浙江农业科学

浙江农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 66 ›› Issue (12): 2939-2943.DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250495

• 药用植物 • 上一篇    下一篇

铁皮石斛新品种雁斛1号的选育研究

宋敏全1,2,3(), 胡卫珍4, 盛小宽5, 宋捷2,3, 宋仙水1,2,3, 周婷6, 叶玉婷2, 毛碧增4,7,8,*()   

  1. 1.浙江农艺师学院,浙江 杭州 310021
    2.浙江铁枫堂生物科技股份有限公司,浙江 温州 325600
    3.浙江铁枫堂铁皮石斛省级重点农业企业研究院, 浙江 温州 325600
    4.浙江大学 新农村发展研究院与农业试验站,浙江 杭州 310058
    5.乐清市农业农村局,浙江 温州 325600
    6.乐清市铁皮石斛产业协会,浙江 温州 325600
    7.农业农村部作物病虫分子生物学重点实验室,浙江 杭州 310058
    8.全省作物病虫生物学与生态调控重点实验室,浙江 杭州 310058
  • 收稿日期:2025-07-14 出版日期:2025-12-11 发布日期:2025-12-17
  • 通讯作者: 毛碧增,女,研究员,主要从事中药材品种选育、品质改良及产业化技术研究,E-mail:maobz@zju.edu.cn。
  • 作者简介:宋敏全,男,高级农民技师,主要从事铁皮石斛品种选育与生态栽培研究,E-mail:387604297@qq.com。
  • 基金资助:
    浙江省“三农九方”科技协作计划项目(2025SNJF011);农业农村部农业重大技术协同推广计划(2022XTTGZYC02)

Study of breeding of a new Dendrobium officinale variety Yanhu 1

SONG Minquan1,2,3(), HU Weizhen4, SHENG Xiaokuan5, SONG Jie2,3, SONG Xianshui1,2,3, ZHOU Ting6, YE Yuting2, MAO Bizeng4,7,8,*()   

  1. 1. Zhejiang Agronomist College, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang
    2. Zhejiang Tiefengtang Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Wenzhou 325600, Zhejiang
    3. Zhejiang Tiefengtang Provincial Key Agricultural Enterprise Research Institute of Dendrobium officinale, Wenzhou 325600, Zhejiang
    4. The Rural Development Academy and Agricultural Experiment Station, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang
    5. Yueqing Municipal Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wenzhou 325600, Zhejiang
    6. Yueqing Dendrobium officinale Industry Association, Wenzhou 325600, Zhejiang
    7. Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang
    8. Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Biology and Ecological Regulation of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang
  • Received:2025-07-14 Online:2025-12-11 Published:2025-12-17

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摘要：

为选育适宜在浙江省推广的优质高产铁皮石斛新品种,促进全省铁皮石斛产业的可持续性健康发展,本研究以雁荡山山脉野生优质铁皮石斛为试验材料,经过多年的自交选育后,从其后代实生苗中筛选出优良株系雁斛1号,并于2021—2024年连续开展农艺性状、产量和品质评价试验。结果表明,雁斛1号和对照品种仙斛1号(浙认药2008003)在茎粗和茎鲜重2个农艺性状指标上均存在显著(p<0.05)差异,其中雁斛1号的平均茎粗为8.01 mm,显著(p<0.05)高于对照品种仙斛1号37.39%。产量上,与仙斛1号相比,雁斛1号在生长期为20个月和30个月时的茎鲜重和叶鲜重均显著更高。当生长期为30个月时,雁斛1号的茎鲜重达到1 400 g·m-2,与对照存在极显著(p<0.01)差异。在生长期为20个月和30个月时,雁斛1号的产量分别为875.5和2 796.3 g·m-2,折算成667 m2产量分别为583.96 kg和1 865.13 kg,高于对照品种仙斛1号在20和30个月生长期时的产量。品质上,雁斛1号的各项成分检测指标均符合《中华人民共和国药典:一部》(2020年版)的规定,其中生长期为20个月和30个月时,雁斛1号的多糖含量分别为40.26%、41.99%,均高于《中华人民共和国药典:一部》(2020年版)中的规定值,并较对照品种仙斛1号分别增加10.08、12.94百分点。试验结果表明,雁斛1号的农艺性状更好,产量更高,品质更佳,具有较高的药用价值,可作为全省推广种植的优良铁皮石斛新品种。

关键词: 铁皮石斛, 雁斛1号, 品种, 选育

Abstract:

In order to select high-quality and high-yield new varieties of Dendrobium officinale suitable for promotion in Zhejiang Province, and promote the sustainable and healthy development of the Dendrobium officinale industry. We selected the high-quality wild Dendrobium officinale germplasm from the Yandang Mountain as experimental materials. After years of self pollination and breeding, the excellent strain Yanhu 1 was selected from its offspring seedlings. Continuous regional trials of agronomic traits, yield, and quality of varieties was conducted from 2021 to 2024. The results showed that there were significant (p<0.05) differences between Yanhu 1 the control variety and Xianhu 1 (Zhejiang Medicine No. 2008003) in both stem diameter and stem fresh weight. Among them, Yanhu 1 had an average stem diameter of 8.01 mm, which was significantly higher than the control variety Xianhu 1 by 37.39%. In terms of yield, compared with Xianhu 1, Yanhu 1 in 20 and 30 months of growth showed significant improvements in both stem and leaf fresh weight. In 30 months of growth, the average stem fresh weight reached 1 400 g·m-2, with a highly significant (p<0.01) difference. In a growth period of 20 and 30 months, the average total yield of Yanhu 1 was 875.5 and 2 796.3 g·m-2, which was equivalent to 583.96 kg and 1 865.13 kg (calculated as 667 m2), respectively, higher than the control variety Xianhu 1. In terms of quality, the various component detection indicators of Yanhu 1 complied with the provisions of the Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition). When the growth period was 20 months and 30 months, the polysaccharide content of Yanhu 1 was 40.26% and 41.99%, respectively, which were higher than the provisions of the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China: Part 1(2020 Edition), and increased by 10.08, 12.94 percentage points compared with Xianhu 1. The experimental results indicated that Yanhu 1 has better agronomic traits, higher yield, better quality, and higher medicinal value, which can be used as an excellent new variety of Dendrobium officinale for promotion and planting throughout the province.

Key words: Dendrobium officinale, Yanhu 1, variety, breeding

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