野生种和栽培种浙贝母根际土壤细菌群落结构分析及伴生菌群挖掘

doi:10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250185

浙江农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 66 ›› Issue (9): 2137-2146.DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250185

野生种和栽培种浙贝母根际土壤细菌群落结构分析及伴生菌群挖掘

蔡龙¹(), 孙健¹^,²^,^*(), 王盼³, 沈阳辉³, 江建铭¹^,², 王志安¹

1.浙江省中药研究所有限公司,浙江杭州 310023
2.道地药材品质保障与资源持续利用全国重点实验室, 北京 100700
3.磐安县中药创新发展研究院,浙江金华 322305

收稿日期:2025-03-13 出版日期:2025-09-11 发布日期:2025-10-14
通讯作者: 孙健(1988—),男,高级工程师,博士,研究方向为中药材抗性育种和生态栽培工作,E-mail: 21116025@zju.edu.cn。
作者简介:蔡龙(1997—),男,助理工程师,硕士,研究方向为中药材新品种选育工作,E-mail: 18846428480@163.com。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划资助项目(2022YFC3501500);名贵中药资源可持续利用能力建设项目(2060302-2202-10);浙江省中医药现代化专项项目(2022ZX003);磐安县中药产业“揭榜挂帅”项目(PZYF202101);国家中医药管理局中医药科学技术研究专项课题(GZY-KJS-2021-020)

Analysis of bacterial community strucure in rhizosphere soil of wild and cultivated Fritillaria thunbergii Miq. and exploration of the associated flora

CAI Long¹(), SUN Jian¹^,²^,^*(), WANG Pan³, SHEN Yanghui³, JIANG Jianming¹^,², WANG Zhian¹

1. Zhejiang Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou 310023, Zhejiang
2. State Key Laboratory for Quality Insurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Beijing 100700
3. Pan'an Traditional Chinese Medicine Industry Innovation and Development Institute, Jinhua 322305, Zhejiang

Received:2025-03-13 Online:2025-09-11 Published:2025-10-14

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探究浙贝母驯化栽培过程中菌群的变化情况,筛选优势伴生菌群。采集来自不同生长环境的浙贝母根际土壤样本,使用16S rDNA测序技术对其根际土壤细菌群落进行统计分析和功能预测,筛选浙贝母优势伴生菌群。结果表明,野生种和栽培种浙贝母根际土壤细菌由51门131纲296目506科1 105属1 929种组成,α多样性分析Shannon和Chao1指数均表现为野生种浙贝母根际土壤菌落多样性高于栽培种。在门分类水平上,野生种浙贝母根际土壤的厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、酸杆菌门(Acidobacteriota)、粘菌门(Myxococcota)菌群的丰度高于栽培种,为栽培种均值的3.0倍以上;绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidota)等菌群丰度则下降,为栽培种均值的30%以下。在属分类水平上,野生种浙贝母根际土壤的剑菌属(Ensifer)等11个属的丰度高于栽培种。野生种和栽培种浙贝母根际土壤共有伴生菌属主要为假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)、α-变形菌属(Alphaproteobacteria)、慢生根瘤菌属(Bradyrhizobium)、伯克霍尔德菌属(Burkholderia)、鞘氨醇单胞菌属(Sphingomonas)。本研究为开发浙贝母微生物菌剂、优化浙贝母栽培模式、缓解栽培种浙贝母病害等奠定了基础。

关键词: 浙贝母, 根际土壤细菌, 16S rDNA

Abstract:

In order to explore the changes of flora during the domestication and cultivation of Fritillaria thunbergii Miq., and screen the dominant associated flora, the rhizosphere soil samples of Fritillaria thunbergii Miq. from different growing environments were collected, 16S rDNA sequencing technology was used to statistical analysis and functional prediction of bacterial communities in the rhizosphere soil, and the dominant associated flora of Fritillaria thunbergii Miq. were screened. The results showed that the bacteria in rhizosphere soil of wild and cultivated Fritillaria thunbergii Miq. consisted of 51 phyla, 131 classes, 296 orders, 506 families, 1 105 genera, 1 929 species. The α diversity analysis of Shannon and Chao1 index showed that the diversity of colonies of wild Fritillaria thunbergii Miq. was higher than that of cultivated Fritillaria thunbergii Miq.. At the phylum classification level, the abundance of Firmicutes, Acidobacteriota and Myxococcota in the rhizosphere soil of wild Fritillaria thunbergii Miq. was higher than that of the cultivated group, which was 3.0 times higher than the average of the cultivated group. The abundance of Chloroflexi and Bacteroidota decreased, and was less than 30% of the average value of the cultivated group. At the genus level, the abundance of 11 genera including Ensifer in the rhizosphere soil of wild Fritillaria thunbergii Miq. was higher than the mean value of the cultivated group. The common associated bacteria genera of wild and cultivated Fritillaria thunbergii Miq. were Pseudomonas, Alphaproteobacteria, Bradyrhizobium, Burkholderia and Sphingomonas. This study laid a foundation for developing microbiological agent of Fritillaria thunbergii Miq., optimizing the cultivation mode and alleviating the disease of Fritillaria thunbergii Miq.

Key words: Fritillaria thunbergii Miq., bacteria in the rhizosphere soil, 16S rDNA

中图分类号:

S567.231

蔡龙, 孙健, 王盼, 沈阳辉, 江建铭, 王志安. 野生种和栽培种浙贝母根际土壤细菌群落结构分析及伴生菌群挖掘[J]. 浙江农业科学, 2025, 66(9): 2137-2146.

CAI Long, SUN Jian, WANG Pan, SHEN Yanghui, JIANG Jianming, WANG Zhian. Analysis of bacterial community strucure in rhizosphere soil of wild and cultivated Fritillaria thunbergii Miq. and exploration of the associated flora[J]. Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 66(9): 2137-2146.

图/表 8

图1 野生种和栽培种浙贝母根际土壤细菌Venn分析和α多样性分析 “*”表示不同产地Shannon指数和Chao1指数差异显著(P<0.05),“**”表示不同产地Shannon指数和Chao1指数差异极显著(P<0.01)。

Fig.1 Venn and α diversity analysis of bacteria in rhizosphere soil of wild and cultivated Fritillaria thunbergii Miq.

图2 野生种和栽培种浙贝母根际土壤细菌β多样性分析

Fig.2 β diversity analysis of bacteria in rhizosphere soil of wild and cultivated Fritillaria thunbergii Miq.

表1 野生种和栽培种浙贝母根际土壤细菌分类统计表

Table 1 Taxonomy of bacteria in rhizosphere soil of wild and cultivated Fritillaria thunbergii Miq.

根际土壤样本	样品号	门	纲	目	科	属	种
Wft	Wft-1	32	72	150	238	365	451
	Wft-2	31	66	158	252	405	499
	Wft-3	31	53	115	190	297	370
	Wft-4	33	65	151	247	427	539
	Wft-5	33	59	138	218	354	434
	Wft-6	35	73	158	254	405	515
	平均	33	65	145	233	376	468
Zft	Zft-1	28	52	130	215	391	445
	Zft-2	30	54	115	185	316	332
	Zft-3	21	44	111	169	340	422
	Zft-4	27	47	110	176	305	326
	Zft-5	29	49	119	192	333	379
	Zft-6	34	68	152	236	434	504
	平均	28	52	123	196	353	401
Pft	Pft-1	25	40	100	166	263	315
	Pft-2	22	34	80	128	195	227
	Pft-3	19	40	95	139	229	286
	Pft-4	26	49	103	174	276	352
	Pft-5	28	46	94	151	221	253
	Pft-6	27	45	103	167	251	301
	平均	25	42	96	154	239	289
合计		51	131	296	506	1 105	1 929

图3 野生种和栽培种浙贝母根际土壤细菌组成分析

Fig.3 Composition analysis of bacteria in rhizosphere soil of wild and cultivated Fritillaria thunbergii Miq.

图4 野生种和栽培种浙贝母根际土壤细菌门的差异

Fig.4 Phylum difference of bacteria in rhizosphere soil between wild and cultivated Fritillaria thunbergii Miq.

图5 部分野生种和栽培种浙贝母根际土壤细菌属的差异

Fig.5 Genus difference of bacteria in rhizosphere soil between some wild and cultivated Fritillaria thunbergii Miq.

图6 野生种和栽培种浙贝母根际土壤细菌进化分支图与LDA值分布柱状图

Fig.6 Evolutionary branch and LDA value distribution of bacteria species in rhizosphere soil of wild and cultivated Fritillaria thunbergii Miq.

图7 野生种和栽培种浙贝母根际土壤细菌群落的PICRUSt功能预测

Fig.7 Prediction of PICRUSt function of bacterial communities in rhizosphere soil of wild and cultivated Fritillaria thunbergii Miq.

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野生种和栽培种浙贝母根际土壤细菌群落结构分析及伴生菌群挖掘

Analysis of bacterial community strucure in rhizosphere soil of wild and cultivated Fritillaria thunbergii Miq. and exploration of the associated flora

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