浙江农业科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 67 ›› Issue (10): 2444-2447.DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240778

• 果树与蔬菜 • 上一篇    下一篇

主要农艺性状对紫山药产量与效益影响的通径分析、数学模型及其优化

刘也楠1(), 何贤彪1, 黄立飞2(), 刘伟明3()   

  1. 1.台州市农业科学研究院,浙江 台州 317700
    2.广东省农业科学院 作物研究所,广东省农作物遗传改良重点实验室,广东 广州 510640
    3.台州科技职业学院,浙江 台州 318020
  • 收稿日期:2024-09-30 出版日期:2026-10-11 发布日期:2026-10-19
  • 通讯作者: 黄立飞,刘伟明
  • 作者简介:刘伟明,E-mail:lwm4567878@163.com。
    黄立飞,E-mail:hlf157@163.com
    刘也楠,主要从事农学、园艺相关技术研究与推广工作。E-mail:544136843@qq.com。
  • 基金资助:
    浙江省农业(粮食)新品种选育重大科技专项(2016C02050-7-3);浙江省农业(旱粮新品种选育)新品种选育重大科技专项(2021C02064-1);台州市科技计划项目(21nya04);台州市高层次人才计划特殊支持人才项目

Path analysis,mathematical model and optimization of the effects of main agronomic traits on the yield and benefit of purple yam

LIU Yenan1(), HE Xianbiao1, HUANG Lifei2(), LIU Weiming3()   

  1. 1.Taizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Taizhou 317700,Zhejiang
    2.Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crops Genetics and Improvement,Crop Research Institute,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,Guangdong
    3.Taizhou Vocational College of Science & Technology,Taizhou 318020,Zhejiang
  • Received:2024-09-30 Online:2026-10-11 Published:2026-10-19
  • Contact: HUANG Lifei,LIU Weiming

摘要:

为研究紫山药高产高效栽培关键农艺性状,选择栽培密度、追肥总量及其分配比例作为供试因子,分析不同水平供试因子对紫山药产量与效益的影响。通径分析结果显示,3个供试因子对紫山药产量与效益的影响趋势一致,追肥分配比例对紫山药产量与效益的直接通径系数的绝对值最大,栽培密度和追肥总量通过追肥分配比例作用于产量与效益的间接通径系数最大。3个供试因子对产量与效益的直接通径系数均为负值,而间接通径系数却均为正值。在3个供试因子中,1个因子在一定区间的变化,可通过另2个因子的协调配合对产量和效益产生不同程度的正向效应。但追肥分配比例对于产量和效益的总体效应分别达到极显著(p<0.01)和显著(p<0.05)负水平,其取值应以试验设计区间内的低水平为宜。利用产量和效益的回归数学模型,结合实际生产中紫山药大面积栽培高产高效的要求,以每667 m2产量大于2 000 kg、每667 m2效益大于10 000元为目标,进行计算机模拟优化,并结合生产实际制订了主要农艺组合方案:每667 m2栽培1 550~1 800株,每667 m2追肥总量53~67 kg,块茎膨大肥用量占追肥总量的比例为50%~55%。

关键词: 紫山药, 栽培密度, 追肥, 通径分析, 数学模型, 产量, 效益

Abstract:

To study the key agronomic traits for high-yield and efficient cultivation of purple yam,cultivation density,total amount and distribution ratio of topdressing were selected as test factors,and the effects of different levels of the tested factors on the yield and benefits of purple yam were analyzed. The results of path analysis showed that the three tested factors had a consistent trend in their effect on the yield and benefits of purple yam. The absolute value of direct path coefficient of topdressing distribution ratio on the yield and benefits of purple yam were the highest,while the indirect path coefficient of cultivation density and total amount of topdressing on yield and benefits through distribution ratio of topdressing were the highest. The direct path coefficient of the three tested factors on yield and benefits were all negative,while the indirect path coefficients were all positive. Among the three tested factors,the variation of one factor within a certain interval had varying degrees of positive effects on yield and benefits through the coordinated cooperation of the other two factors. However,distribution ratio of topdressing had highly significantly(p<0.01)and significantly(p<0.05)negative effects on yield and benefits of purple yam,which should be set at a low level within the experimental design interval. Using a regression mathematical model of yield and benefits,combined with the requirements of high yield and efficiency in large-scale cultivation of purple yam in actual production,with the goal of a yield greater than 2 000 kg per 667 m2 and a benefit greater than 10 000 yuan per 667 m2,computer simulation optimization was carried out,and the main agronomic combination scheme was formulated based on actual production:cultivation density of 1 550-1 800 plants per 667 m2,total amount of topdressing of 53-67 kg per 667 m2,and the amount of tuber expansion fertilizer accounted for 50%-55% of the total amount of topdressing.

Key words: purple yam, cultivation density, topdressing, path analysis, mathematical model, yield, benefit

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