浙江农业科学

浙江农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 66 ›› Issue (11): 2562-2565.DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250452

• 粮食作物 • 上一篇    下一篇

机插同步侧深施肥对双季稻产量及氮肥利用率的影响

孔海民1(), 姜铭北2,*(), 连正华1, 陈红金1, 赵钰杰3, 张耿苗3, 陈照明4, 王强4,*()   

  1. 1 浙江省耕地质量与肥料管理总站, 浙江 杭州 310020
    2 淳安县农业农村发展服务中心, 浙江 淳安 311108
    3 诸暨市农业技术推广中心, 浙江 诸暨 311899
    4 浙江省农业科学院 环境资源与土壤肥料研究所, 浙江 杭州 310021
  • 收稿日期:2025-06-25 出版日期:2025-11-11 发布日期:2025-12-01
  • 通讯作者: 王强(1979—),男,浙江江山人,研究员,从事作物养分高效利用等方面的研究,E-mail: qwang0571@126.com;
    姜铭北(1972—),男,浙江淳安人,推广研究员,本科,从事土壤肥料研究与推广方面的工作,E-mail:jmb5858@sina.com。
  • 作者简介:孔海民(1986—),女,山东肥城人,高级农艺师,从事土肥技术推广等方面的工作,E-mail: konghaimin2004@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    2023年度杭州市农业科技协作与创新攻关项目(202306TD08);浙江省“尖兵”“领雁”研发攻关计划项目(2023C2005);浙江省“尖兵”“领雁”研发攻关计划项目(2023C2015)

Effects of mechanized transplanting with synchronized side-deep fertilization on yield and nitrogen use efficiency of double-cropping rice

KONG Haimin1(), JIANG Mingbei2,*(), LIAN Zhenghua1, CHEN Hongjin1, ZHAO Yujie3, ZHANG Gengmiao3, CHEN Zhaoming4, WANG Qiang4,*()   

  1. 1 Zhejiang Cultivated Land Quality and Fertilizer Administration Station, Hangzhou 310020, Zhejiang
    2 Agriculture and Rural Development Service Center of Chun'an County, Chun'an 311108, Zhejiang
    3 Zhuji Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Zhuji 311899, Zhejiang
    4 Institute of Environment, Resource, Soil and Fertilizer, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang
  • Received:2025-06-25 Online:2025-11-11 Published:2025-12-01

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摘要：

为探究机插同步侧深施肥对双季稻产量、氮素积累与利用的影响,本研究以早稻中早39和晚稻甬优15为供试材料,于2022—2024年开展大田试验。试验共设5个处理:仅不施氮肥,其他肥料撒施(T1);常规施肥,撒施(T2);定额施肥,撒施(T3);配方深施,侧深施肥(T4);缓释肥,侧深施肥(T5)。结果表明,与T2处理相比,T4和T5处理早稻产量分别显著(p<0.05)提高18.3%和24.7%,晚稻产量分别显著提高10.1%和8.9%。此外,T4和T5处理的双季稻总产量显著高于T3处理,且两处理的植株总氮积累量也显著高于T1、T2和T3处理。在氮肥利用方面,T4和T5处理的早稻氮肥表观利用率、农学效率和偏生产力均显著高于T2和T3处理。对于晚稻,T4和T5处理的氮肥表观利用率也显著高于T2和T3处理。综上所述,机插同步侧深施肥技术可在减少肥料用量的同时,提高双季稻产量和氮肥利用率,是一种适宜于浙江双季稻生产的施肥方式。

关键词: 双季稻, 侧深施肥, 氮肥利用率, 产量

Abstract:

To investigate the effects of mechanized transplanting with synchronized side-deep fertilization on yield, nitrogen accumulation, and utilization of double-cropping rice, a field experiment was conducted from 2022 to 2024 using varieties Zhongzao 39 (early rice) and Yongyou 15 (late rice). Five treatments were established: no nitrogen fertilization, other fertilizers broadcast application (T1); conventional fertilization, broadcast application (T2); fixed-quantity fertilization, broadcast application (T3); formula fertilizer, side-deep fertilization (T4); slow-release fertilizer, side-deep fertilization (T5). The results showed that, compared with T2, the yields of early rice in T4, and T5 significantly (p<0.05) increased by 18.3%, and 24.7%, respectively, and late rice yields significantly increased by 10.1%, and 8.9%, respectively. In addition, the total yield of double-cropping rice in T4 and T5 was significantly higher than that in T3, and nitrogen accumulation in these two treatments was also significantly higher than that in T1, T2, and T3. Regarding nitrogen use efficiency, the apparent nitrogen recovery efficiency, agronomic efficiency, and partial factor productivity of early rice in T4 and T5 were significantly higher than those in T2 and T3. For late rice, the apparent nitrogen recovery efficiency in T4 and T5 was also significantly higher than that in T2 and T3. In conclusion, mechanized transplanting with synchronized side-deep fertilization can reduce fertilizer input while increasing yield and nitrogen use efficiency in double-cropping rice, making it a suitable fertilization method for rice production in Zhejiang Province.

Key words: double-cropping rice, side-deep fertilization, nitrogen use efficiency, yield

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