浙江农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 66 ›› Issue (10): 2376-2380.DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240624

• 果树与蔬菜 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同树形对梨冠层结构和果实品质的影响

黄梓洋(), 殷益明, 王莉()   

  1. 湖州市农业科学研究院,浙江 湖州 313000
  • 收稿日期:2024-07-31 出版日期:2025-10-11 发布日期:2025-10-21
  • 通讯作者: 王莉(1990—),女,四川雅安人,高级农艺师,硕士,从事果树栽培与生理研究工作,E-mail:1107479509@qq.com
  • 作者简介:黄梓洋(1994—),男,湖北洪湖人,农艺师,硕士,从事果树和花卉科研推广工作,E-mail:511169941@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    浙江省农业重大技术协同推广计划“梨宽行密植优质高效栽培技术示范推广”(2020XTTGGP01-02)

Effects of different tree shapes on canopy structure and fruit quality of pear

HUANG Ziyang(), YIN Yiming, WANG Li()   

  1. Huzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang
  • Received:2024-07-31 Online:2025-10-11 Published:2025-10-21

摘要: 为探究圆柱形和棚架形树形对梨冠层结构和果实品质的影响,并为南方梨园选择合适树形提供参考,本研究以翠玉和翠冠梨为试验材料,对2种树形的用工成本、生长发育情况、发病情况和果实品质进行了测定。结果表明,在翠冠和翠玉2个品种中,圆柱形树体的总枝量显著(P<0.05)多于棚架形。圆柱形树体抗病性有所提升。翠冠梨圆柱形和棚架形不同方位的果实可溶性固形物(TSS)含量为12.00%~13.00%,单果重为300.00~400.00 g,TSS含量和单果重都是棚架形高于圆柱形。圆柱形的用工量少于棚架形,后期也利于机械化操作。在实际生产中,梨园若以大规模商业化生产为主,建议使用圆柱形;若以观光采摘为主,建议使用棚架形。

关键词: 梨, 翠玉, 翠冠, 圆柱形, 棚架形

Abstract:

In order to explore the effects of cylindrical tree shape and trellis tree shape on the canopy structure and fruit quality of pear, and to provide reference for selecting suitable tree shapes in southern pear orchard, this study used Cuiyu and Cuiguan pear as experimental materials, and measured the labor cost, growth and development, disease incidence and fruit quality of two tree shapes. The results showed that the total number of branches of cylindrical tree type was significantly (P<0.05) higher than that of trellis tree type. The disease resistance of cylindrical tree type was improved. Total soluble solids(TSS) contents of Cuiguan pear in different directions of cylindrical tree shape and trellis tree shape were between 12.00% and 13.00%, and single fruit weight were between 300.00 g and 400.00 g, both of which were higher in trellis tree shape than in cylindrical tree shape. The labor amount of cylindrical tree shape was less than that of trellis tree shape, and the cylindrical tree shape was also conducive to mechanization. In the actual production, it is recommended to use cylindrical tree shape for large-scale commercial production, while it is recommended to use trellis tree shape for sightseeing picking.

Key words: pear, Cuiyu, Cuiguan, cylindrical tree shape, trellis tree shape

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