浙江农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 66 ›› Issue (2): 329-335.DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20231033

• 经济作物 • 上一篇    下一篇

许昌烟区“以烟为主”的轮作套种模式研究

孙晓伟1(), 姚健1, 王京1, 何冰1, 张幸博1, 李建华1, 薛刚2,*()   

  1. 1.河南省烟草公司许昌市公司,河南 许昌 461000
    2.河南农业大学,河南 郑州 450046
  • 收稿日期:2023-10-25 出版日期:2025-02-11 发布日期:2025-03-24
  • 通讯作者: 薛刚(1986—),男,河南临颍人,讲师,博士,主要从事烟叶分级与烘烤等工作,E-mail:xuegangyan2009@sina.com
  • 作者简介:孙晓伟(1987—),男,河南内黄人,农艺师,硕士,从事烟叶生产技术研发与烟叶生产管理工作,E-mail:sunxiaowei.8@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    河南省烟草公司许昌市公司重点项目(2021411000240108)

Study on tobacco-based crop rotation and intercropping mode in Xuchang tobacco area

SUN Xiaowei1(), YAO Jian1, WANG Jing1, HE Bing1, ZHANG Xingbo1, LI Jianhua1, XUE Gang2,*()   

  1. 1. Xuchang Branch of Henan Tobacco Company, Xuchang 461000, Henan
    2. Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan
  • Received:2023-10-25 Online:2025-02-11 Published:2025-03-24

摘要:

为提升烟叶品质,增加烟农收入,提高烟农种烟积极性,研究许昌烟区以烟为主的轮作套种种植模式。示范结果表明,T3处理增加烤烟移栽前土壤有机质、全氮、碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾含量;T3处理改善烟株农艺性状,比T4处理的株高、茎围、节距、叶片数、最大叶长和最大叶宽分别提高了13.86%、35.04%、8.54%、13.31%、6.64%和13.86%;T2处理在烤烟不同生育时期烟草花叶病发病率最低,而T3处理在烤烟不同生育时期烟草黑胫病发病率最低;T1处理的667 m2收益最高,为7 328.00元,分别比T2、T3和T4处理提高了36.10%、59.44%和15.32%;T1处理烤烟外观质量总分最高;T1和T3处理烟碱含量较为适宜,烟叶常规化学成分协调性较好;T1处理烤后烟叶感官质量最好。综合而言,在许昌烟区以T1处理最好。

关键词: 烟草, 轮作, 土壤养分, 病害, 收益

Abstract:

In order to improve the quality of tobacco leaves, increase the income of tobacco farmers, and improve the enthusiasm of tobacco farmers, the rotation and intercropping mode of tobacco in Xuchang tobacco area was studied. The demonstration results showed that T3 treatment increased the contents of soil organic matter, total nitrogen, alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium before tobacco transplanting. Compared with T4 treatment, the plant height, stem circumference, pitch, leaf number, maximum leaf length and maximum leaf width of tobacco plants were increased by 13.86%, 35.04%, 8.54%, 13.31%, 6.64% and 13.86%, respectively. The incidence of tobacco mosaic disease was the lowest in T2 treatment at different growth stages of flue-cured tobacco, while the incidence of tobacco black shank disease was the lowest in T3 treatment at different growth stages of flue-cured tobacco. The 667 m2 benefits of T1 treatment was the highest, which was 7 328.00 yuan, which was 36.10%, 59.44% and 15.32% higher than that of T2, T3 and T4 treatments, respectively. Flue-cured tobacco of T1 treatment had the highest overall score of appearance quality. The nicotine content of T1 and T3 treatments was more appropriate, and the conventional chemical composition of tobacco leaves was more harmonious. The sensory quality of tobacco leaves in T1 treatment was the best. In general, T1 treatment is the best in Xuchang tobacco area.

Key words: tobacco, crop rotation, soil nutrients, disease, benefits

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