干旱胁迫下外源氯化胆碱对小麦幼苗的缓解效应

doi:10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240670

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探明干旱环境下,外源氯化胆碱对小麦幼苗生长及其生理特性的影响,本试验以淮麦35和郑麦9023为材料,采用盆栽试验,通过定期灌溉15%聚乙二醇-6000(PEG-6000)溶液来模拟干旱环境,用400 mg·L^-1氯化胆碱处理喷施叶片,分析氯化胆碱对干旱胁迫下小麦幼苗生长生理特性的缓解效应。结果显示,在干旱胁迫下,小麦幼苗的生长发育受到抑制,在分蘖数、叶数、根数、最长根长与含水量等方面均呈现显著下降,且根冠比显著提高,同时超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性与脯氨酸、丙二醛(MDA)含量显著提高。400mg·L^-1氯化胆碱处理后,干旱胁迫下小麦幼苗体内SOD、POD、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性显著提高,活性氧清除能力加强,同时,MDA含量显著降低,脯氨酸含量显著提高,植物的渗透调节能力加强。在外部形态上表现为分蘖数、叶数、最长根长、含水量显著提高,根冠比显著降低。以上结果表明,氯化胆碱能够有效缓解干旱胁迫对小麦幼苗生长造成的不利影响。

关键词: 小麦幼苗, 干旱胁迫, 氯化胆碱, 形态指标, 生理指标

Abstract:

In order to investigate the effects of exogenous choline chloride on the growth and physiological characteristics of wheat seedlings under drought stress, Huaimai 35 and Zhengmai 9023 were selected as materials. The pot experiment method was adopted, and a 15% PEG-6000 solution was regularly irrigated to simulate a drought environment. 400 mg·L^-1 choline chloride was sprayed on the leaves to treat the wheat seedlings. The alleviating effects of choline chloride on the growth and physiological characteristics of wheat seedlings under drought stress were analyzed. The results showed that under drought stress, the growth and development of wheat seedlings were inhibited. There were significant decreases in the number of tillers, leaves, roots, the longest root length and water content, and the root-shoot ratio significantly increased. Meanwhile, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), as well as the contents of proline and malondialdehyde (MDA), were significantly increased. After treatment with 400 mg·L^-1 choline chloride, the activities of SOD, POD, and catalase (CAT) in wheat seedlings under drought stress were significantly increased, the scavenging ability of reactive oxygen species was greatly enhanced. Meanwhile, the content of MDA was significantly reduced, the content of proline was significantly increased, and the osmotic regulation ability of plants was strengthened. In terms of external morphology, it was manifested as a significant increase in the number of tillers, leaves, the longest root length, water content and a significant decrease in root-shoot ratio. The above results indicated that choline chloride can effectively alleviate the adverse effects of drought stress on the growth of wheat seedlings.

Key words: wheat seedling, drought stress, choline chloride, morphological indicator, physiological indicator

中图分类号:

S512.1

张晋睿, 刘泽亮, 罗磊, 普凯睿, 王斐, 蒋梓航, 王化敦, 陈新红, 张林青. 干旱胁迫下外源氯化胆碱对小麦幼苗的缓解效应[J]. 浙江农业科学, 2026, 67(1): 18-25.

ZHANG Jinrui, LIU Zeliang, LUO Lei, PU Kairui, WANG Fei, JIANG Zihang, WANG Huadun, CHEN Xinhong, ZHANG Linqing. Mitigative effect of exogenous choline chloride on wheat seedlings under drought stress[J]. Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences, 2026, 67(1): 18-25.

图/表 7

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品种	处理	单株分蘖数	单株叶数	单株根数	最长根长/cm
淮麦35	CK0	2.14±0.23 b	7.45±0.58 a	7.67±1.06 a	11.96±2.99 a
	DS0	1.48±0.22 d	5.39±0.53 c	5.79±0.74 b	10.76±1.55 c
	CK400	2.77±0.35 a	7.97±0.45 a	7.82±1.02 a	13.82±1.33 a
	DS400	1.90±0.22 c	6.39±0.36 b	6.96±0.97 b	11.37±1.03 b
郑麦9023	CK0	2.16±0.24 b	5.85±0.59 a	7.84±1.07 a	12.05±1.89 a
	DS0	1.43±0.23 d	3.78±0.54 c	6.03±0.75 b	10.87±1.44 c
	CK400	2.44±0.36 a	6.86±0.46 a	7.92±1.02 a	13.91±1.28 a
	DS400	1.89±0.20 c	5.28±0.37 b	7.05±0.87 b	11.43±1.02 b

品种	处理	单株分蘖数	单株叶数	单株根数	最长根长/cm
淮麦35	CK0	2.14±0.23 b	7.45±0.58 a	7.67±1.06 a	11.96±2.99 a
	DS0	1.48±0.22 d	5.39±0.53 c	5.79±0.74 b	10.76±1.55 c
	CK400	2.77±0.35 a	7.97±0.45 a	7.82±1.02 a	13.82±1.33 a
	DS400	1.90±0.22 c	6.39±0.36 b	6.96±0.97 b	11.37±1.03 b
郑麦9023	CK0	2.16±0.24 b	5.85±0.59 a	7.84±1.07 a	12.05±1.89 a
	DS0	1.43±0.23 d	3.78±0.54 c	6.03±0.75 b	10.87±1.44 c
	CK400	2.44±0.36 a	6.86±0.46 a	7.92±1.02 a	13.91±1.28 a
	DS400	1.89±0.20 c	5.28±0.37 b	7.05±0.87 b	11.43±1.02 b

品种	处理	根冠比	含水量/%
淮麦35	CK0	0.09±0.01 c	88.44±0.32 a
	DS0	0.21±0.02 a	69.10±0.35 c
	CK400	0.12±0.01 b	89.66±1.21 a
	DS400	0.14±0.02 b	75.62±2.13 b
郑麦9023	CK0	0.11±0.01 c	89.13±0.35 a
	DS0	0.22±0.02 a	71.19±0.51 c
	CK400	0.14±0.01 b	89.85±1.17 a
	DS400	0.17±0.02 b	82.33±2.09 b

品种	处理	根冠比	含水量/%
淮麦35	CK0	0.09±0.01 c	88.44±0.32 a
	DS0	0.21±0.02 a	69.10±0.35 c
	CK400	0.12±0.01 b	89.66±1.21 a
	DS400	0.14±0.02 b	75.62±2.13 b
郑麦9023	CK0	0.11±0.01 c	89.13±0.35 a
	DS0	0.22±0.02 a	71.19±0.51 c
	CK400	0.14±0.01 b	89.85±1.17 a
	DS400	0.17±0.02 b	82.33±2.09 b

品种	处理	超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)活性	过氧化物酶 (POD)活性	过氧化氢酶 (CAT)活性
淮麦35	CK0	1 164.88±6.21 d	216.96±7.21 d	16.16±2.27 b
	DS0	1 418.25±3.20 c	447.42±5.97 b	24.61±1.81 b
	CK400	1 571.68±3.80 b	309.72±2.60 c	48.67±4.06 a
	DS400	1 734.50±17.12 a	518.04±7.24 a	55.12±1.87 a
郑麦9023	CK0	1 186.03±9.07 d	184.74±2.76 d	16.51±0.01 b
	DS0	1 419.12±3.86 c	286.63±1.71 c	17.69±0.01 b
	CK400	1 518.35±19.36 b	383.38±1.06 b	45.29±2.01 a
	DS400	1 601.85±12.89 a	455.24±2.67 a	46.64±2.07 a