浙江农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 66 ›› Issue (6): 1518-1525.DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240273

• 资源与环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

江苏南部重要湿地入侵植物分布状况及生物多样性效应

王哲(), 张涵博, 王淼, 张晴晴, 刘茂松()   

  1. 南京大学 生命科学学院,江苏 南京 210023
  • 收稿日期:2024-04-02 出版日期:2025-06-11 发布日期:2025-06-23
  • 通讯作者: 刘茂松(1965—),男,江苏沭阳人,副教授,博士,研究方向为湿地生态学,E-mail: msliu@nju.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:王哲(1998—),女,江苏连云港人,硕士,研究方向为湿地生态学,E-mail: wangzhe_kayla@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(2022YFF1301001)

Distribution and biodiversity effects of invasive plants in important wetlands in southern Jiangsu Province

WANG Zhe(), ZHANG Hanbo, WANG Miao, ZHANG Qingqing, LIU Maosong()   

  1. School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu
  • Received:2024-04-02 Online:2025-06-11 Published:2025-06-23

摘要:

为明确江苏省长江及以南地区典型湿地外来入侵植物及其与本地植物多样性之间的关系,选择太湖及石臼湖区域典型湿地为研究区域进行植物调查,分析外来入侵植物丰富度与本地植物丰富度、外来入侵植物入侵系数与本地植物物种多样性的相关性。结果表明,共发现高等维管束植物625种,其中外来入侵植物28种,隶属于12科21属,其中菊科为优势科、一年生草本居多,加拿大一枝黄花(Solidago canadensis)和阿拉伯婆婆纳(Veronica persica)的入侵频数较高,分布较广泛,金鸡菊(Coreopsis basalis)和灰绿藜(Chenopodium glaucum)的优势度最大。研究区外来入侵植物显著降低了本地植物多样性,外来植物入侵强度系数和本地植物丰富度、Shannon-Wiener指数、Simpson指数、Pielou指数均呈显著负相关关系(P<0.05)。

关键词: 湿地, 入侵植物, 物种多样性, 群落特征, 植物群落

Abstract:

In order to clarify the relationship between alien invasive plants and diversity of native plant in typical wetlands in the Yangtze River and its southern regions in Jiangsu Province, the typical wetlands in Taihu Lake and Shijiu Lake were selected as the research areas for plant investigation, and the correlation between the richness of alien invasive plants and the richness of native plants, as well as the invasion coefficient of alien invasive plants and the diversity of native plant species were analyzed. The results showed that a total of 625 species of higher vascular plants were found in the survey, including 28 species of invasive plants belonging to 21 genera and 12 families. Among them, Compositae was the dominant family, with the majority being annual herbs. Solidago canadensis and Veronica persica had a high frequency of invasion and a wide distribution. Coreopsis basalis and Chenopodium glaucum had the greatest dominance. The alien invasive plants in the study area significantly reduced the diversity of native plants, and the invasion coefficient of alien invasive plants was significantly negatively correlated with the richness, the Shannon-Wiener index, the Simpson index, and the Pielou index of native plants(P < 0.05).

Key words: wetlands, invasive plants, species diversity, community characteristics, plant community

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