浙江农业科学

浙江农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 66 ›› Issue (6): 1377-1380.DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250291

• 果树与蔬菜 • 上一篇    下一篇

鲜食大豆全程机械化生产关键技术

张海鹏1(), 戴文华2, 陈晶杰3, 王珏1, 章永根1,*()   

  1. 1.嘉兴市农渔技术推广站,浙江 嘉兴 314000
    2.嘉兴市农情监测与信息中心,浙江 嘉兴 314000
    3.海盐县农业技术推广中心,浙江 海盐 314399
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-18 出版日期:2025-06-11 发布日期:2025-06-23
  • 通讯作者: 章永根(1968—),男,浙江嘉兴人,正高级农艺师,主要从事作物栽培、农技推广等工作,E-mail: gyz2323@163.com。
  • 作者简介:张海鹏(1992—),男,内蒙古呼伦贝尔人,农艺师,主要从事作物栽培、农技推广等工作,E-mail: 2539426159@qq.com。
  • 基金资助:
    浙江省农业产业技术创新与推广项目(2023NKF13)

Key technologies for full-process mechanized production of fresh soybean

ZHANG Haipeng1(), DAI Wenhua2, CHEN Jingjie3, WANG Jue1, ZHANG Yonggen1,*()   

  1. 1. Jiaxing Agricultural and Fishery Technology Extension Station, Jiaxing 314000, Zhejiang
    2. Jiaxing Agricultural Monitoring and Information Center, Jiaxing 314000, Zhejiang
    3. Haiyan County Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Haiyan 314399, Zhejiang
  • Received:2025-04-18 Online:2025-06-11 Published:2025-06-23

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摘要：

为提高鲜食大豆生产效益,开展全程机械化生产关键技术研究。采用大田试验,对适宜机械采摘的大豆品种、收割机型、农用无人机飞播飞防等技术环节进行了探讨。结果表明,浙农6号、浙鲜9号、高雄9号较适宜机械化生产;万科保田4LDZ-48型、亿卓4TD-16型鲜豆采摘机综合性能较好,其中亿卓4TD-16型鲜豆采摘机在降本增效上具有更明显的优势;3种播种方式以人工播种处理综合指标最优,但考虑到用工成本及播种速度,以飞播较为理想;全程机械化生产可节约人工费约16 365元·hm-2,经济效益显著,且节约时间,对争取农时极为有利。

关键词: 鲜食大豆, 机械化, 关键技术, 飞播, 飞防

Abstract:

To enhance the production efficiency of fresh soybean, research on key technologies for full-process mechanized production was conducted. Field experiments were carried out to investigate soybean varieties suitable for mechanical harvesting, harvester models, and technologies such as agricultural UAVs (unmanned aerial vehicles) for aerial seeding and plant protection. The results showed that Zhenong 6, Zhexian 9, and Gaoxiong 9 were more suitable for mechanized production. Among harvester models, the Wanke Baotian 4LDZ-48 and Yizhuo 4TD-16 fresh soybean harvesters exhibited better comprehensive performance, with Yizhuo 4TD-16 demonstrating more significant advantages in cost reduction and efficiency improvement. Among three sowing methods, manual sowing showed optimal comprehensive indicators; however, considering labor costs and sowing speed, aerial seeding was more ideal. Full-process mechanized production saved approximately 16 365 yuan·hm-2 in labor costs, demonstrating significant economic benefits and time savings, which is highly advantageous for optimizing farming schedules.

Key words: fresh soybean, mechanization, key technologies, aerial seeding, aerial plant protection

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