Evaluation of agronomic traits among 28 Pelargonium hortorum germplasm resources

doi:10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250563

Abstract

Abstract:

To investigate the performance and variability in growth habits and agronomic traits among different Pelargonium hortorum germplasms，28 Pelargonium hortorum germplasm resources were selected as experimental materials. Agronomic traits were observed and measured，followed by comprehensive analysis using one-way ANOVA analysis，correlation analysis，variability analysis，and clustering analysis.The results showed that A06 had the highest plant height，reaching 13.87 cm，while the maximum stem thickness was 12.86 mm（C03）and the minimum was 8.06 mm（A01）. A07 demonstrated the highest branch number（4.00 branches），A06 showed the greatest leaf width（12.80 cm），and A02 recorded the highest relative chlorophyll content（SPAD value），reaching 48.43. Flower number in 28 Pelargonium hortorum germplasm resources ranged from 4.33 to 13.33，with B series varieties displaying higher flower numbers than other series. A06 had the longest pedicel（20.00 cm），while the shortest was B01（9.53 cm）. The average coefficient of variation（CV）for the nine agronomic traits was 15.94%，with the flower number exhibiting the highest coefficient of variation at 33.98%. Further analysis revealed that plant height showed a highly significant（p<0.01）positive correlation with crown width and pedicel length，and stem thickness exhibited a highly significant positive correlation with crown width and leaf width. Crown width demonstrated a highly significant positive correlation with branch number，leaf width，and pedicel length. Plant height showed significant（p<0.05）positive correlation with stem thickness，pedicel length showed significant positive correlation with stem thickness and leaf width. Notably，SPAD value displayed a highly significant negative correlation with crown width and leaf width. Furthermore，hierarchical cluster analysis based on nine agronomic traits categorized 28 Pelargonium hortorum accessions into six distinct groups at a distance coefficient of 15. Group Ⅱ exhibited the largest stem thickness，crown width，leaf width，and pedicel length，while Group Ⅲ performed best in plant height and branch number. Group Ⅴ had the highest leaf number and superior leaf utility，whereas Group Ⅵ demonstrated the highest SPAD value and flower number，indicating vigorous reproductive growth and higher photosynthetic efficiency. This study provides theoretical reference for the breeding and cultivation management of Pelargonium hortorum.

Key words: Pelargonium hortorum, germplasm resources, agronomic trait, cluster analysis

CLC Number:

S682.19

ZHANG Fujian, SANG Liangliang, ZHANG Ping. Evaluation of agronomic traits among 28 Pelargonium hortorum germplasm resources[J]. Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences, 2026, 67(9): 2218-2223.

Figures/Tables 7

References 11

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系列	种质编号	种质名称	系列	种质编号	种质名称
大力水手	A01	淡鲑红	大力水手	A15	橙色
	A02	魔力粉红	大草原	B01	酒红闪耀
	A03	鲑红		B02	红宝石
	A04	猩红		B03	粉色飞溅
	A05	紫红色		B04	桃红闪耀
	A06	深红		B05	正红
	A07	苹果花色	桑塔纳	C01	正红
	A08	靛蓝天空		C02	亮红
	A09	霓虹色		C03	紫红闪耀
	A10	蜡染粉色		C04	白色飞溅
	A11	火烈鸟粉红		C05	粉红
	A12	玫瑰女王	萨莉塔	D01	狂热鲑红
	A13	红色		D02	白色飞溅
	A14	粉红		D03	紫罗兰飞溅

系列	种质编号	种质名称	系列	种质编号	种质名称
大力水手	A01	淡鲑红	大力水手	A15	橙色
	A02	魔力粉红	大草原	B01	酒红闪耀
	A03	鲑红		B02	红宝石
	A04	猩红		B03	粉色飞溅
	A05	紫红色		B04	桃红闪耀
	A06	深红		B05	正红
	A07	苹果花色	桑塔纳	C01	正红
	A08	靛蓝天空		C02	亮红
	A09	霓虹色		C03	紫红闪耀
	A10	蜡染粉色		C04	白色飞溅
	A11	火烈鸟粉红		C05	粉红
	A12	玫瑰女王	萨莉塔	D01	狂热鲑红
	A13	红色		D02	白色飞溅
	A14	粉红		D03	紫罗兰飞溅

种质编号	株高/cm	茎粗/mm	冠幅/cm	分枝数
A01	10.73±0.93 bcde	8.06±0.46 h	18.83±1.17 j	2.67±0.33 bcd
A02	9.67±0.65 cdef	9.01±0.21 efgh	19.77±0.20 hij	2.67±0.33 bcd
A03	7.93±0.34 f	9.20±0.92 defgh	21.83±0.52 efghij	3.33±0.33 abc
A04	10.87±0.93 bcd	10.90±0.86 abcdefg	22.50±1.11 defghi	3.67±0.33 ab
A05	10.60±0.40 bcde	11.17±0.78 abcdefg	22.60±0.31 defghi	3.67±0.33 ab
A06	13.87±1.46 a	10.80±0.56 abcdefgh	28.00±0.85 ab	3.33±0.33 abc
A07	11.30±1.02 bcd	11.43±0.96 abcdef	26.87±1.28 abc	4.00±0 a
A08	11.70±0.56 abc	9.97±1.37 bcdefgh	27.40±1.30 abc	3.67±0.33 ab
A09	10.90±0.12 bcd	8.83±0.37 fgh	24.30±0.95 cdefg	3.33±0.88 abc
A10	12.37±1.10 ab	9.47±0.38 cdefgh	25.20±1.80 bcd	3.00±0.58 abcd
A11	10.20±0.45 bcdef	10.87±0.48 abcdefg	22.93±0.68 defgh	3.00±0 abcd
A12	12.07±0.75 abc	10.63±0.44 abcdefgh	24.43±1.49 cdef	2.67±0.33 bcd
A13	10.40±0.46 bcde	8.70±0.85 fgh	23.63±0.56 defg	2.67±0.33 bcd
A14	12.33±0.44 ab	12.66±1.46 ab	24.50±0.75 cde	3.67±0.33 ab
A15	11.00±0.50 bcd	11.71±0.74 abcde	26.80±0.70 abc	3.33±0.33 abc
B01	10.57±0.90 bcde	8.87±0.93 fgh	21.13±0.73 ghij	3.00±0 abcd
B02	8.33±0.15 ef	9.47±0.43 cdefgh	19.40±0.85 ij	3.00±0 abcd
B03	10.50±0.20 bcde	9.00±0.84 efgh	21.23±1.35 fghij	2.00±0 d
B04	9.00±0.67 def	8.63±0.26 gh	21.53±1.35 efghij	2.67±0.33 bcd
B05	11.20±0.58 bcd	11.09±0.59 abcdefg	20.37±0.49 hij	2.33±0.33 cd
C01	9.83±0.60 cdef	9.91±0.91 bcdefgh	29.17±0.60 a	3.33±0.33 abc
C02	10.83±0.60 bcd	12.08±0.71 abc	29.50±0.29 a	3.33±0.33 abc
C03	9.77±0.37 cdef	12.86±0.83 a	25.33±1.30 bcd	3.67±0.33 ab
C04	10.00±0.50 bcdef	12.42±1.71 ab	25.50±0.29 bcd	3.67±0.33 ab
C05	10.33±1.01 bcde	12.00±0.16 abc	27.07±0.81 abc	2.67±0.33 bcd
D01	10.13±0.97 bcdef	11.24±0.40 abcdefg	21.23±1.15 fghij	2.33±0.33 cd
D02	10.60±0.67 bcde	11.87±0.92 abcd	22.70±1.11 defgh	2.67±0.33 bcd
D03	10.77±0.52 bcd	8.50±0.46 gh	21.23±0.32 fghij	3.00±0 abcd

种质编号	株高/cm	茎粗/mm	冠幅/cm	分枝数
A01	10.73±0.93 bcde	8.06±0.46 h	18.83±1.17 j	2.67±0.33 bcd
A02	9.67±0.65 cdef	9.01±0.21 efgh	19.77±0.20 hij	2.67±0.33 bcd
A03	7.93±0.34 f	9.20±0.92 defgh	21.83±0.52 efghij	3.33±0.33 abc
A04	10.87±0.93 bcd	10.90±0.86 abcdefg	22.50±1.11 defghi	3.67±0.33 ab
A05	10.60±0.40 bcde	11.17±0.78 abcdefg	22.60±0.31 defghi	3.67±0.33 ab
A06	13.87±1.46 a	10.80±0.56 abcdefgh	28.00±0.85 ab	3.33±0.33 abc
A07	11.30±1.02 bcd	11.43±0.96 abcdef	26.87±1.28 abc	4.00±0 a
A08	11.70±0.56 abc	9.97±1.37 bcdefgh	27.40±1.30 abc	3.67±0.33 ab
A09	10.90±0.12 bcd	8.83±0.37 fgh	24.30±0.95 cdefg	3.33±0.88 abc
A10	12.37±1.10 ab	9.47±0.38 cdefgh	25.20±1.80 bcd	3.00±0.58 abcd
A11	10.20±0.45 bcdef	10.87±0.48 abcdefg	22.93±0.68 defgh	3.00±0 abcd
A12	12.07±0.75 abc	10.63±0.44 abcdefgh	24.43±1.49 cdef	2.67±0.33 bcd
A13	10.40±0.46 bcde	8.70±0.85 fgh	23.63±0.56 defg	2.67±0.33 bcd
A14	12.33±0.44 ab	12.66±1.46 ab	24.50±0.75 cde	3.67±0.33 ab
A15	11.00±0.50 bcd	11.71±0.74 abcde	26.80±0.70 abc	3.33±0.33 abc
B01	10.57±0.90 bcde	8.87±0.93 fgh	21.13±0.73 ghij	3.00±0 abcd
B02	8.33±0.15 ef	9.47±0.43 cdefgh	19.40±0.85 ij	3.00±0 abcd
B03	10.50±0.20 bcde	9.00±0.84 efgh	21.23±1.35 fghij	2.00±0 d
B04	9.00±0.67 def	8.63±0.26 gh	21.53±1.35 efghij	2.67±0.33 bcd
B05	11.20±0.58 bcd	11.09±0.59 abcdefg	20.37±0.49 hij	2.33±0.33 cd
C01	9.83±0.60 cdef	9.91±0.91 bcdefgh	29.17±0.60 a	3.33±0.33 abc
C02	10.83±0.60 bcd	12.08±0.71 abc	29.50±0.29 a	3.33±0.33 abc
C03	9.77±0.37 cdef	12.86±0.83 a	25.33±1.30 bcd	3.67±0.33 ab
C04	10.00±0.50 bcdef	12.42±1.71 ab	25.50±0.29 bcd	3.67±0.33 ab
C05	10.33±1.01 bcde	12.00±0.16 abc	27.07±0.81 abc	2.67±0.33 bcd
D01	10.13±0.97 bcdef	11.24±0.40 abcdefg	21.23±1.15 fghij	2.33±0.33 cd
D02	10.60±0.67 bcde	11.87±0.92 abcd	22.70±1.11 defgh	2.67±0.33 bcd
D03	10.77±0.52 bcd	8.50±0.46 gh	21.23±0.32 fghij	3.00±0 abcd

种质编号	叶片数	叶片宽/cm	相对叶绿素含量（SPAD值）
A01	17.33±2.73 hi	7.73±0.19 gh	41.03±1.68 fgh
A02	22.33±1.45 defgh	7.87±0.73 gh	48.43±1.56 a
A03	26.33±0.88 bcde	10.60±0.40 bcde	42.67±0.60 bcdefgh
A04	25.33±1.20 bcdef	9.30±0.12 defg	44.73±1.44 abcdef
A05	22.33±1.45 defgh	9.77±0.64 cdefg	42.80±2.11 bcdefgh
A06	23.67±1.45 cdefg	12.80±0.81 a	38.93±0.99 gh
A07	29.33±0.67 ab	10.27±0.34 bcdef	43.60±0.95 abcdefg
A08	25.00±2.89 bcdefg	10.73±0.54 abcde	43.40±0.78 bcdefg
A09	27.67±2.03 abc	8.83±0.79 efgh	42.13±0.82 defgh
A10	27.00±1.00 abcd	10.93±0.20 abcde	42.87±1.30 bcdefgh
A11	27.67±1.45 abc	10.60±0.32 bcde	38.37±1.07 h
A12	20.67±0.88 fghi	10.83±0.38 abcde	40.43±1.55 fgh
A13	22.33±1.45 defgh	10.73±0.69 abcde	39.23±0.81 gh
A14	17.33±0.88 hi	10.17±0.20 bcdef	40.83±1.16 fgh
A15	20.33±1.45 fghi	10.50±1.08 bcdef	42.23±0.86 cdefgh
B01	29.67±2.19 ab	7.87±1.01 gh	46.50±1.35 abcd
B02	24.00±1.53 cdefg	9.27±0.92 defg	46.80±0.10 abcd
B03	17.67±0.88 hi	10.53±0.45 bcdef	46.00±2.00 abcde
B04	25.00±1.53 bcdefg	8.47±0.70 fgh	46.87±1.39 abcd
B05	22.33±0.88 defgh	9.33±0.43 defg	47.43±1.53 ab
C01	20.33±1.45 fghi	11.93±0.74 ab	46.63±0.87 abcd
C02	28.67±2.33 abc	11.17±0.44 abcd	41.93±2.11 defgh
C03	25.00±0.58 bcdefg	10.87±0.83 abcde	42.57±2.72 bcdefgh
C04	21.00±1.53 fghi	10.83±0.44 abcde	41.13±0.67 efgh
C05	16.00±1.15 i	11.60±0.99 abc	44.40±2.85 abcdef
D01	21.33±0.88 efgh	9.63±0.81 cdefg	47.13±1.74 abc
D02	20.00±0.58 ghi	10.53±0.41 bcdef	38.30±1.01 h
D03	31.67±1.76 a	7.13±0.12 h	42.77±0.64 bcdefgh