畜禽有机肥与化肥配施条件下橘园土壤细菌群落分布与氮代谢的剖面分析

doi:10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240838

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探讨畜禽有机肥与化肥配施条件下柑橘土壤剖面细菌群落分布与功能的变化,以衢州市某典型橘园为调研样点,分析了椪柑和兴津2个品种柑橘在不同剖面0~20 cm(≤20 cm)和>20~40 cm下的土壤理化性质,随后基于高通量测序技术评估了土壤细菌群落变化。结果显示:0~20 cm土层土壤pH值显著低于>20~40 cm土层土壤(P<0.05),在总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)、微生物生物量碳(MBC)、微生物生物量氮(MBN)和微生物生物量磷(MBP)含量上显著高于>20~40 cm土层土壤(P<0.05)。细菌群落分析结果显示,0~20 cm土层的细菌多样性和丰度高于>20~40 cm土层,土壤中的最优势菌门为变形菌门(Pseudomonadota)、酸杆菌门(Acidobacteriota)、放线菌门(Actinomycetota)。此外,浅层土壤(0~20 cm)的氮代谢相关酶活性较高。相关性分析表明,酸杆菌属(Acidobacterium)、放线植物菌属(Actinophytocola)等优势菌属与TN、TP、MBC、MBN和MBP含量呈显著正相关(P<0.05),与pH值呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。总体而言,与常规施肥相比,畜禽有机肥与无机肥配施优化了0~20 cm土层的理化性质,提高了柑橘园0~20 cm土层的细菌多样性和功能活性,而对>20~40 cm土层土壤的影响较小。

关键词: 畜禽有机肥, 化肥, 橘园, 土壤细菌群落, 微生物多样性, 氮代谢

Abstract:

In order to investigate the changes in the distribution and function of bacterial communities in the soil profiles of citrus under the combined application of animal and poultry organic fertilizers and chemical fertilizers, a typical citrus orchard in Quzhou City was selected as the research sample. The soil physicochemical properties of two varieties of citrus, Penggan and Xingjin, were analyzed under different profiles 0-20 cm(≤20 cm)and >20-40 cm. The results showed that soil pH value in 0-20 cm soil layer was significantly lower than that in >20-40 cm soil layer(P<0.05), and the contents of total nitrogen(TN), total phosphorus(TP), microbial biomass carbon(MBC), microbial biomass nitrogen(MBN) and microbial biomass phosphorus(MBP) in >20-40 cm soil layer were significantly higher than those in >20-40 cm soil layer(P<0.05). The results of bacterial community analysis showed that the diversity and abundance of bacteria in 0-20 cm soil layer were higher than those in >20-40 cm soil layer. The dominant bacterial phyla phyla in the soil layer were Pseudomonadota, Acidobacteriota and Actinomycetota. In addition, the activities of enzymes related to nitrogen metabolism were higher in shallow soil(0-20 cm). Correlation analysis showed that Acidobacterium, Actinophytocola and other dominant bacterial phyla were significantly positively correlated with TN, TP, MBC, MBN and MBP contents(P<0.05), and significantly negatively correlated with pH value contents(P<0.05). In general, compared with conventional fertilization, the combination of animal and poultry organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer optimized the physical and chemical properties of 0-20 cm soil layer, improved the bacterial diversity and functional activity of 0-20 cm soil layer in citrus orchard, but had little effect on >20-40 cm soil layer.

Key words: animal and poultry organic fertilizer, chemical fertilizer, citrus orchard soil bacterial community, microbial diversity, nitrogen metabolism

中图分类号:

S154.3

童文彬, 郑则华, 杨海峻, 李荣会, 叶正钱. 畜禽有机肥与化肥配施条件下橘园土壤细菌群落分布与氮代谢的剖面分析[J]. 浙江农业科学, 2025, 66(3): 760-768.

TONG Wenbin, ZHENG Zehua, YANG Haijun, LI Ronghui, YE Zhengqian. Profile analysis of soil bacterial community distribution and nitrogen metabolism in citrus orchard under combined application of animal and poultry organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer[J]. Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 66(3): 760-768.

图/表 5

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处理	pH值	SOM含量/ (g·kg^-1)	TN含量/ (g·kg^-1)	TP含量/ (g·kg^-1)	TK含量/ (g·kg^-1)
CK20	5.45±0.03 c	10.30±0.38 c	0.55±0.35 d	0.37±0.04 e	17.31±0.61 c
Okitsu20	4.66±0.02 f	31.36±1.12 a	1.72±0.06 a	1.02±0.01 c	24.73±0.90 ab
Ponkan20	5.21±0.01 d	25.00±4.28 b	1.59±0.06 b	1.50±0.01 a	23.72±0.58 b
CK40	5.96±0.02 a	11.70±1.86 c	0.35±0.08 e	0.26±0.03 f	18.21±0.60 c
Okitsu40	4.74±0.04 e	32.00±2.08 a	1.35±0.06 c	0.95±0.01 d	25.78±0.58 a
Ponkan40	5.72±0.10 b	30.05±2.34 a	1.48±0.06 b	1.39±0.01 b	23.95±0.58 b

处理	pH值	SOM含量/ (g·kg^-1)	TN含量/ (g·kg^-1)	TP含量/ (g·kg^-1)	TK含量/ (g·kg^-1)
CK20	5.45±0.03 c	10.30±0.38 c	0.55±0.35 d	0.37±0.04 e	17.31±0.61 c
Okitsu20	4.66±0.02 f	31.36±1.12 a	1.72±0.06 a	1.02±0.01 c	24.73±0.90 ab
Ponkan20	5.21±0.01 d	25.00±4.28 b	1.59±0.06 b	1.50±0.01 a	23.72±0.58 b
CK40	5.96±0.02 a	11.70±1.86 c	0.35±0.08 e	0.26±0.03 f	18.21±0.60 c
Okitsu40	4.74±0.04 e	32.00±2.08 a	1.35±0.06 c	0.95±0.01 d	25.78±0.58 a
Ponkan40	5.72±0.10 b	30.05±2.34 a	1.48±0.06 b	1.39±0.01 b	23.95±0.58 b

处理	MBC/ (mg·kg^-1)	MBN/ (mg·kg^-1)	MBP/ (mg·kg^-1)
CK20	54.42±4.80 c	5.95±0.16 d	2.70±0.65 cd
Okitsu20	215.04±13.88 a	26.30±2.27 a	8.74±1.26 a
Ponkan20	130.29±42.38 b	14.40±1.08 b	5.47±1.77 b
CK40	32.05±4.63 c	3.60±1.24 d	1.80±0.07 d
Okitsu40	138.89±14.46 b	14.91±2.68 b	3.59±0.36 c
Ponkan40	56.11±5.87 c	10.57±1.08 c	3.23±1.06 cd

处理	MBC/ (mg·kg^-1)	MBN/ (mg·kg^-1)	MBP/ (mg·kg^-1)
CK20	54.42±4.80 c	5.95±0.16 d	2.70±0.65 cd
Okitsu20	215.04±13.88 a	26.30±2.27 a	8.74±1.26 a
Ponkan20	130.29±42.38 b	14.40±1.08 b	5.47±1.77 b
CK40	32.05±4.63 c	3.60±1.24 d	1.80±0.07 d
Okitsu40	138.89±14.46 b	14.91±2.68 b	3.59±0.36 c
Ponkan40	56.11±5.87 c	10.57±1.08 c	3.23±1.06 cd