浙江农业科学

浙江农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 66 ›› Issue (11): 2779-2785.DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250542

• 资源与环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

饮水型水库浮游生物的群落分布及其变化特征

贺文芳1(), 李明1, 田磊1, 黄福勇2, 梁骁2, 唐金玉2,*()   

  1. 1 金华市水产技术推广站, 浙江 金华 321017
    2 浙江省农业科学院 水生生物研究所, 浙江 杭州 310021
  • 收稿日期:2025-07-29 出版日期:2025-11-11 发布日期:2025-12-01
  • 通讯作者: 唐金玉,男,博士,主要从事水域生态和水产养殖工作;E-mail:tangjy@zaas.ac.cn。
  • 作者简介:贺文芳(1990—),女,工程师,主要从事水产技术推广工作,E-mail:hewfjh@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    金华市科技计划项目(2022-2-012)

Distribution and variation characteristics of plankton community in drinking water reservoirs

HE Wenfang1(), LI Ming1, TIAN Lei1, HUANG Fuyong2, LIANG Xiao2, TANG Jinyu2,*()   

  1. 1 Jinhua Fisheries Technology Extension Station, Jinhua 321017, Zhejiang
    2 Institute of Hydrobiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang
  • Received:2025-07-29 Online:2025-11-11 Published:2025-12-01

RichHTML

0

PDF (PC)

52

摘要：

本研究比较了金华市4座饮水型水库(通济桥水库、安地水库、沙畈水库和金兰水库)中浮游植物和浮游动物种类组成和季节性(丰水期和枯水期)变化,以期为饮水型水库的水生态健康和增殖放流提供参考。本试验共鉴出浮游植物7门24科57种,以绿藻和硅藻为主;浮游动物4大类19种,以枝角类和桡足类为主。浮游植物的丰度、生物量变化范围分别为0.215×105~19.267×105 cell·L-1和0.826×10-2~36.312×10-22 mg·L-1;而浮游动物的丰度、生物量变化范围分别为0.25~38.25 ind·L-1和0.018×10-3~544.875×10-3 mg·L-1。结果表明,不同季节间浮游植物和浮游动物的丰度和生物量差异较大,与水库的季节性差异有关。不同季节、不同水库间浮游植物的Shannon-Weaver多样性指数、Pielou均匀度指数和Margalef丰富度指数存在显著(p<0.05)差异,而浮游动物的差异不显著。分析认为,通济桥水库中蓝藻比例过高,有暴发蓝藻水华的风险。此外,4座水库中浮游生物的丰度和生物量均较低,可能是水库中鲢、鳙较强的牧食压力所致,建议对鲢、鳙进行合理捕捞以维护水质量安全。

关键词: 饮水型水库, 浮游植物, 浮游动物, 生物多样性, 净水渔业

Abstract:

The species composition and biodiversity of phytoplankton and zooplankton across two seasons (wet and dry periods) and 4 drinking water reservoirs (Tongjiqiao Reservoir, Andi Reservoir, Shafan Reservoir, and Jinlan Reservoir) were investigated to provide a scientific basis for aquatic ecological health and fishery management in Jinhua City. 57 phytoplankton species belonging to 24 families and 7 phyla were identified, with green algae and diatoms being predominant. Zooplankton comprised 19 species across 4 major taxa, dominated by cladocerans and copepods. The abundance and biomass of phytoplankton ranged from 0.215×105 to 19.267×105 cell·L-1 and 0.826×10-2 to 36.312×10-2 mg·L-1, respectively, while those of zooplankton ranged from 0.25 to 38.25 ind·L-1 and 0.018×10-3 to 544.875×10-3 mg·L-1, respectively. Both phytoplankton and zooplankton exhibited seasonal fluctuations in abundance and biomass, which were closely associated with the distinct seasonal variations within the reservoirs. The Shannon-Weaver diversity index, Pielou evenness index, and Margalef richness index of phytoplankton were significantly (p<0.05) different across seasons and reservoirs, while the inverse results were found in zooplankton. Our findings further indicated that the proportion of Cyanobacteria in Tongjiqiao Reservoir was notably high, raising concerns about the potential risk of cyanobacterial blooms. Moreover, the relatively low abundance and biomass of plankton across all reservoirs may be attributed to intense grazing pressure exerted by silver carp and bighead carp. Hence, it is recommended that a reasonable harvesting of silver carp and bighead carp will help to maintain the safety of drinking water quality.

Key words: drinking water reservoirs, phytoplankton, zooplankton, biodiversity, water purification fishery

中图分类号: