养鸡场周边种植区叶菜中喹诺酮类药物残留特征研究

doi:10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20231175

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本研究采用高效液相色谱-串联质谱分析技术,对杭州市4个养鸡场周边种植区叶菜中喹诺酮类药物的含量进行分析,结果表明,不同品种的叶菜中恩诺沙星(ENR)、环丙沙星(CIP)、诺氟沙星(NOR)和洛美沙星(LOM)的检出率为41%~100%,喹诺酮类药物总含量(Σ QNs)为0.89~95.74 μg·kg^-1, 其中总含量在10.00~50.00 μg·kg^-1 占比50.06%,总含量低于10.00 μg·kg^-1和高于50.00 μg·kg^-1占比分别为41.47%、8.47%,喹诺酮类药物总含量平均值为11.83 μg·kg^-1。不同品种中的喹诺酮类药物残留平均值依次为:大白菜>油麦菜>莴苣>菠菜。叶菜中NOR不仅检出率高达100%,其最大值和平均值分别为70.31和9.44 μg·kg^-1,残留量远高于其他3种药物。虽然叶菜中QNs含量不高,但人们长期低剂量摄入抗生素,易诱导细菌产生耐药性,因此,抗生素的不合理使用对环境的影响不容忽视。

关键词: 叶菜, 喹诺酮类药物, 抗生素, 残留

Abstract:

In this study, the content of quinolones in leafy vegetables from four chicken farms around Hangzhou City was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). The results clarified that the detection rates of enrofloxacin (ENR), ciprofloxacin (CIP), norfloxacin (NOR) and lomefloxacin (LOM) in different varieties of leafy vegetables ranged from 41% to 100%, and the total content of quinolones(Σ QNs) ranged from 0.89-95.74 μg·kg^-1, of which 10.00-50.00 μg·kg^-1accounted for 50.06%, and the proportions below 10.00 μg·kg^-1and above 50.00 μg·kg^-1 were 41.47% and 8.47% respectively, with an average of 11.83 μg·kg^-1.The average of quinolone residues in different varieties was:Chinese cabbage>leafy lettuce>lettuce>spinach. The detection rate of NOR in leafy vegetables was as high as 100%, and its maximum and average values were 70.31 and 9.44 μg·kg^-1, respectively, which were much higher than the other three drugs. Although the content of QNs in leafy vegetables is not high, the long-term low-dose intake of antibiotics is easy to induce bacterial resistance, so the environmental impact of the irrational use of antimicrobials should not be ignored.

Key words: leafy vegetables, quinolones, antibiotics, residues

中图分类号:

S636
S481

柳爱春, 查燕, 白俊慧, 何欣, 刘超. 养鸡场周边种植区叶菜中喹诺酮类药物残留特征研究[J]. 浙江农业科学, 2025, 66(3): 719-723.

LIU Aichun, ZHA Yan, BAI Junhui, HE Xin, LIU Chao. Characterization of quinolone residues in leafy vegetables from growing areas around chicken farms[J]. Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 66(3): 719-723.

图/表 4

图1 叶菜中喹诺酮类药物总含量分布特征

Fig.1 Characterization of the distribution of total content of quinolones in leafy vegetables

表1 杭州市养鸡场周边种植区域叶菜中喹诺酮类药物含量分布特征

Table 1 Distribution characteristics of content of quinolone in leafy vegetables in growing areas from chicken farms around Hangzhou City

化合物	检出率/ %	最大值/ (μg·kg^-1)	最小值/ (μg·kg^-1)	平均值/ (μg·kg^-1)	标准偏差/%
NOR	100	70.31	0.17	9.44	10.93
CIP	74	10.46	0.12	1.78	1.84
LOM	41	29.62	ND	0.38	2.46
ENR	100	0.35	0.21	0.29	0.25
∑ QNs	100	95.74	0.89	11.83	13.26

图2 叶菜中4种喹诺酮类药物含量分布特征

Fig.2 Distribution characteristics of content of quinolones in leafy vegetables

图3 不同种类叶菜中喹诺酮类药物总含量特征

Fig.3 Characteristics of the total content of quinolones in different species of leafy vegetables

参考文献 21

[1]	WU Q D, ZOU D S, ZHENG X C, et al. Effects of antibiotics on anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge: performance of anaerobic digestion and structure of the microbial community[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2022, 845:157384.
[2]	LIU C, CHEN Y X, LI X H, et al. Temporal effects of repeated application of biogas slurry on soil antibiotic resistance genes and their potential bacterial hosts[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2020, 258: 113652.
[3]	CHEN H Y, ZHENG W F, SHEN X M, et al. Occurrence, distribution, and ecological risk assessment of antibiotics in different environmental media in Anqing, Anhui Province, China[J]. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2021, 18(15): 8112.
[4]	CONGILOSI J L, AGA D S. Review on the fate of antimicrobials, antimicrobial resistance genes, and other micropollutants in manure during enhanced anaerobic digestion and composting[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2021, 405: 123634.
[5]	谭建华, 唐才明, 余以义, 等. 高效液相色谱法同时分析城市河水中的多种抗生素[J]. 色谱, 2007, 25(4): 546-549.
[6]	徐维海, 张干, 邹世春, 等. 典型抗生素类药物在城市污水处理厂中的含量水平及其行为特征[J]. 环境科学, 2007, 28(8): 1779-1783.
[7]	徐维海, 张干, 邹世春, 等. 香港维多利亚港和珠江广州河段水体中抗生素的含量特征及其季节变化[J]. 环境科学, 2006, 27(12): 2458-2462.
[8]	TERNES T A, JOSS A, SIEGRIST H. Scrutinizing pharmaceuticals and personal care products in wastewater treatment[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2004, 38(20): 392A-399A.
[9]	刘文秀, 郭鹄飞, 王兰, 等. 污染物对无脊椎动物乙酰胆碱酯酶活性的影响研究进展[J]. 安徽农业科学, 2018, 46(2): 4-7.
[10]	LIU X Y, ZHANG J Q, GBADEGESIN L A, et al. Modelling approaches for linking the residual concentrations of antibiotics in soil with antibiotic properties and land-use types in the largest urban agglomerations in China: a review[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2022, 838: 156141.
[11]	HANNA N D, SUN P, SUN Q, et al. Presence of antibiotic residues in various environmental compartments of Shandong Province in Eastern China: its potential for resistance development and ecological and human risk[J]. Environment International, 2018, 114: 131-142.
[12]	卢金连, 杜明慧, 潘运安, 等. 有机蔬菜中喹诺酮类抗生素污染特征与风险评价[J]. 环境科学与技术, 2021, 44(3): 209-217.
[13]	KUCHTA S L, CESSNA A J. Lincomycin and spectinomycin concentrations in liquid swine manure and their persistence during simulated manure storage[J]. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 2009, 57(1): 1-10.
[14]	王健, 刘媛, 闫凤岐, 等. 4种有机蔬菜与普通蔬菜品质比较研究[J]. 食品工业, 2018, 39(12):151-154.
[15]	刘元望, 李兆君, 冯瑶, 等. 微生物降解抗生素的研究进展[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2016, 35(2):212-224.
[16]	JAISWAL D K, VERMA J P. The significance of plant-associated microbial rhizosphere for the degradation of xenobiotic compounds[M]//SINGH A, PRASAD S M, SINGH R P, eds. Plant responses to xenobiotics, 2016: 307-316.
[17]	PAGÉ A P, YERGEAU É, GREER C W. Salix purpurea stimulates the expression of specific bacterial xenobiotic degradation genes in a soil contaminated with hydrocarbons[J]. PLoS One, 2015, 10(7):e0132062.
[18]	赵方凯, 杨磊, 李守娟, 等. 长三角典型城郊土壤抗生素空间分布的影响因素研究[J]. 环境科学学报, 2018, 38(3):1163-1171.
[19]	XIANG L, WU X L, JIANG Y N, et al. Occurrence and risk assessment of tetracycline antibiotics in soil from organic vegetable farms in a subtropical city, South China[J]. Environmental Science and Pollution Research International, 2016, 23(14):13984-13995.
[20]	成登苗, 李兆君, 张雪莲, 等. 畜禽粪便中兽用抗生素削减方法的研究进展[J]. 中国农业科学, 2018, 51(17):3335-3352.
[21]	WU X L, XIANG L, YAN Q Y, et al. Distribution and risk assessment of quinolone antibiotics in the soils from organic vegetable farms of a subtropical city, Southern China[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2014,487:399-406.