88 cM的遗传图谱;定位了4个与抗黑腐病相关的位点,BRQTL-C1_1、BRQTL-C1_2、BRQTL-C3、RQTL-C6,其中BRQTL-C1_2为主效QTL
Afrin等^[62]	甘蓝	通过分析甘蓝种质的全基因组测序数据来鉴定31个NBs编码基因	发现Bol 003711、Bol 010135、Bol 010559、Bol 022784、Bol 029866等基因在甘蓝抗黑腐病机制中发挥作用