浙江农业科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 67 ›› Issue (6): 1355-1359.DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250480

• 杨梅产业高质量发展 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同覆盖方式对杨梅微环境与经济性状的影响

吴碧波1(), 王蓉1, 徐沁怡2, 郑柯斌3, 吴降星2, 仇强强4, 叶小明5, 樊树雷2()   

  1. 1.宁海县林特技术推广站,浙江 宁海 315600
    2.宁波市农业技术推广总站,浙江 宁波 315012
    3.余姚市丈亭镇农业农村办公室,浙江 余姚 315410
    4.宁海绿生杨梅专业合作社,浙江 宁海 315601
    5.余姚市端五红杨梅专业合作社,浙江 余姚 315410
  • 收稿日期:2025-07-14 出版日期:2026-06-11 发布日期:2026-06-12
  • 通讯作者: 樊树雷
  • 作者简介:樊树雷,E-mail:nbnjzz@126.com
    吴碧波,从事果树技术研究与推广工作。E-mail:nbnhltz@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    浙江省果品产业技术项目(2022052);宁波市农业科技试验示范项目(2024NK002)

Effects of different mulching methods on microclimate and economic traits of Myrica rubra

WU Bibo1(), WANG Rong1, XU Qinyi2, ZHENG Kebin3, WU Jiangxing2, QIU Qiangqiang4, YE Xiaoming5, FAN Shulei2()   

  1. 1.Ninghai Forestry and Specialty Technology Promotion Station,Ninghai 315600,Zhejiang
    2.Ningbo Municipal Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Ningbo 315012,Zhejiang
    3.Yuyao Zhangting Agricultural and Rural Affairs Office,Yuyao 315410,Zhejiang
    4.Ninghai Lvsheng Yangmei Professional Cooperative,Ninghai 315601,Zhejiang
    5.Yuyao Duanwuhong Yangmei Professional Cooperative,Yuyao 315410,Zhejiang
  • Received:2025-07-14 Online:2026-06-11 Published:2026-06-12
  • Contact: FAN Shulei

摘要:

为优化现有杨梅栽培技术,本研究以荸荠种杨梅为试验材料,系统比较了大棚覆盖薄膜和地面覆盖防草布、反光膜、土工布对杨梅环境与经济性状的影响。结果表明,与露地栽培相比,大棚覆盖薄膜能够提高气温和土壤温度,降低空气相对湿度和土壤相对湿度。地面覆盖土工布能够降低土壤温度和相对湿度。大棚覆盖薄膜处理的杨梅单株商品果率最高,为80.46%,地面覆盖土工布和反光膜次之,均显著(p<0.05)高于露地栽培的61.72%。与露地栽培相比,地面覆盖土工布显著提升果实硬度、可溶性固形物含量和固酸比。对比不同覆盖方式的成本,土工布成本低、坚实耐用。地面覆盖土工布处理的杨梅商品果率较高,果实品质显著优于其他处理,可作为杨梅露地栽培的重要技术手段。

关键词: 杨梅, 覆盖方式, 微环境, 商品果率, 果实品质

Abstract:

In order to optimize the existing cultivation techniques for Myrica rubra,this study used Biqizhong Myrica rubra as the test material to systematically compare the effects of greenhouse mulching with film,ground mulching with weed-control fabric,reflective film,and geotextile on the micro-environment and economic traits of Myrica rubra. The results showed that greenhouse mulching with film increased air and soil temperature,while reduced air and soil humidity. Ground mulching with geotextile decreased soil temperature and humidity. The highest commercial fruit rate of Myrica rubra was 80.46% under greenhouse mulching with film,followed by ground mulching with geotextile and reflective film,both significantly (p<0.05) higher than 61.72% in open-field cultivation. Compared with open-field cultivation,ground mulching with geotextile significantly improved fruit hardness,soluble solids content,and solid acid ratio. Considering the costs of different mulching methods,geotextile has low cost,solid and durable properties. Ground mulching with geotextile enhanced the commercial fruit rate of Myrica rubra, and its fruit quality was significantly better than other treatments,making it a key technical measure for open-field cultivation of Myrica rubra.

Key words: Myrica rubra, mulching method, microclimate, commercial fruit rate, fruit quality

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