丝瓜种子破除休眠方法的研究

doi:10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250822

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

丝瓜新收种子存在不同程度的休眠，在生产中易造成出苗率低、整齐度差等问题。本研究以浙丝203与浙丝302新收种子为材料，进行人工破壳，并通过清水、赤霉素、果胶酶与果胶酶+赤霉素浸种，测定不同处理下种子的发芽势与发芽率，以期明确不同处理对种子萌发的影响。结果表明，与未破壳种子相比，经过人工破壳后，浙丝302种子发芽势与发芽率均得到显著（p<0.05）提升，浙丝203种子发芽势显著增高。通过分析不同浸种条件，发现人工破壳处理结合300 mg·L^-1赤霉素浸种提升浙丝203与浙丝302种子的发芽势与发芽率的效果最好。综上，人工破壳与赤霉素浸种相结合的方法能够破除种子休眠，提高丝瓜种子的发芽势与发芽率，大大缩短育苗周期，为丝瓜集约化育苗提供技术支撑。

关键词: 丝瓜, 种子休眠, 浸种, 人工破壳, 萌发

Abstract:

Newly harvested Luffa aegyptiaca seeds exhibit varying degrees of dormancy，which can lead to low germination rates and poor uniformity during agricultural production. In this study，newly harvested seeds of Zhesi 203 and Zhesi 302 were used as experimental materials. Treatments included artificial shell-breaking followed by soaking in water，gibberellin，pectinase，or a combination of pectinase and gibberellin. The germination potential and germination rate of seeds under different treatments were measured to elucidate their effects on seed germination. The results indicated that，compared with untreated seeds，after artificial shell-breaking，the germination potential and germination rate of Zhesi 302 seeds were significantly（p<0.05）improved，and the germination potential of Zhesi 203 seeds was significantly increased. Through analysis of different soaking conditions，it was found that the combination of artificial shell-breaking and 300 mg·L^-1 gibberellin soaking had the best effect on improving the germination potential and germination rate of Zhesi 203 and Zhesi 302 seeds. In conclusion，the combination of artificial shell-breaking and gibberellin soaking could effectively break seed dormancy，improve the germination potential and germination rate of Luffa aegyptiaca seeds，substantially shorten the seedling-raising period，and provide technical support for the intensive seedling production of Luffa aegyptiaca.

Key words: Luffa aegyptiaca, seed dormancy, seed soaking, artificial shell-breaking, germination

中图分类号:

S642.4

高璐瑶, 董文其, 周胜军, 王欣, 朱育强, 张鹏, 孙玉燕. 丝瓜种子破除休眠方法的研究[J]. 浙江农业科学, 2026, 67(2): 418-423.

GAO Luyao, DONG Wenqi, ZHOU Shengjun, WANG Xin, ZHU Yuqiang, ZHANG Peng, SUN Yuyan. Study on methods for breaking seed dormancy in Luffa aegyptiaca[J]. Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences, 2026, 67(2): 418-423.

图/表 4

图1 人工破壳对浙丝203与浙丝302种子萌发的影响ns表示不同处理在0.05水平无显著差异，“*”表示不同处理在0.05水平差异显著，图2～4同。

Fig. 1 Effect of artificial shell-breaking on seed germination of Zhesi 203 and Zhesi 302

图2 赤霉素浸种对浙丝203与浙丝302种子萌发的影响

Fig. 2 Effect of gibberellin soaking on seed germination of Zhesi 203 and Zhesi 302

图3 果胶酶浸种对浙丝203与浙丝302种子萌发的影响

Fig. 3 Effect of pectinase treatment on seed germination of Zhesi 203 and Zhesi 302

图4 果胶酶+赤霉素联合浸种对浙丝203与浙丝302种子萌发的影响

Fig. 4 Effect of combined soaking of pectinase and gibberellin on seed germination of Zhesi 203 and Zhesi 302

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