NaCl胁迫对不同类型大葱种子萌发的影响

doi:10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240325

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探究大葱种子萌发期耐盐程度,以9份不同类型大葱种子为试验材料,设置不同NaCl浓度处理,研究盐胁迫对大葱种子萌发的影响。研究发现,100 mmol·L^-1以下NaCl浓度处理时,大葱种子相对发芽率与0 mmol·L^-1 NaCl差异不显著,多数品种的种子相对发芽率在NaCl浓度为200 mmol·L^-1时受到明显抑制;在NaCl浓度为250 mmol·L^-1时,2号和3号品种相对发芽率高于80%,其他品种的相对发芽率降低至60%以下,所有品种相对发芽势降低至30%以下,因此,可选择250 mmol·L^-1 NaCl浓度作为鉴定大葱种质资源耐盐性的合适浓度。根据相对发芽率、相对发芽势、相对发芽指数、根长、芽长等指标进行综合评价,不同类型大葱品种种子萌发期耐盐程度为棒状大葱>出口保鲜大葱>鸡腿大葱>分蘖大葱,其中测试品种中种子萌发期受盐离子胁迫影响最小的品种为3号品种鲁葱杂5号。此研究为下一步耐盐碱品种的选育及盐碱地推广奠定基础。

关键词: 大葱, 萌发期, 耐盐性, 综合评价

Abstract:

To investigate the salt tolerance of welsh onion seeds during germination, nine different types of welsh onion seeds were used as experimental materials. The seeds were treated with varying concentrations of NaCl to study the effects of salt stress on seed germination. The results showed that at NaCl concentrations below 100 mmol·L^-1, the relative germination rate of welsh onion seeds did not differ significantly from that under 0 mmol·L^-1 NaCl treatment. Relative germination rate of most varieties was significantly inhibited at a NaCl concentration of 200 mmol·L^-1. Under 250 mmol·L^-1 NaCl, the relative germination rate of varieties 2 and 3 remained above 80%, while that of other varieties decreased to below 60%. Additionally, the relative germination vigor of all varieties dropped below 30%. Therefore, 250 mmol·L^-1 NaCl was identified as a suitable concentration for evaluating the salt tolerance of welsh onion germplasm resources. Based on a comprehensive evaluation of indicators including relative germination rate, relative germination vigor, relative germination index, root length, and shoot length, the salt tolerance during the germination stage of different welsh onion types was ranked as follows: club-shaped welsh onion > export-preserved welsh onion > drumstick welsh onion > tillering welsh onion. Among the tested varieties, variety 3 (Lucongza 5) exhibited the least inhibition of seed germination under salt stress. This study lays the foundation for the future breeding of salt-tolerant varieties and their promotion in saline-alkali soils.

Key words: welsh onion, germination stage, salt tolerance, comprehensive evaluation

中图分类号:

S663.1

王清华, 岳丽昕, 刘泽洲, 高莉敏. NaCl胁迫对不同类型大葱种子萌发的影响[J]. 浙江农业科学, 2025, 66(9): 2157-2164.

WANG Qinghua, YUE Lixin, LIU Zezhou, GAO Limin. Effects of NaCl stress on the germination of different types of welsh onions[J]. Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 66(9): 2157-2164.

图/表 11

参考文献 30

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品种编号	不同NaCl浓度(mmol·L^-1)的相对发芽率/%
品种编号	0	50	100	150	200	250	300	350
1	100.00 a A	101.70 a A	102.04 a A	82.31 ab AB	66.67 b B	31.63 c C	27.55 c C	24.15 c C
2	100.00 a A	98.67 a A	100.00 a A	93.33 a A	96.00 a A	80.00 a AB	53.33 b BC	28.33 c C
3	100.00 a A	101.03 a A	101.38 a A	99.31 a A	96.55 a A	94.82 a A	62.07 b B	31.72 c C
4	100.00 a A	100.34 a A	100.68 a A	95.98 a A	87.92 a A	57.05 b B	29.53 c C	4.03 d C
5	100.00 a A	99.33 a A	98.66 a A	97.65 a A	74.16 b AB	49.33 c B	28.67 d C	7.33 d C
6	100.00 a A	99.63 a A	93.63 a A	86.52 a A	51.69 b B	37.45 b BC	32.96 bc BC	16.11 c C
7	100.00 a A	100.68 a A	100.00 a A	89.78 bc AB	77.78 c B	36.00 d C	26.44 c B	7.11 e D
8	100.00 a A	99.33 a A	100.00 a A	100.00 a A	87.54 a A	36.36 b B	14.82 c BC	6.73 c C
9	100.00 a A	100.00 a A	98.33 a A	96.98 a A	64.77 b B	18.12 c C	13.09 c C	9.73 c C

品种编号	不同NaCl浓度(mmol·L^-1)的相对发芽率/%
品种编号	0	50	100	150	200	250	300	350
1	100.00 a A	101.70 a A	102.04 a A	82.31 ab AB	66.67 b B	31.63 c C	27.55 c C	24.15 c C
2	100.00 a A	98.67 a A	100.00 a A	93.33 a A	96.00 a A	80.00 a AB	53.33 b BC	28.33 c C
3	100.00 a A	101.03 a A	101.38 a A	99.31 a A	96.55 a A	94.82 a A	62.07 b B	31.72 c C
4	100.00 a A	100.34 a A	100.68 a A	95.98 a A	87.92 a A	57.05 b B	29.53 c C	4.03 d C
5	100.00 a A	99.33 a A	98.66 a A	97.65 a A	74.16 b AB	49.33 c B	28.67 d C	7.33 d C
6	100.00 a A	99.63 a A	93.63 a A	86.52 a A	51.69 b B	37.45 b BC	32.96 bc BC	16.11 c C
7	100.00 a A	100.68 a A	100.00 a A	89.78 bc AB	77.78 c B	36.00 d C	26.44 c B	7.11 e D
8	100.00 a A	99.33 a A	100.00 a A	100.00 a A	87.54 a A	36.36 b B	14.82 c BC	6.73 c C
9	100.00 a A	100.00 a A	98.33 a A	96.98 a A	64.77 b B	18.12 c C	13.09 c C	9.73 c C

品种编号	不同NaCl浓度(mmol·L^-1)的相对发芽势/%
品种编号	0	50	100	150	200	250	300	350
1	100.00 a A	100.35 a A	100.00 a A	65.76 b B	34.93 c C	6.85 d D	2.40 d D	0.69d D
2	100.00 a A	98.32 a A	100.33 a A	62.21 b B	44.15 c B	14.72 d C	2.68 de C	0 e C
3	100.00 a A	100.69 a A	96.88 a AB	86.11 ab AB	77.78 b B	26.04 c C	4.86 d D	0 d D
4	100.00 a A	100.34 a A	99.67 a A	88.59 a A	52.02 b B	8.39 c C	1.34 c C	0 c C
5	100.00 a A	99.00 a A	98.66 a AB	95.98 a AB	70.81 b BC	11.75 c C	2.69 d D	0 d D
6	100.00 a A	92.40 a A	86.69 a A	39.92 b B	2.66 c C	2.28 c C	1.52 c C	0 c C
7	100.00 a A	100.18 a A	83.86 b B	38.57 c C	5.83 d D	0.90 d D	0 d D	0 d D
8	100.00 a A	99.32 a A	98.65 a A	93.58 ab A	82.77 b A	15.54 c B	2.37 cd B	0 d B
9	100.00 a A	99.00 a A	97.32 a A	88.93 a A	38.59 b B	3.36 c C	0 c C	0 c C

品种编号	不同NaCl浓度(mmol·L^-1)的相对发芽势/%
品种编号	0	50	100	150	200	250	300	350
1	100.00 a A	100.35 a A	100.00 a A	65.76 b B	34.93 c C	6.85 d D	2.40 d D	0.69d D
2	100.00 a A	98.32 a A	100.33 a A	62.21 b B	44.15 c B	14.72 d C	2.68 de C	0 e C
3	100.00 a A	100.69 a A	96.88 a AB	86.11 ab AB	77.78 b B	26.04 c C	4.86 d D	0 d D
4	100.00 a A	100.34 a A	99.67 a A	88.59 a A	52.02 b B	8.39 c C	1.34 c C	0 c C
5	100.00 a A	99.00 a A	98.66 a AB	95.98 a AB	70.81 b BC	11.75 c C	2.69 d D	0 d D
6	100.00 a A	92.40 a A	86.69 a A	39.92 b B	2.66 c C	2.28 c C	1.52 c C	0 c C
7	100.00 a A	100.18 a A	83.86 b B	38.57 c C	5.83 d D	0.90 d D	0 d D	0 d D
8	100.00 a A	99.32 a A	98.65 a A	93.58 ab A	82.77 b A	15.54 c B	2.37 cd B	0 d B
9	100.00 a A	99.00 a A	97.32 a A	88.93 a A	38.59 b B	3.36 c C	0 c C	0 c C

品种编号	不同NaCl浓度(mmol·L^-1)的相对发芽指数/%
品种编号	0	50	100	150	200	250	300	350
1	100.00 a A	95.89 ab A	85.60 b A	52.56 c B	33.75 d C	12.83 e D	8.79 e D	7.42 e D
2	100.00 a A	92.11 ab A	85.12 b A	53.39 c B	46.92 cd BC	32.97 d CD	18.04 e DE	8.23 e E
3	100.00 a A	98.06 a AB	80.58 b BC	62.96 c CD	51.17 cd DE	40.07 d EF	22.27 e FG	10.01 e G
4	100.00 a A	81.23 b B	78.13 b BC	62.09 c CD	45.27 d D	22.93 e E	9.91 ef EF	1.26 f F
5	100.00 a A	86.81 b AB	73.48 c B	56.30 d C	38.01 e D	20.97 f E	1.45 g F	0 g F
6	100.00 a A	79.73 b B	70.97 b B	39.05 c C	12.36 d D	17.12 d D	11.12 d D	4.71 d D
7	100.00 a A	84.57 b A	64.54 c B	57.19 c BC	43.90 d CD	30.54 e D	14.65 f E	0.85 g E
8	100.00 a A	89.82 a A	71.21 b B	56.36 c BC	40.42 d C	10.61 e D	3.15 e D	1.14 e D
9	100.00 a A	79.34 b B	68.82 b B	47.16 c C	18.58 d D	3.17 e D	1.42 e D	1.58 e D