浙江农业科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 67 ›› Issue (9): 2240-2244.DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250420

• 植保技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

浙北小麦田杂草群落调查及其变化原因分析

解静1(), 田野2, 姚晓明3(), 沈颖3, 王偲名1, 李斌2, 宁国云1()   

  1. 1.长兴县农业技术推广服务总站,浙江 长兴 313100
    2.浙江大学 生物技术研究所,水稻生物育种全国重点实验室,农业农村部作物病虫分子生物学重点实验室,全省作物病虫生物学与生态调控重点实验室,作物病虫害生物防控技术浙江省工程研究中心,浙江 杭州 310058
    3.浙江省植保检疫与农药管理总站,浙江 杭州 310020
  • 收稿日期:2025-06-15 出版日期:2026-09-11 发布日期:2026-09-24
  • 通讯作者: 姚晓明,宁国云
  • 作者简介:宁国云,E-mail:ngycxsk@163.com。
    姚晓明,E-mail:xmyao7@126.com
    解静,主要从事农业技术推广工作。E-mail:63808259@qq.com。
  • 基金资助:
    浙江省“三农九方”科技协作计划“揭榜挂帅”项目(2023SNJF006)

Survey of weed communities in wheat fields in northern Zhejiang and analysis of their changing causes

XIE Jing1(), TIAN Ye2, YAO Xiaoming3(), SHEN Ying3, WANG Siming1, LI Bin2, NING Guoyun1()   

  1. 1.General Station of Agricultural Technology Extension of Changxing County,Changxing 313100,Zhejiang
    2.State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests,Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Biology and Ecological Regulation of Crop Pathogens and Insects,Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biological Control of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests,Institute of Biotechnology,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,Zhejiang
    3.Zhejiang Provincial Station of Plant Protection,Quarantine and Pesticide Management,Hangzhou 310020,Zhejiang
  • Received:2025-06-15 Online:2026-09-11 Published:2026-09-24
  • Contact: YAO Xiaoming,NING Guoyun

摘要:

近年来,小麦规模化生产和免耕技术的推广导致田间管理粗放,杂草危害加剧,防控难度显著上升。为探究小麦田杂草群落变化特征及其演变机制,以科学制定防控策略,本研究于2024年在浙北地区开展杂草群落调查。结果显示,看麦娘、菵草、红蓼、牛繁缕等为当地小麦田主要优势杂草种群。分析发现,种植方式转变、恶性杂草扩散、除草技术模式变迁,以及单一除草剂长期使用引发的抗药性,是杂草群落结构演替的关键驱动因素。建议通过深耕降低浅层土壤杂草种子基数,优先推广小麦播后土壤封闭处理技术,并构建“农业措施+化学防除”的综合防控策略,以有效提升杂草治理效果。

关键词: 小麦, 杂草, 优势群落, 防治效果

Abstract:

In recent years,the promotion of large-scale wheat production and no-till techniques have led to less intensive field management,exacerbating weed infestations and significantly increasing control challenges. To investigate the characteristics and evolutionary mechanisms of weed community changes in wheat fields and to provide a basis for scientific control strategies,a survey was conducted in northern Zhejiang in 2024.Results showed that Alopecurus aequalis,Beckmannia syzigachne,Persicaria orientalis,and Myosoton aquaticum were the dominant weed species. Analysis revealed that shifts in planting methods,the spread of malignant weeds,changes in weed control techniques,and herbicide resistance due to prolonged use of single herbicides were key drivers of weed community succession. Therefore,it was recommended to reduce the weed seed bank in shallow soil through deep plowing,prioritize post-sowing soil sealing techniques,and establish an integrated control strategy combining agricultural measures and chemical control to enhance weed management effectiveness.

Key words: wheat, weed, dominant communities, control effect

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