温州北麂沉积物柱状样重金属污染评价及其来源解析

doi:10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230702

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

于2022年12月,在温州北麂采集一根沉积物柱状样,分析了0~40 cm不同层次沉积物样品中铜(Cu)、铅(Pb)、镉(Cd)、锌(Zn)和铬(Cr)等5种重金属含量并计算富集因子指数(enrichment factors,EF,代表元素富集程度)。结果表明,多数重金属在次表层30 cm左右浓度和EF值都达到峰值或有一个高值区,这可能主要是由20世纪80—90年代北麂岛周边区域高强度人为排放的重金属导致的。进一步通过Pearson相关分析探讨了控制北麂岛海域沉积物重金属垂向分布的关键因素,结果发现,5种重金属的关键控制因素不同,Cu、Pb、Zn和Cr的输入主要受到人类活动的影响,而重金属Cd来源则与人为活动无关。

关键词: 重金属, 温州北麂, 沉积物柱, 来源解析

Abstract:

In December 2022, a sediment core sample was obtained from the Beiji area of Wenzhou and analyzed for the presence of five heavy metals, namely copper (Cu), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), zinc (Zn) and chromium (Cr), across different sediment layers ranging from 0 to 40 cm. Enrichment factors (EF) were calculated to ascertain the extent of metal concentration in the samples. Results revealed that the concentrations and EF values of most heavy metals peaked or showed a high value area at around 30 cm in the subsurface layer. This observation can be attributed to the high-intensity anthropogenic emissions of heavy metals around Beiji Island during the 1980s and 1990s. Pearson correlation analysis was carried out to explore the factors that control the vertical distribution of heavy metals in sediments of Beiji Island. The results showed that the key controlling factors of the five heavy metals varied. The results found that the key controlling factors for the five heavy metals varied. The inputs of Cu, Pb, Zn, and Cr were mainly influenced by human activities, whereas the source of the heavy metal Cd was not related to anthropogenic activities.

Key words: heavy metal, Beiji Island, sediment core, source analysis

中图分类号:

陈星星, 陆荣茂, 刘伟成, 周朝生. 温州北麂沉积物柱状样重金属污染评价及其来源解析[J]. 浙江农业科学, 2024, 65(11): 2758-2764.

CHEN Xingxing, LU Rongmao, LIU Weicheng, ZHOU Chaosheng. Pollution characteristics and source analysis of heavy metals in a sediment core of Beiji island in Wenzhou[J]. Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 65(11): 2758-2764.

图/表 5

图1 沉积物柱状样重金属含量垂向变化特征

Fig.1 Vertical distribution of heavy metal concentrations in a sediment core

表1 本研究重金属含量与文献值的比较

Table 1 Comparisons of heavy metals from selected reports 单位:mg·kg-1

站位点	Cu	Pb	Cd	Zn	Cr
本研究区域	30.83	28.49	0.120	97.83	116.77
平阳(温州)	38.12	24.68	0.078	131.16	108.68
渤海	16.10	19.40	0.100	50.00	48.80
黄海	21.40	23.30		77.90	72.30
南海	17.68	26.50	0.110	55.70	35.00

图2 沉积物柱状样重金属富集因子(EF)垂向变化特征

Fig.2 Vertical distribution of heavy metal enrichment factors in a sediment core

图3 沉积物柱状样重金属含量与环境因子Pearson相关性分析

Fig.3 Pearson correlation of heavy metals and environmental factors

表2 沉积物柱状样重金属主成分分析

Table 2 Principal component analysis of heavy metals in sediment core

项目	PC1	PC2
Cu	0.986	0.047
Pb	0.980	0.150
Cd	0.080	0.988
Zn	0.910	-0.063
Cr	0.876	0.323
特征值	3.632	1.010
方差贡献率/%	72.649	20.206
累计方差贡献率/%	72.649	92.854

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