浙江农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 66 ›› Issue (12): 2910-2915.DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240632

• 经济作物 • 上一篇    下一篇

肥料增效剂对土壤养分、烤烟农艺性状和经济性状的影响

李倩1(), 张翔1, 李亮1, 司贤宗1, 索炎炎1, 程培军1, 李洪亮2, 李建华2, 宋正熊3,*()   

  1. 1.河南省农业科学院 植物营养与资源环境研究所,浙江 郑州 450002
    2.许昌市烟草公司,河南 许昌 461000
    3.洛阳市烟草公司嵩县分公司,河南 洛阳 471400
  • 收稿日期:2024-08-01 出版日期:2025-12-11 发布日期:2025-12-17
  • 通讯作者: 宋正熊(1989—),男,湖北巴东人,农艺师,硕士,研究方向为烟草科学与适用技术,E-mail:464335038@qq.com
  • 作者简介:李倩(1994—),女,河南鹤壁人,研究实习员,硕士,研究方向为作物栽培与施肥,E-mail:565241136@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    河南省烟草局重点项目(2021410000240020);河南省烟草局重点项目(20201410000240019);河南省烟草局重点项目(2023410000240026)

Effects of fertilizer synergists on soil nutrients, agronomic traits and economic characteristics of tobacco

LI Qian1(), ZHANG Xiang1, LI Liang1, SI Xianzong1, SUO Yanyan1, CHENG Peijun1, LI Hongliang2, LI Jianhua2, SONG Zhengxiong3,*()   

  1. 1. Institute of Plant Nutrient and Environmental Resources, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan
    2. Xuchang Tobacco Company, Xuchang 461000, Henan
    3. Song County Tobacco Company of Luoyang City, Luoyang 471400, Henan
  • Received:2024-08-01 Online:2025-12-11 Published:2025-12-17

摘要:

为提高肥料利用率及烟田土壤养分水平,进而提升烟叶产量与品质,本研究通过田间试验研究了添加甲壳素(T2)、胺鲜酯(T3)、油菜素内酯(T4)和聚天冬氨酸(T5)4种肥料增效剂对土壤氮含量和酶活性、烤烟农艺性状及烤后烟叶的经济性状的影响。结果表明,施用不同肥料增效剂后,土壤全氮、碱解氮和微生物量氮含量均有所提高。具体而言,土壤全氮含量在团棵期和现蕾期以T3处理最高,成熟期以T4处理最高;土壤碱解氮含量在团棵期以T5处理最高,现蕾期以T3处理最高,成熟期以T2处理最高;土壤微生物量氮含量在团棵期以T3处理最高,现蕾期和成熟期均以T5处理最高。各肥料增效剂在3个生育时期均提高了土壤中蔗糖酶、蛋白酶和过氧化氢酶活性。同时,施用肥料增效剂提高了烤后烟叶的产量、产值、均价及上等烟比例,其中T3处理表现最优。综合来看,胺鲜酯作为肥料增效剂的应用效果较佳。

关键词: 烤烟, 肥料增效剂, 土壤, 产量, 品质

Abstract:

To enhance fertilizer utilization and improve soil nutrient levels in tobacco fields, thereby increasing tobacco yield and quality, a field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of four fertilizer synergists, including chitosan(T2), diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate (DA-6)(T3), brassinolide(T4), and polyaspartic acid(T5), on soil nitrogen content, enzyme activity, agronomic traits of flue-cured tobacco, and economic characteristics of cured tobacco leaves. The results showed that the application of different fertilizer synergists increased the content of total nitrogen, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, and nitrogen in microbe in the soil. Specifically, T3 treatment resulted in the highest total nitrogen content at the rosette and budding stages, while T4 treatment showed the highest total nitrogen content at the maturity stage. The highest alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content was observed in T5 treatment at the rosette stage, T3 treatment at the budding stage, and T2 treatment at the maturity stage. T3 treatment achieved the highest soil nitrogen content in microbe at the rosette stage, while T5 showed the highest levels at both the budding and maturity stages. All fertilizer synergists increased the activities of soil sucrase, protease, and catalase across the three growth stages. Additionally, the application of fertilizer synergists improved the yield, output value, average price, and proportion of high-grade cured tobacco leaves, with the T3 treatment performing the best. Overall, DA-6 demonstrated comparatively good effects as a fertilizer synergist.

Key words: flue-cured tobacco, fertilizer synergist, soil, yield, quality

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