温度对番茄青枯菌生长及田间发病情况的影响

doi:10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250290

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探究温度对番茄青枯菌生长及田间发病的影响,本文测定了不同温度(20、25、30、35、40 ℃)下番茄青枯菌悬浮液的D₆₀₀并绘制生长曲线,并首次结合高山番茄设施内的温度和青枯病发病率,明确了番茄青枯菌生长的最适温度,提出将温度作为指示因子的青枯病防控方法,以期降低番茄生产中由青枯病造成的损失。结果表明,温度对青枯菌的生长影响较大,青枯菌生长的最适温度为30~35 ℃,高山番茄田间青枯病的发病规律与之相符合,即田间温度大于25 ℃时开始发病,30~35 ℃时进入发病高峰期。以上结果明确了番茄青枯菌生长的最适温度及田间发病流行的环境温度,为田间青枯病的预报预防提供理论依据。

关键词: 番茄, 青枯菌, 温度, 预测, 防治

Abstract:

To explore the effect of temperature on the growth and field incidence of tomato Ralstonia solanacearum, the D₆₀₀ of Ralstonia solanacearum suspension at five temperatures of 20, 25, 30, 35 and 40 ℃ were measured, and the growth curve was drawn. For the first time, by combining the temperature and the incidence rate of Ralstonia solanacearum in the high-altitude tomato facility, the optimal temperature for the growth of tomato Ralstonia solanacearum was determined. A method for controlling Ralstonia solanacearum by using temperature as an indicator factor was proposed, with the aim of reducing the losses caused by Ralstonia solanacearum in tomato production. The results showed that temperature had a obvious impact on the growth of Ralstonia solanacearum. The optimal temperature range for the growth of Ralstonia solanacearum was 30-35 ℃. The incidence pattern of Ralstonia solanacearum in high-altitude tomato fields was consistent with this, when the field temperature was above 25 ℃, the disease began to occur, entering the peak period of onset at 30-35 ℃. The study had clarified the optimal temperature range for the growth and field prevalence of tomato Ralstonia solanacearum, providing a theoretical basis for the prediction and prevention of field Ralstonia solanacearum.

Key words: tomato, Ralstonia solanacearum, temperature, prediction, prevention

中图分类号:

S436.412

周倩倩, 高安忠, 陈健锋, 徐明飞. 温度对番茄青枯菌生长及田间发病情况的影响[J]. 浙江农业科学, 2025, 66(12): 3052-3056.

ZHOU Qianqian, GAO Anzhong, CHEN Jianfeng, XU Mingfei. Effect of temperature on the growth and field incidence of tomato Ralstonia solanacearum[J]. Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 66(12): 3052-3056.

图/表 4

图1 番茄青枯菌在TTC培养基的菌落形态

Fig.1 Colony morphology of the tomato Ralstonia solanacearum on the TTC medium

图2 温度对青枯菌生长曲线的影响

Fig.2 Effect of temperature on the growth curve of the tomato Ralstonia solanacearum

图3 青枯菌生长的最适温度筛选柱间无相同小写字母表示各处理间差异显著(p<0.05)。

Fig.3 Screening of the optimal growth temperature for Ralstonia solanacearum

图4 高山番茄设施内的温度变化与番茄青枯病发病率

Fig.4 Temperature changes in high-altitude tomato facility and the incidence rate of tomato Ralstonia solanacearum

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