毛果青冈苗期碳氮磷钾生态化学计量特征

doi:10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240163

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 毛果青冈是浙江省极小种群保护植物,研究毛果青冈植株碳(C)、氮(N)、磷(P)、钾(K)含量及化学计量比,能够为其苗期的养分管理提供数据支撑。本研究以泰顺县的毛果青冈幼苗为对象,分析1、3、5 a生不同器官的生物量和C、N、P、K含量。结果表明,毛果青冈地径随着树龄增大而增大,各器官生物量的增幅依次为叶>茎>根。叶、茎的C含量平均值显著(P<0.05)高于根,叶的N、K含量平均值显著高于茎、根,P含量在根、茎、叶中无显著差异。3 a生毛果青冈的根中N含量显著低于1、5 a生的,1 a生毛果青冈的根、茎、叶中的P、K含量显著高于5 a生的。1 a生毛果青冈根、茎、叶的C∶P、N∶P、K∶P和根、茎的N∶K、C∶K均显著低于3、5 a生。毛果青冈C在不同器官中的分配总体表现为茎>叶>根,N和K在不同器官中的平均分配比例均为叶>茎>根,P在不同器官中的平均分配比例为茎=叶>根。毛果青冈叶片C含量与N含量呈显著正相关,苗期生长主要受N的限制,今后在苗木养分管理中应增施氮肥,以促进苗木生长。

关键词: 毛果青冈, 树龄, 器官, 碳, 氮, 磷, 钾

Abstract:

Cyclobalanopsis pachyloma is a provincially protected plant with extremely small populations in Zhejiang Province. Studying the carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) contents and stoichiometric ratios in C. pachyloma plants can provide critical data to support nutrient management during the seedling stage. This study analyzed the biomass and C, N, P, K contents in different organs of 1-, 3-, and 5-year-old C. pachyloma seedlings in Taishun County. The results showed that the basal diameter of C. pachyloma increased with tree age, and the increment in biomass across tissues followed the order: leaves>stems>roots. The average C content in leaves and stems was significantly higher than in roots, while the average N and K contents in leaves were significantly (P<0.05) higher than in stems and roots. No significant differences in P content were observed among roots, stems, and leaves. The N content in roots of 3-year-old seedlings was significantly lower than in 1- and 5-year-old seedlings. The P and K contents in roots, stems, and leaves of 1-year-old seedlings were significantly higher than in 5-year-old seedlings. The C∶P, N∶P, K∶P ratios in roots, stems, and leaves, as well as the N∶K and C∶K ratios in roots and stems of 1-year-old seedlings, were significantly lower than those of 3- and 5-year-old seedlings. The allocation of C across tissues generally followed: stems>leaves>roots. The average allocation proportions of N and K across tissues were leaves>stems>roots, while for P, the proportions were stems=leaves>roots. Leaf C content was significantly positively correlated with N content. Seedling growth was primarily limited by N; thus, nitrogen fertilization should be increased in future nutrient management practices to promote seedling growth.

Key words: Cyclobalanopsis pachyloma, tree age, tissue, carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium

中图分类号:

S718.5

江彦苹, 潘向东, 雷祖培, 吴家森, 刘西. 毛果青冈苗期碳氮磷钾生态化学计量特征[J]. 浙江农业科学, 2025, 66(10): 2418-2425.

JIANG Yanping, PAN Xiangdong, LEI Zupei, WU Jiasen, LIU Xi. Ecological econometric characteristics of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in the seedling stage of Cyclobalanopsis pachyloma[J]. Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 66(10): 2418-2425.

图/表 7

参考文献 37

[1]	ELSER J J, STERNER R W, GOROKHOVA E, et al. Biological stoichiometry from genes to ecosystems[J]. Ecology Letters, 2000, 3(6): 540-550.
[2]	贺金生, 韩兴国. 生态化学计量学: 探索从个体到生态系统的统一化理论[J]. 植物生态学报, 2010, 34(1): 2-6.
[3]	MICHAELS A F. BIOGEOCHEMISTRY: the ratios of life[J]. Science, 2003, 300(5621): 906-907.
[4]	曾德慧, 陈广生. 生态化学计量学: 复杂生命系统奥秘的探索[J]. 植物生态学报, 2005, 29(6): 1007-1019.
[5]	邢伟, 刘寒, 刘贵华. 生态化学计量学在水生态系统中的研究与应用[J]. 植物科学学报, 2015, 33(5): 608-619.
[6]	PERSSON J, FINK P, GOTO A, et al. To be or not to be what you eat: regulation of stoichiometric homeostasis among autotrophs and heterotrophs[J]. Oikos, 2010, 119(5): 741-751.
[7]	朱育锋, 吴玲, 彭晚霞, 等. 广西不同林龄桉树人工林叶—凋落物—土壤C、N、P生态化学计量特征[J]. 中南林业科技大学学报, 2019, 39(6): 92-98, 106.
[8]	HAN W X, FANG J Y, GUO D L, et al. Leaf nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometry across 753 terrestrial plant species in China[J]. New Phytologist, 2005, 168(2): 377-385.
[9]	魏亚娟, 汪季, 党晓宏, 等. 白刺灌丛沙堆演化过程中叶片C、N、P、K含量及其生态化学计量的变化特征[J]. 中南林业科技大学学报, 2021, 41(10): 102-110, 139.
[10]	STERNER R W, ELSER J J. Ecological Stoichiometry: The Biology of Elements from Molecules to the Biosphere[M]. Princeton, N J: Princeton University Press, 2003.
[11]	GÜSEWELL S. N: P ratios in terrestrial plants: variation and functional significance[J]. New Phytologist, 2004, 164(2): 243-266.
[12]	MA W J, LI J, JIMOH S O, et al. Stoichiometric ratios support plant adaption to grazing moderated by soil nutrients and root enzymes[J]. Peer J, 2019, 7: e7047.
[13]	李丽, 胡君, 于倩楠, 等. 横断山区高山栎组灌木型植物C、N、P生态化学计量特征[J]. 山地学报, 2018, 36(6): 878-888.
[14]	吴家森, 蒋仲龙, 吕爱华, 等. 不同年龄杨梅各器官氮、磷、钾化学计量特征[J]. 江西农业大学学报, 2019, 41(3): 447-453.
[15]	王增, 蒋仲龙, 刘海英, 等. 油茶不同器官氮、磷、钾化学计量特征随年龄的变化[J]. 浙江农林大学学报, 2019, 36(2): 264-270.
[16]	刘思涵. 黄土丘陵区梯田土壤质量演变及培肥效应研究[D]. 杨凌: 西北农林科技大学, 2015.
[17]	杨文高, 字洪标, 陈科宇, 等. 青海森林生态系统中灌木层和土壤生态化学计量特征[J]. 植物生态学报, 2019, 43(4): 352-364.
[18]	李莹, 陈永滨, 范辉华, 等. 福建19种主要造林乡土阔叶树种光响应曲线特性分析[J]. 西部林业科学, 2020, 49(1): 59-64.
[19]	刘惠芳. 福建柏卷斗青冈不同方式造林效果分析[J]. 安徽农学通报, 2015, 21(15): 116-118.
[20]	陈克铭. 珍贵树种卷斗青岗造林试验[J]. 绿色科技, 2015, 17(8): 146-149.
[21]	林龙. 卷斗青冈轻基质育苗试验初探[J]. 亚热带农业研究, 2015, 11(2): 111-115.
[22]	翁少平. 乌岩岭自然保护区志[M]. 北京: 中国时代经济出版社, 2014.
[23]	叶晶, 葛高波, 应雨骐, 等. 青皮竹地上部营养元素的吸收、积累和分配特性研究[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2015, 21(1): 164-170.
[24]	鲍士旦. 土壤农化分析[M]. 3版. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2000.
[25]	ZHANG J H, HE N P, LIU C C, et al. Allocation strategies for nitrogen and phosphorus in forest plants[J]. Oikos, 2018, 127(10): 1506-1514.
[26]	孔维苇, 王晓锋, 卢虹宇, 等. 三峡库区消落带4种典型草本植物的生态化学计量特征[J]. 生态学报, 2020, 40(13): 4493-4506.
[27]	TANG Z Y, XU W T, ZHOU G Y, et al. Patterns of plant carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus concentration in relation to productivity in China’s terrestrial ecosystems[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2018, 115(16): 4033-4038.
[28]	MA S H, HE F, TIAN D, et al. Variations and determinants of carbon content in plants: a global synthesis[J]. Biogeosciences, 2018, 15(3): 693-702.
[29]	黄建军, 王希华. 浙江天童32种常绿阔叶树叶片的营养及结构特征[J]. 华东师范大学学报(自然科学版), 2003(1): 92-97.
[30]	任书杰, 于贵瑞, 陶波, 等. 中国东部南北样带654种植物叶片氮和磷的化学计量学特征研究[J]. 环境科学, 2007, 28(12): 2665-2673.
[31]	秦海, 李俊祥, 高三平, 等. 中国660种陆生植物叶片8种元素含量特征[J]. 生态学报, 2010, 30(5): 1247-1257.
[32]	赵维俊, 刘贤德, 金铭, 等. 祁连山青海云杉林叶片—枯落物—土壤的碳氮磷生态化学计量特征[J]. 土壤学报, 2016, 53(2): 477-489.
[33]	黄雪梅, 马永红, 董廷发. 连香树雌雄植株叶片碳氮磷化学计量特征[J]. 西华师范大学学报(自然科学版), 2019, 40(4): 332-338.
[34]	杨思琪, 赵旭剑, 森道, 等. 天山中段植物叶片碳氮磷化学计量及其海拔变化特征[J]. 干旱区研究, 2017, 34(6): 1371-1379.
[35]	CORNELISSEN J H C, LAVOREL S, GARNIER E, et al. A handbook of protocols for standardised and easy measurement of plant functional traits worldwide[J]. Australian Journal of Botany, 2003, 51(4): 335.
[36]	KOERSELMAN W, MEULEMAN A F M. The vegetation N∶P ratio: a new tool to detect the nature of nutrient limitation[J]. The Journal of Applied Ecology, 1996, 33(6): 1441.
[37]	OLDE VENTERINK H, WASSEN M J, VERKROOST A W M, et al. Species richness-productivity patterns differ between N-, P-, and K-limited wetlands[J]. Ecology, 2003, 84(8): 2191-2199.

树龄/ a	地径/ mm	根		茎		叶		全株生物量/ (g·株^-1)
树龄/ a	地径/ mm	生物量/(g·株^-1)	占比/%	生物量/(g·株^-1)	占比/%	生物量/(g·株^-1)	占比/%	全株生物量/ (g·株^-1)
1	5.22	5.06	31.8	6.46	40.7	4.37	27.5	15.89
3	9.58	42.96	33.9	48.12	37.9	35.83	28.2	126.91
5	12.69	74.36	28.4	107.8	41.2	79.60	30.4	261.76

树龄/ a	地径/ mm	根		茎		叶		全株生物量/ (g·株^-1)
树龄/ a	地径/ mm	生物量/(g·株^-1)	占比/%	生物量/(g·株^-1)	占比/%	生物量/(g·株^-1)	占比/%	全株生物量/ (g·株^-1)
1	5.22	5.06	31.8	6.46	40.7	4.37	27.5	15.89
3	9.58	42.96	33.9	48.12	37.9	35.83	28.2	126.91
5	12.69	74.36	28.4	107.8	41.2	79.60	30.4	261.76

器官	C	N	P	K
根	364.78±25.53 b	4.77±0.16 b	1.03±0.18 a	9.20±1.02 b
茎	431.69±8.35 a	5.09±0.20 b	1.10±0.18 a	9.01±0.60 b
叶	413.11±10.51 a	11.08±0.23 a	1.10±0.18 a	14.72±0.36 a

器官	C	N	P	K
根	364.78±25.53 b	4.77±0.16 b	1.03±0.18 a	9.20±1.02 b
茎	431.69±8.35 a	5.09±0.20 b	1.10±0.18 a	9.01±0.60 b
叶	413.11±10.51 a	11.08±0.23 a	1.10±0.18 a	14.72±0.36 a

器官	C∶N	C∶P	C∶K	N∶P	N∶K	K∶P
根	76.47±7.26 a	354.16±36.54 a	39.65±4.23 a	4.63±0.51 b	0.52±0.04 b	8.93±0.91 b
茎	84.81±8.35 a	392.45±40.23 a	47.91±5.49 a	4.63±0.47 b	0.56±0.05 b	8.19±0.87 b
叶	37.28±3.69 b	375.55±39.47 a	28.06±3.02 b	10.07±1.26 a	0.75±0.08 a	13.38±1.57 a