浙江农业科学

浙江农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 66 ›› Issue (3): 615-622.DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20231144

• 经济作物 • 上一篇    下一篇

楚雄K326烟叶中烟碱、总氮及氮碱比的稳定性与区划

耿少武1(), 丁以纾1,*(), 柴云霞1, 鲁耀2,*(), 林云红3, 布云虹1, 扶艳艳2, 艾可彪1, 孙嘉贤1, 张万功1, 李晓燕1, 张盛瑜2   

  1. 1.云南省烟草公司楚雄州公司,云南 楚雄 675000
    2.云南省农业科学院 农业环境资源研究所,云南 昆明 650205
    3.红塔烟草(集团)有限责任公司楚雄卷烟厂,云南 楚雄 675000
  • 收稿日期:2023-11-07 出版日期:2025-03-11 发布日期:2025-04-02
  • 通讯作者: 丁以纾,鲁耀
  • 作者简介:鲁耀(1974—),男,河南周口人,研究员,从事植物营养与新型肥料的研发,作物栽培、施肥与作物品质关系研究,E-mail:497232752@qq.com。
    丁以纾(1973—),男,云南楚雄人,农艺师,从事烟草栽培技术研究与推广工作,E-mail: Dnysh@126.com;
    耿少武(1967—),男,云南楚雄人,农艺师,从事烟草植保、烘烤和栽培的科研推广工作,E-mail:2835586868@qq.com。
  • 基金资助:
    中国烟草总公司云南省公司重大科技项目(2023530000241019)

Stability and regionalization of nicotine, total nitrogen and nitrogen-nicotine ratio in Chuxiong K326 tobacco leaves

GENG Shaowu1(), DING Yishu1,*(), CHAI Yunxia1, LU Yao2,*(), LIN Yunhong3, BU Yunhong1, FU Yanyan2, AI Kebiao1, SUN Jiaxian1, ZHANG Wangong1, LI Xiaoyan1, ZHANG Shengyu2   

  1. 1. Chuxiong Tobacco Company of Yunnan Province, Chuxiong 675000, Yunnan
    2. Agricultural Environment and Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205, Yunnan
    3. Chuxiong Cigarette Factory of Hongta Tobacco Group Co., Ltd., Chuxiong 675000, Yunnan
  • Received:2023-11-07 Online:2025-03-11 Published:2025-04-02
  • Contact: DING Yishu,LU Yao

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摘要：

针对影响楚雄烟区主栽品种K326烟叶质量的烟碱、总氮含量及氮碱比等化学品质指标,开展稳定性分析及以乡镇为单元的区划研究。结果表明,楚雄烟区K326烟碱及氮碱比绝对稳定性处于中等程度,烟碱含量相对稳定性表现为上部叶总体较好,中部叶尚好至较好,下部叶总体为好。上、中部叶烟碱含量低于优质烟叶质量目标要求的样点分别为42.80%、46.68%。上、中部叶氮碱比相对稳定性总体尚好,下部叶氮碱比相对稳定性差。上、中、下部叶氮碱比高于优质烟叶质量目标要求的样点分别为57.85%、48.47%、66.10%。总氮含量绝对稳定性变异程度整体较小。因此,通过提高烟碱含量来降低氮碱比是调控楚雄烟区K326烟叶化学成分协调性的重点途径,提高烟碱含量的主要生产技术有适当增施氮肥,适当早封顶,降低封顶高度及少留叶,通过高烟碱定向改良K326新品系,也有望取得突破,早日应用于生产。

关键词: 楚雄烟区, K326, 烟碱, 氮碱比, 稳定性, 区划

Abstract:

In view of the chemical quality indexes such as nicotine, total nitrogen content and nitrogen-nicotine ratio that affect the quality of tobacco leaves of the main variety K326 in Chuxiong tobacco-growing area, the stability analysis and the regional study of villages and towns were carried out. The results showed that the absolute stability of nicotine and nitrogen-nicotine ratio of K326 in Chuxiong tobacco area was at a moderate level. The relative stability of nicotine content was generally good in the upper leaves, fair to good in the middle leaves, and good in the lower leaves. The content of nicotine in the upper and middle leaves was lower than that of the quality target of high-quality tobacco leaves, which was 42.80% and 46.68%, respectively. The relative stability of nitrogen-nicotine ratio in upper and middle leaves was generally fair, while that in lower leaves was poor. The nitrogen-nicotine ratios of upper, middle and lower leaves were 57.85%, 48.47% and 66.10%, respectively, which were higher than the quality requirements of high-quality tobacco leaves. The absolute stability variation of total nitrogen content was small. Reducing the nitrogen-nicotine ratios by increasing nicotine content is the key way to regulate the coordination of chemical components of K326 tobacco leaves in Chuxiong tobacco-growing areas. The main production techniques to increase nicotine content include appropriate increase of nitrogen fertilizer, appropriate early topping, reduction of topping height and less leaf retention. It is also expected to make breakthroughs and apply them to production as soon as possible by directional improvement of K326 new lines with high nicotine.

Key words: Chuxiong tobacco area, K326, nicotine, nitrogen-nicotine ratio, stability, regionalization

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