28-表高芸·赤·吲乙浸种对瓠瓜种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响

doi:10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240395

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为明确5种不同植物生长调节剂对瓠瓜种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响,在室内条件下,采用双层滤纸培养法测定了5种植物生长调节剂处理后瓠瓜种子萌发率。塑料大棚生产条件下,采用盆栽试验测定了不同浓度28-表高芸·赤·吲乙、赤霉酸、清水浸种16 h对瓠瓜种子萌发率、发芽势、发芽指数、活力指数的影响,并测量地上部鲜重、根重、株高、根长及茎基宽。结果表明,室内条件下,0.4、4.0 mg·L^-1赤霉酸与1.0 mg·L^-1 28-表高芸·赤·吲乙能促进瓠瓜种子的萌发。塑料大棚生产条件下,0.5、1.0 mg·L^-1 28-表高芸·赤·吲乙能提高瓠瓜种子萌发率、发芽指数、活力指数。并且0.5、1.0 mg·L^-1 28-表高芸·赤·吲乙促进瓠瓜种皮脱落,促进真叶及时舒展。此外,0.5、1.0 mg·L^-1 28-表高芸·赤·吲乙促进瓠瓜幼苗生长,地上部鲜重、根重、株高、根长及茎基宽显著优于其他处理。综上,采用0.5、1.0 mg·L^-1 28-表高芸·赤·吲乙浸种16 h后播种能促进瓠瓜种子萌发及幼苗生长,建议推广应用。

关键词: 植物生长调节剂, 瓠瓜种子, 萌发率, 幼苗生长

Abstract:

To determine the effect of different plant growth regulators on seed germination and seedling growth of calabash gourd, the germination rate of calabash gourd seeds treated with five plant growth regulators was measured using a double-layer filter paper cultivation method under indoor conditions. Under plastic greenhouse production conditions, pot experiments were conducted to determine the effects of soaking seeds in different concentrations of gibberellic acid·indol-3-ylacetic acid·28-epihomobrassinolide, gibberellic acid, water for 16 h on seed germination rate, germination potential, germination index and vitality index of calabash gourd seeds. The aboveground fresh weight, root weight, plant height, root length and stem base width of the seedlings were also measured. The results showed that 0.4, 4.0 mg·L^-1 gibberellic acid and 1.0 mg·L^-1 gibberellic acid·indol-3-ylacetic acid·28-epihomobrassinolide could promote the germination of calabash gourd seeds under indoor conditions. Under plastic greenhouse production conditions, 0.5 and 1.0 mg·L^-1 gibberellic acid·indol-3-ylacetic acid·28-epihomobrassinolide could improve the seed germination rate, germination index and vitality index of calabash gourd seedlings. In addition, 0.5 and 1.0 mg·L^-1 gibberellic acid·indol-3-ylacetic acid·28-epihomobrassinolide promoted seed coat shedding and helped the true leaves to stretch in time. 0.5 and 1.0 mg·L^-1 gibberellic acid·indol-3-ylacetic acid·28-epihomobrassinolide promoted the growth of calabash gourd seedlings, and were significantly superior to other methods in aboveground fresh weight, root weight, plant height, root length and stem base width. In summary, soaking seeds in 0.5 and 1.0 mg·L^-1 gibberellic acid·indol-3-ylacetic acid·28-epihomobrassinolide for 16 h before sowing can promote the germination of calabash gourd seeds and the growth of seedlings, which is recommended to promote the application.

Key words: plant growth regulator, calabash gourd seed, germination rate, seedling growth

中图分类号:

S642

项秉晗, 何杰, 蔡新仪, 潘苏峰, 闫成进, 高柳肖, 陈佳佳, 余扬波, 张振, 余海冰. 28-表高芸·赤·吲乙浸种对瓠瓜种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响[J]. 浙江农业科学, 2025, 66(8): 1871-1876.

XIANG Binghan, HE Jie, CAI Xinyi, PAN Sufeng, YAN Chengjin, GAO Liuxiao, CHEN Jiajia, YU Yangbo, ZHANG Zhen, YU Haibing. Effect of soaking seeds in gibberellic acid·indol-3-ylacetic acid·28-epihomobrassinolide on the germination of calabash gourd seeds and the growth of seedlings[J]. Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 66(8): 1871-1876.

图/表 8

表1 5种不同植物生长调节剂室内试验设计

Table 1 Indoor experimental design of five different plant growth regulators

处理方式	推荐使用浓度/ (mg·L^-1)	试验浓度/ (mg·L^-1)
清水	0	0	0	0
14-羟基芸苔素甾醇	4	0.4	4.0	40.0
28-高芸苔素内酯	40	4.0	40.0	400.0
24-表高芸苔素内酯	40	4.0	40.0	400.0
赤霉酸	4	0.4	4.0	40.0
28-表高芸·赤·吲乙	4	0.1	1.0	10.0

表2 5种不同植物生长调节剂田间试验设计

Table 2 Field experiment design of five different plant growth regulators

处理方式	使用剂量/(mg·L^-1)
清水	0
磕种	0
28-表高芸·赤·吲乙	0.5
	1.0
	2.0
赤霉酸	4.0

表3 5种不同植物生长调节剂在室内条件下对瓠瓜种子萌发的影响

Table 3 Effects of five different plant growth regulators on seed germination of calabash gourd under indoor conditions

处理方式	浓度/ (mg·L^-1)	最终萌发率/%	标准误	差异显著性
清水	0	57.78	5.879	b
14-羟基芸苔素甾醇	0.4	64.44	4.443	b
	4.0	66.67	0	b
	40.0	51.11	2.220	b
28-高芸苔素内酯	4.0	40.00	11.547	c
	40.0	64.44	8.013	b
	400.0	13.33	3.848	d
24-表高芸苔素内酯	4.0	55.56	2.223	b
	40.0	31.11	5.879	c
	400.0	35.56	4.443	c
赤霉酸	0.4	75.56	4.443	a
	4.0	71.11	4.443	a
	40.0	31.11	4.443	c
28-表高芸·赤·吲乙	0.1	57.78	2.223	b
	1.0	82.22	2.223	a
	10.0	40.00	0	c

图1 不同处理方式下瓠瓜种子萌发情况 Ⅰ表示清水处理;Ⅱ表示磕种处理;Ⅲ表示4.0 mg·L-1 赤霉酸处理;Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ分别表示0.5、1.0、2.0 mg·L-1 28-表高芸·赤·吲乙处理。图2~4同。

Fig.1 Seed germination of calabash gourd under different treatment methods

表4 不同处理方式对瓠瓜种子萌发的影响

Table 4 Effects of different treatments on seed germination of calabash gourd

处理方式	最终萌发率/%	发芽势/%	发芽指数	活力指数
清水	80.00±2.31 b	28.00±2.31 b	1.64±0.04 b	6.98±0.16 b
磕种	74.67±3.53 b	45.33±3.53 a	1.85±0.10 ab	6.84±0.36 b
4.0 mg·L^-1赤霉酸	77.33±3.53 b	20.00±0 c	1.47±0.06 c	5.36±0.22 c
0.5 mg·L^-1 28-表高芸·赤·吲乙	92.00±2.31 a	36.00±0 ab	1.99±0.16 a	10.04±0.80 a
1.0 mg·L^-1 28-表高芸·赤·吲乙	90.67±3.53 a	29.33±7.42 b	1.93±0.13 ab	10.10±0.69 a
2.0 mg·L^-1 28-表高芸·赤·吲乙	72.00±4.00 b	22.67±4.81 bc	1.41±0.10 c	5.08±0.35 c

图2 不同处理方式对瓠瓜种子萌发戴帽率的影响柱上无相同小写字母表示不同处理间差异显著(P<0.05)。图3、4同。

Fig.2 Effects of different treatments on cap germination rate of calabash gourd seeds

图3 不同处理方式对瓠瓜幼苗株高、地上部鲜重、茎基宽的影响

Fig.3 Effects of different treatments on plant height,aboveground fresh weight, stem base width of calabash gourd seedlings

图4 不同处理方式对瓠瓜幼苗根长、根重的影响

Fig.4 Effects of different treatments on root length and root weight of calabash gourd seedlings

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