浙江农业科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 67 ›› Issue (9): 2290-2293.DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250602

• 畜牧兽医 • 上一篇    下一篇

黑斑病介导日本沼虾肌肉营养代谢紊乱研究

邱晴1(), 王海智2, 魏乐桥3, 郭可凡4, 黄福勇4, 许国明5, 杨庆满1()   

  1. 1.绍兴市水产技术推广中心,浙江 绍兴 312000
    2.金华市鳅海家庭农场,浙江 金华 321000
    3.诸暨市山下湖乐桥家庭农场,浙江 诸暨 311804
    4.浙江省农业科学院 水生生物研究所,浙江 杭州 310021
    5.绍兴国明家庭农场有限公司,浙江 绍兴 312037
  • 收稿日期:2025-08-22 出版日期:2026-09-11 发布日期:2026-09-24
  • 通讯作者: 杨庆满
  • 作者简介:杨庆满,E-mail:453607707@qq.com。
    邱晴,研究方向为水产养殖。E-mail:1839009118@qq.com。
  • 基金资助:
    浙江省农业科学院地方科技合作项目(SX202510);浙江省科技特派员项目(JHWC202401);浙江省2024—2026年水产产业技术项目(稻鳅虾生态综合种养关键技术研究与示范)

Black spot disease mediates nutritional metabolic disorders in Macrobrachium nipponense muscle

QIU Qing1(), WANG Haizhi2, WEI Leqiao3, GUO Kefan4, HUANG Fuyong4, XU Guoming5, YANG Qingman1()   

  1. 1.Aquatic Technology Promotion Center in Shaoxing City,Shaoxing 312000,Zhejiang
    2.Loach Sea Family Farm in Jinhua City,Jinhua 321000,Zhejiang
    3.Leqiao Family Farm,Shanxiahu Town,Zhuji City,Zhuji 311804,Zhejiang
    4.Institute of Hydrobiology,Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou 310021,Zhejiang
    5.Guoming Family Farm Co. ,Ltd. ,Shaoxing City,Shaoxing 312037,Zhejiang
  • Received:2025-08-22 Online:2026-09-11 Published:2026-09-24
  • Contact: YANG Qingman

摘要:

为揭示黑斑病对日本沼虾(Macrobrachium nipponense)肌肉营养代谢的介导作用及其引发的健康危害,本研究系统比较了患病沼虾与健康沼虾肌肉的常规营养成分、氨基酸组成、脂肪酸组成及矿质元素含量变化。结果显示,黑斑病引发了肌肉营养代谢的广泛失调。与健康沼虾相比,患病沼虾肌肉中粗蛋白与粗灰分含量显著(p<0.01)降低。氨基酸总含量、必需氨基酸总量(尤其是苏氨酸)、半必需氨基酸总量、非必需氨基酸总量及鲜味氨基酸总量均显著降低。C16:0、C18:0、C14:1、C16:1、C17:1含量及饱和脂肪酸(SFA)总含量显著升高,C20:0、C22:0、C18:1、C18:3 n-3、C20:5 n-3(二十碳五烯酸,EPA)、C22:5 n-3、C22:6 n-3(二十二碳六烯酸,DHA)、EPA+DHA含量、多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)总含量、n-3 PUFA总含量显著降低。常量元素(Na、K、Ca)与微量元素(Mn、Zn、Se)含量显著降低。本研究从营养代谢层面阐释了黑斑病的致病机理,系统揭示了其对虾体健康的危害,为制定基于靶向营养干预的健康养殖与病害精准防控策略提供了科学依据。

关键词: 日本沼虾, 黑斑病, 氨基酸, 脂肪酸, 矿质元素

Abstract:

To elucidate the mediating effect of black spot disease(BSD)on muscle nutritional metabolism and its associated health risks in Macrobrachium nipponense,this study systematically compared and analyzed conventional nutritional components,amino acid composition,fatty acid composition,and mineral elements content in diseased and healthy Macrobrachium nipponense. The results indicated that BSD induced extensive dysregulation of muscle nutritional metabolism. Compared with healthy Macrobrachium nipponense,the crude protein and crude ash content of muscles in diseased Macrobrachium nipponense were significantly(p<0.01)reduced. Total amounts of amino acids(TAA),essential amino acids(EAA,particularly threonine),semi-essential amino acids(SEAA),nonessential amino acids(NEAA),and delicious amino acid(DAA)were all significantly reduced. The contents of C16:0,C18:0,C14:1,C16:1,C17:1,and the total saturated fatty acids(SFA)significantly increased,while the contents of C20:0,C22:0,C18:1,C18:3 n-3,C20:5 n-3(eicosapentaenoic acid,EPA),C22:5 n-3,C22:6 n-3(docosahexaenoic acid,DHA),EPA+DHA,total polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA),and total n-3 PUFA significantly decreased. Furthermore,the contents of major elements(Na,K,Ca)and trace elements(Mn,Zn,Se)were significantly reduced. This study provides insights into the pathogenic mechanisms of BSD at the nutritional metabolic level and comprehensively reveals its detrimental effects on Macrobrachium nipponense health. The findings offer a scientific basis for developing targeted nutritional interventions and precise disease prevention strategies.

Key words: Macrobrachium nipponense, black spot disease, amino acid, fatty acid, mineral element

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