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A review of succession studies on japonica rice varieties in Zhejiang Province GUO Ying, LI Zhiying, ZHAI Rongrong, YE Jing, WANG Wenpo, YE Shenghai, WANG Jian 2024, 65 (1):  1-7.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20221035 Abstract ( 180 )   HTML ( 38 )   PDF (2358KB) ( 468 )   The research on the breeding of new rice varieties was carried out earlier in Zhejiang Province, a relatively economically developed region in China. The varieties planted in Zhejiang Province basically include various rice types, among which japonica rice is the main planting type, especially late japonica rice. Although the proportion of conventional rice area has been decreasing since the emergence of hybrid rice, it still has an irreplaceable position in production due to the balance between yield and quality of late japonica rice. Based on the analysis of the four factors that had the greatest impact on the yield of late japonica rice, it was found that the yield could be improved by increasing the number of grains per spike, the number of effective panicles and the 1000-grain weight. In addition to the improvement of yield, rice quality has also become the main goal of late japonica rice breeding, so rice quality has been regarded as an important breeding goal in the current breeding work. In this paper, we analyzed the growth period, yield, quality and disease resistance of late japonica rice varieties approved in Zhejiang Province in the past 20 years, and summarized the changes of traits of japonica rice varieties in Zhejiang Province, in order to provide a reference for the breeding work in Zhejiang Province. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparative study on quality standards of honey at home and abroad LI Qinfeng, WANG Xiajun, CHEN Min, LEI Ling, ZHENG Weiran 2024, 65 (1):  8-15.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230459 Abstract ( 207 )   HTML ( 25 )   PDF (1118KB) ( 434 )   China ranks among the top in the world in terms of bee colony numbers, honey production, consumption, and exports, but there is still a certain gap in industrial level and economic benefits compared with the developed countries. This article took the import and export trade of honey as the starting point, compared and analyzed the honey quality standards formulated by China and major trading countries, and identified the differences in indicators for honey quality evaluation both domestically and internationally. Based on the current situation and the quality issues of honey in China, reasonable suggestions were proposed to improve the quality standards of honey, standardize the order of the domestic honey market, and provide technical support for improving the international competitiveness of honey in China. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of potassium fertilizer management on grain filling and chalkiness of rice under high temperature during grain filling stage LI Youfa, SUN Yuanze, DONG Junjie, FU Haowei, ZHANG Xinyue 2024, 65 (1):  16-21.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20221082 Abstract ( 136 )   HTML ( 15 )   PDF (1290KB) ( 382 )   In order to clarify the effect of potassium fertilizer management on grain filling and chalkiness at high temperature during rice filling stage, in this study, two temperature treatments were set for 20 days at ambient temperature and high temperature during the grain filling stage. Three potassium fertilizer management methods were set up at different temperatures, K1 (10∶0 for basal fertilizer∶flower-promoting fertilizer), K2 (7∶3 for basal fertilizer∶flower-promoting fertilizer) and K3 (3∶7 for basal fertilizer∶flower-promoting fertilizer), and the grain filling process and chalkiness of grains under each treatment were determined. The results showed that the high temperature at the grain filling stage shortened the active grain filling stage, reached the maximum grain filling rate in advance, and increased the grain filling rate within 15 days after anthesis, but the grain filling rate decreased rapidly after 15 days after anthesis, and the grain filling rate decreased after 20 days after anthesis, and the grain filling curve fluctuated greatly, which increased the chalky rice rate and chalkiness of grains. Under high temperature conditions, compared with K1, K2 and K3 both prolonged the active grain filling period, delayed the time to reach the maximum grain filling rate, reduced the grain filling rate within 20 days after anthesis, and alleviated the effect of high temperature on rice during the grain filling stage, and after reaching the peak of grain filling, the grain filling rate decreased more gradually, and the grain filling rate decreased more slowly after 20 days after anthesis, and the occurrence of grain chalkiness was reduced, and the chalky rice rate and chalkiness decreased with the increase of the proportion of flowering fertilizer. Although K3 could minimize the occurrence of grain chalkiness at high temperature during grain filling stage, there was no significant difference in yield from K1. Therefore, in the practice of rice production, potassium fertilizer should be applied in accordance with the ratio of base fertilizer and flower-promoting fertilizer of 7∶3, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be sprayed to alleviate the harm of high temperature stress if the high temperature is encountered during the filling period. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of the vigorous vitality of wild rice variety Changmaogu and its response to propiconazole HAN Chunning, ZHENG Dianfeng, FENG Naijie, CHEN Guanjie, ZHANG Shuyu, ZHOU Xing 2024, 65 (1):  22-30.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20220973 Abstract ( 121 )   HTML ( 5 )   PDF (1803KB) ( 250 )   To explore the effects of propiconazole on rice seedlings, a pot experiment was conducted using wild rice variety Changmaogu and conventional rice variety 9311. This study investigated the impact of foliar spraying with 20 mg·L-1 propiconazole on the growth phenotypes and physiological metabolism of these two rice varieties. The results showed that propiconazole reduced the plant height growth rate of both rice varieties, while maintained a relatively stable leaf area growth rate in Changmaogu. Propiconazole also increased root length and average root diameter, significantly increased the biomass of the seedlings, and elevated the contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and total chlorophyll. Moreover, propiconazole significantly enhanced the net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, actual photochemical efficiency of PSⅡ, and electron transfer rate in both varieties. It also increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and catalase (CAT) in the leaves. In summary, foliar spraying with 20 mg·L-1 propiconazole can effectively promote the growth of rice seedlings and improve their physiological characteristics. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of fertilizer combined with nitrogen synergist on yield and nitrogen utilization of rice TAO Juanhua, WEN Miao, SHI Qiwei, ZHANG Huize, JIN Liang, MA Jinchuan 2024, 65 (1):  31-36.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20220526 Abstract ( 148 )   HTML ( 10 )   PDF (1514KB) ( 256 )   In order to study the effects of nitrogen fertilizer synergist and chemical fertilizer on crop yield and nitrogen use efficiency, field experiments were used to analyze rice yield, plant nitrogen content and nitrogen use efficiency under different fertilization treatments. The results showed that the combined application of chemical fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer synergist (RF1+NS, RF2+NS) could significantly increase rice yield by 12.2% and 8.8%, respectively, under the same fertilizer application rate (RF1, RF2). Compared with RF1 and RF2, the apparent recoveries of nitrogen fertilizer in RF1+NS and RF2+NS treatments were significantly increased by 9.26 percentage points and 6.20 percentage points, respectively. In conclusion, the combined application of chemical fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer synergist can help to reduce the amount of nitrogen fertilizer application and improve the yield and nitrogen use efficiency of rice. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of different slow-release fertilizer application rate and management on agronomic traits and yield of hybrid late rice HE Yuehua, XUE Zhankui, XU Jingjing, SHI Jiawei, JIN Li, LIU Huifang 2024, 65 (1):  37-40.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20221095 Abstract ( 141 )   HTML ( 17 )   PDF (1052KB) ( 321 )   In order to screen out the fertilizer management methods suitable for late rice production, reduce fertilizer cost and increase economic benefits, the effects of different slow-release fertilizer application rates and management methods on yield, agronomic traits and nitrogen efficiency were studied by using indica-japonica hybrid late rice Yongyou 7850. The results showed that under the same nutrient treatment, organic and inorganic slow-release fertilizer was beneficial to increase the effective panicle and grain number per panicle, and the yield of 667 m2 basal fertilizer with 30 kg and appropriate tillering fertilizer was 4.80% higher than that of conventional fertilization, and the agronomic efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer was the highest. Under the same cost, the yield of slow-release fertilizer was still 1.53% higher than that of conventional fertilization, and the agronomic efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer was significantly higher than that of conventional fertilization. The organic and inorganic slow-release fertilizer of double-cropping late rice should be 667 m2 basal fertilizer with 30 kg and total nitrogen at 10.7-12.0 kg. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on safe planting of cadmium and arsenic in rice using barrier control technology LAN Yuchen, DING Haonan, PAN Rongqing, LYU Haoneng, ZHANG Qiang, BAN Guofu, HE Ye, LING Huarong, HUANG Zhigang 2024, 65 (1):  41-46.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20220773 Abstract ( 128 )   HTML ( 8 )   PDF (1588KB) ( 394 )   To investigate the effects of foliar application of organic selenium and organic silicon on the accumulation of heavy metals in different rice varieties, field experiments were conducted in areas with high levels of heavy metal pollution to screen low-accumulation rice varieties and study leaf surface control techniques for heavy metals, aiming to reduce the heavy metal content in rice grains to meet the requirements of food safety production standards. Six local late rice varieties from Guangxi and two commercially available leaf surface control agents (one selenium-based and one silicon-based) were selected as the research objects. The heavy metal content in rice samples before and after the experiment was measured to study the safe utilization of heavy metal-polluted soil. The results showed that the six rice varieties had significant differences in their ability to adsorb heavy metals. Among them, the stem and leaf cadmium and arsenic content of the variety Taifengyou 208 were higher than those of other varieties, while the cadmium content in Taifengyou 208 was the lowest, and the arsenic content in Sixiang 1 was the lowest. Foliar application of selenium-based and silicon-based control agents also effectively reduced the cadmium content in rice and leaves, as well as the arsenic content in rice. The cadmium content in rice decreased by 15.2% and 17.1%, the cadmium content in leaves decreased by 12.7% and 13.9%, and the arsenic content in rice decreased by 15.9% and 30.0% when selenium-based and silicon-based control agents were applied, respectively. Additionally, the silicon-based control agent effectively reduced the arsenic content in rice leaves. The study indicated that the application of selenium-based and silicon-based control agents can reduce the content of arsenic and cadmium in rice. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Breeding and cultivation techniques of fresh potato variety Zheshu 956 SHEN Shengfa, WU Liehong, XIANG Chao, CHENG Linrun, ZHANG Liang, BIAN Xiaobo 2024, 65 (1):  47-51.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20220966 Abstract ( 145 )   HTML ( 5 )   PDF (1174KB) ( 339 )   Potato Zheshu 956 is the first new potato variety bred independently in Zhejiang Province. It passed the variety registration in 2019 and was listed as the leading variety in Zhejiang Province from 2021. In the multi-point identification test in Zhejiang Province from 2015 to 2016, the average fresh potato yield per 667 m2 was 2 388.5 kg, which was 10.82% higher than that of the control variety Zhongshu 3. In the multi-point demonstration of new potato varieties in spring from 2018 to 2021, the average fresh potato yield per 667 m2 was 2 882.4 kg, which was 23.02% higher than that of the control variety Zhongshu 3. The highest yield per 667 m2 was 3 683.3 kg in the demonstration side. The resistance of the shoots and tubers to potato late blight in the field was significantly better than that of Zhongshu 3, and the resistance to potato virus X and Y was moderate. Zheshu 956 is a medium-early maturing variety, which can be cultivated in spring and autumn in Zhejiang Province. When it is cultivated in spring, it can be harvested and marketed 55 days after emergence. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Screening and selection trial for fresh maize variety introduction in Yuyao City HU Ji, ZHENG Huazhang, YANG Yangyang 2024, 65 (1):  52-55.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20221005 Abstract ( 603 )   HTML ( 362 )   PDF (1039KB) ( 416 )   In order to accelerate the updating and replacement of fresh maize varieties in Yuyao, a screening trial was conducted to select high-yielding, high-quality, and resistant varieties suitable for local cultivation. Based on the comparison and analysis of the growth period, agronomic traits, yield, resistance, and edible quality of 14 fresh maize varieties, the experimental results showed that Hangnuo Yu 21, Yunonghuacainuo 7, and Tianguinuo 932 had good agronomic traits, sticky properties, taste, and high yield. Shenketian 2, Putian 1, Wanxiantian 178, and Meiyutian 007 had high soluble solids content, crispy texture, good taste, and high yield, showing good quality. These varieties can be promoted for cultivation. This study provided technical guidance for the selection and cultivation of new maize varieties. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparative test of rapeseed varieties under the triple-cropping system in Wenzhou NI Riqun, HE Zhonglin, SHENG Hanyan 2024, 65 (1):  56-60.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20221093 Abstract ( 144 )   HTML ( 17 )   PDF (1077KB) ( 356 )   In order to select early-maturing, high-yield and high-quality rapeseed varieties suitable for the annual production of “rapeseed-rice-rice” triple-cropping system in Wenzhou Plain, the growth period, yield, average daily yield, quality and economic benefits of 13 introduced rapeseed varieties were evaluated and analyzed. The results showed that the variation of the whole growth period of the tested varieties was 163-170 days and matured from May 4th to 11th, while Yangguang 131 and Xiangyou 420 matured on May 4th, which did not affect the normal growth of early rice. The yield of Yangguang 131 ranked first, which was 1 529.4 kg·hm-2, which was 3.8% higher than that of the control Fengyou 737. The yield of Zao 3 was 1 491.9 kg·hm-2, which was 1.2% higher than that of the control. The net planting benefits of H20-04 and Yangguang 131 were 9 895.3 and 9 320.8 yuan·hm-2, respectively, which were higher than those of the control Fengyou 737. In summary, Yangguang 131 has a short growth period, high yield and good planting efficiency, which is suitable for the annual triple-cropping planting mode of “rapeseed-rice-rice” in the continuous rice area of Wenzhou Plain, and the demonstration planting can be further expanded. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Yandashuai organic fertilizer on yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco GUO Quanwei, ZHANG Yinghua, CUI Zhijun, WANG Shuke, DU Yuhai, FAN Zengbo, LIU Yang, ZHANG Yong, WANG Yi 2024, 65 (1):  61-65.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20221081 Abstract ( 166 )   HTML ( 9 )   PDF (1063KB) ( 459 )   In 2020, field experiments were carried out in Zhucheng and Linqu to study the effects of organic fertilizer for tobacco on the growth and development of flue-cured tobacco and the quality of tobacco leaves. In this study, 40 kg of soybean cake and 5 kg of pure nitrogen were applied to every 667 m2 as the control, and 40 kg of soybean cake and 10 kg of Yandashuai organic fertilizer (pure nitrogen reduced by 10%, T1), 40 kg of soybean cake and 25 kg of Yandashuai organic fertilizer (pure nitrogen reduced by 20%, T2) and 40 kg of Yandashuai organic fertilizer (pure nitrogen reduced by 5 kg, T3) were three treatments. The results showed that T2 treatment had the best effect, promoted the root development of tobacco plants, and had the highest yield and output value after harvesting and roasting. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Influence of ecological factors on the genetic diversity of the population of Akebia trifoliata and Akebia quinata TANG Tengyue, YU Keda, WANG Jiaqi, FAN Chaoyang 2024, 65 (1):  66-72.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20220907 Abstract ( 102 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF (2175KB) ( 308 )   Genetic diversity of 34 species of Akebia trifoliata (Thunb.) Koidz and Akebia quinata (Thunb.) Decne from seven regions in Zhejiang Province was analyzed using inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) amplification technology and rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence analysis technology.The results showed that the cluster analysis of Akebia quinata (Thunb.) Decne was significantly correlated with altitude, but less correlated with the soil organic matter content and pH value. The 15 primers selected were used in the ISSR analysis for Akebia trifoliata (Thunb.) Koidz to obtain 265 DNA bands, of which 98.49% bands were polymorphic. The cluster analysis indicated that Akebia trifoliata (Thunb.) Koidz from the same region could be classified as one cluster respectively. And the genetic differences were significant in different regions. The mean Nei's gene diversity index(h) of Akebia trifoliata (Thunb.) Koidz was 0.503 3 and Shannon's information diversity index(I) was 0.689 0, which showed rich genetic diversity of Akebia trifoliata (Thunb.) Koidz. The correlation analysis showed that it wasn't significantly correlated between the three ecological factors of altitude, soil organic matter content and pH value and genetic diversity of Akebia trifoliata (Thunb.) Koidz. In summary, rDNA ITS sequence analysis and ISSR molecular marker were applied separately to genetic diversity analysis of Akebia trifoliata (Thunb.) Koidz and Akebia quinata (Thunb.) Decne. The study indicates that altitude was significantly correlated with genetic diversity of Akebia quinata (Thunb.) Decne. Genetic diversity of Akebia trifoliata (Thunb.) Koidz wasn't significantly correlated with altitude, soil organic matter content and pH value, but genetic differences of Akebia trifoliata (Thunb.) Koidz in different regions was significant. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of several organic fertilizers on the growth, yield and polysaccharide content of Dendrobium officinale Kimura YE Xiongfang, LU Qiujun, ZHOU Xiang, CHEN Shangqu, XIA Huafang, XIANG Tao, WANG Yuping, MAO Bizeng 2024, 65 (1):  73-76.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20231036 Abstract ( 110 )   HTML ( 7 )   PDF (1439KB) ( 330 )   This study was based on three-year old Dendrobium officinale Kimura as the material to explore the effects on the growth, flowering characteristics, and polysaccharide content of Dendrobium officinale Kimura after applying three kinds of organic fertilizers. The aim was to screen out suitable base fertilizers for organic cultivation of Dendrobium officinale Kimura and provide fertilizer application basis for its organic cultivation. The results showed that applying 160 kg of Jinfu Yinong bio-organic fertilizer could significantly promote the germination of new buds, elongation of stems, and increase polysaccharide content of Dendrobium. Baitai microbial fertilizer was beneficial for the growth of Dendrobium leaves. Compared with the first two, the effect of Dahan rutom MIX 1 on promoting the growth of Dendrobium officinale was not significant. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of different formulas of basal fertilizer on the yield and nutrient content of Curcuma wenyujin YE Jing, ZHENG Fubo, ZOU Ping, CHEN Zhaoming, LIN Hui, MA Junwei, WANG Qiang, FU Jianrong, MA Jinchuan 2024, 65 (1):  77-80.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20221115 Abstract ( 109 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF (1069KB) ( 338 )   In this experiment, the effects of different proportions of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on the yield and quality of Curcuma wenyujin were studied. In this study, four different fertilization formulations were set up using field experiments, and the basal fertilizer dosage of each treatment was 750 kg·hm-2. The results showed that under the premise of equal total use of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, the yield of Curcuma wenyujin was the highest under basal application of formula fertilizer 2, and the yield of rhizomes and tubers of Curcuma wenyujin underground was increased by 11.3% and 17.9%, respectively, compared with conventional fertilization. Compared with conventional fertilization, formula fertilizer 1 and 3 also increased the yield of Curcuma wenyujin, but there was no significant difference. Compared with conventional fertilization, the nitrogen and phosphorus content in Curcuma wenyujin was increased by formula fertilizer treatment. At the same time, basal application of formula fertilizer can also increase the content of Ca, Mg and trace elements Zn and B in rhizomes and tubers. In summary, the application of basal fertilizer formula fertilizer 2 can not only increase the yield of Curcuma wenyujin, but also increase the content of macroelements and medium and trace elements in rhizomes and tubers, which has good promotion and application value. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Molecular cloning, bioinformatics and expression analysis of vacuolar invertase inhibitor in tomato XU Yang, CHENG Yuan, RUAN Meiying, WANG Rongqing, YE Qingjing, YAO Zhuping, ZHOU Guozhi, LIU Lecheng, WAN Hongjian 2024, 65 (1):  81-89.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230461 Abstract ( 144 )   HTML ( 6 )   PDF (9992KB) ( 317 )   Vacuolar invertase inhibitor (VIF) plays an important role in regulating higher plant sucrose metabolism and responding to abiotic stress. In this study, VIF gene and cDNA sequence were cloned from Alisa. The results indicated that the full length of SlVIF gene and cDNA was 528 bp, without intron region, encoding 175 amino acids. The molecular weight of SlVIF protein was 19.92 ku, and the theoretical isoelectric point was 5.53. It contained a signal peptide sequence, and the conservative domain was PMEI. The phylogenetic relationship exhibited that the VIF of Solanaceae species was the closest and the motifs were consistent. The tissue specific expression results showed that it had different expression patterns in various tomato materials. In Heinz, it had high transcription level in roots. In LA1589, it was highly expressed in all stages of fruit development, especially in mature fruits and roots, which indicated that SlVIF gene may play a role in influencing fruit ripening and regulating root growth by mediating sucrose metabolism. SlVIF was induced by water stress and responded to abiotic stress processes. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of kitchen organic fertilizer on the physical and chemical properties of soil in protected vegetable fields XU Sixin, YAN Jin, ZHU Haitao, CAI Shumei, ZHANG Deshan, JIN Haiyang 2024, 65 (1):  90-94.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230779 Abstract ( 129 )   HTML ( 5 )   PDF (1219KB) ( 439 )   To investigate the effect of kitchen organic fertilizer on the physical and chemical properties of soil in protected vegetable fields, field experiments were conducted using commercial organic fertilizer as a control. The results showed that applying kitchen organic fertilizer could increase vegetable yield by 5.3%-11.6%, with no significant difference in yield increase compared with the commercial organic fertilizer. Kitchen organic fertilizer can increase the soil organic matter content of protected vegetable fields by 25.5%-31.8%, soil available N content by 8.6%-11.3%, soil available P content by 3.1%-12.6%, and soil available K content by 6.5%-8.2%. However, there was no significant difference between kitchen organic fertilizer and commercial organic fertilizer treatments. The total soluble salt content of vegetable soil treated with kitchen organic fertilizer increased by 4.0%-5.8%, but there was no significant difference between kitchen organic fertilizer and commercial organic fertilizer treatments. Kitchen organic fertilizer increased the content of soil water stable macroaggregates (R0.25) by 9.9-14.5 percentage points, and there was no significant difference between kitchen organic fertilizer and commercial organic fertilizer treatments. Overall, the fertilizer efficiency of kitchen organic fertilizers was basically similar to that of ordinary commercial organic fertilizers. Kitchen organic fertilizer increased the content of organic matter, available nutrients, and water stable large aggregates (R0.25) in the soil of protected vegetable fields, and its effect was basically similar to that of commercial organic fertilizers. Kitchen organic fertilizers caused a small increase in the total soluble salt content of the soil, but the increase was not significantly different from commercial organic fertilizers. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application effect of Haishengwan magnesium ammonium phosphate compound fertilizer combined with sheep manure on cabbage WANG Xinggao, CHEN Xijing, WANG Yanfeng 2024, 65 (1):  95-98.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230966 Abstract ( 104 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (1050KB) ( 311 )   Using conventional compound fertilizer (N 15%、P2O5 15%、K2O 15%) as control, the experimental treatment of Haishengwan magnesium ammonium phosphate compound fertilizer and Haishengwan magnesium ammonium phosphate compound fertilizer plus sheep manure was set up. The application effect of Haishengwan magnesium ammonium phosphate compound fertilizer combined with sheep manure on cabbage was studied by measuring the biological yield, edible part yield, plant height, root length and stem diameter of cabbage. The results showed that the biomass of cabbage treated with Haishengwan magnesium ammonium phosphate combined with sheep manure increased by 24.44% and the yield of edible part increased by 32.37%, while the biomass decreased by 6.75% and the yield of edible part decreased by 6.99% compared with the application of common compound fertilizer. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparative test of Brassica oleracea in Zhejiang Province SHI Shaoping, LIU Beibei, ZHOU Ludan 2024, 65 (1):  99-102.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230497 Abstract ( 125 )   HTML ( 8 )   PDF (1055KB) ( 324 )   In order to select more suitable broccoli cultivars planted in Zhejiang Province, a cultivar comparison test was carried out with 8 main varieties introduced from the current market and the local main cultivar Lyuxiong 90 as the control. Through the investigation of the growth period, plant agronomic traits, and curd characters of the broccoli cultivars, comprehensive comparison were carried out. The results showed that all cultivars have strong adaptability except Mantuol, the comprehensive performance of King 11 and Tailu 5 was excellent, which was suitable for medium and late maturing cultivation in Zhejiang Province. At the same time, Naihanyouxiu and Tailu 328 also have relatively outstanding comprehensive performance and are suitable for early planting with a small amount of planting, increase farmers economic benefits. The results of this study can provide a reference for farmers to choose broccoli cultivars in Zhejiang Province. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Substrate development of pectin sludge and its application in seedling cultivation YE Nan, WANG Qiaochu, XU Shihao, YU Jianxing, HONG Jiguang, LI Jiayou 2024, 65 (1):  103-107.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20221096 Abstract ( 105 )   HTML ( 5 )   PDF (3109KB) ( 324 )   The processing of citrus canning produces a large amount of pectin sludge, which was converted into a cultivation substrate using the rapid putrefaction of efficient strains to achieve the resourceful utilisation of pectin sludge that is difficult to be treated with high water-holding capacity. The results showed that the pectinase activity of Trichoderma koningii LZ51 reached 684 U·mL-1; straw pectin substrate (M1) and vermiculite pectin substrate (M2) were produced by mixing and fermenting pectin sludge with straw and vermiculite, respectively, and it was found that the germination and seedling development of cherry red radish, large-leafed spinach and four-season chive were better than that under vermiculite substrate (CK) culture. both had significantly higher performance than vermiculite substrate (CK). In particular, M1 increased the germination rate of the three vegetables by an average of 5% compared with CK; at the seedling stage, M1 produced a 30% increase in fresh weight of cherry red radish compared with CK, and a 50% increase in the fresh weight of large-leaf spinach compared with CK. The use of pectin sludge and straw mixed fermentation to prepare a new type of cultivation substrate opens up a new utilisation pathway for the resourceful utilisation of pectin sludge from canning processing, which has a promising market prospect. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of foliar fertilizers on the growth of vegetable sweet potato under different fertilization levels ZENG Yannan, ZHAO Hanwei, JI Hongting, WANG Qingnan, CHENG Rundong, WANG Yong, WANG Shihong, ZHAO Hejuan 2024, 65 (1):  108-112.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20221225 Abstract ( 109 )   HTML ( 6 )   PDF (1147KB) ( 360 )   In order to explore the effects of different foliar fertilizers and nitrogen reduction fertilization on the growth of vegetable sweet potato, the effects of different fertilization levels and different foliar fertilizer applications on the growth status, relative chlorophyll content of leaves, eating quality, branch number and yield of vegetable sweet potato were studied by pot experiment and different treatments. The results showed that foliar fertilizer rapeseed cake fertilizer had the best effect on the yield and branch number of vegetable sweet potato, and amino acid fertilizer 2 and Huaduoduo were second. Rapeseed cake fertilizer and amino acid fertilizer 1 had the best effect on improving quality, but the effect of amino acid fertilizer 1 on yield improvement was not significant. The yield and branch number of nitrogen reduction fertilization combined with foliar rapeseed cake fertilizer were comparable with those of conventional fertilization. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparison of strawberry varieties introduced in the facility in Fuyang area LIU Jianwei, FANG Hanhan, NI Xiaoming, DING Gengwei, WU Meijuan, YU Xuan, LU Chunlian, CHEN Jianhua 2024, 65 (1):  113-116.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20221074 Abstract ( 131 )   HTML ( 5 )   PDF (1053KB) ( 400 )   In this study, the agronomic characters, fruit characters, growth period, yield and disease and insect resistance characteristics of strawberry varieties Zhangji, Yuefeng, Yuexiu, Hongyu and Zhemei 17 were compared in the facility, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the promotion of strawberry in the local area. The results showed that the strawberry variety Zhemei 17 in Fuyang area had the earliest picking time, and it had the characteristics of good quality, strong continuous fruiting ability, high yield per plant, and storage and transportation resistance. The harvest time of Hongyu and Zhangji was the second, among which Zhangji had the strongest growth potential and good fruit quality, but it was not resistant to storage and transportation, and the yield of Hongyu was higher than that of Zhangji and Zhemei 17. Yuexiu and Yuefeng were the latest, and Yuefeng had good fruit quality, the first batch of fruits had the highest soluble solids content, but was not resistant to gray mold, and Yuexiu was the latest to harvest and had the highest plant yield. The five strawberry varieties have their own advantages and disadvantages, and it is suggested that strawberry varieties can be reasonably planted according to the phenological period to meet the demand for strawberries in different periods. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on promoting sprouting and branching of pear LIU Chunxiao, JIANG Xianda, LI Hui, KAN Jialiang, WANG Zhonghua, LI Xiaogang 2024, 65 (1):  117-124.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230723 Abstract ( 149 )   HTML ( 5 )   PDF (1146KB) ( 369 )   Promoting sprouting and branching is an important technical measure in pear cultivation. The emergence of branches is influenced by both variety differences and the use of exogenous hormones. The influence of molecular and chemical factors is closely related to cultivation techniques such as fertilizer and water management and pruning techniques. Currently, regarding the cultivation of promoting pear sprouting and branching, management techniques and molecular regulation have been reported, but there are few systematic discussions on pear tree sprouting and branching, especially in-depth molecular research reports. This article summarized the main factors affecting the sprouting and branching of pear trees include the characteristics of pear buds and the characters of sprouting and branching, and the physical factors of bud-notching, pruning, cutting-off, girdling, pinching, branch bending, flower thinning, fruit thinning, as well as chemical factors related to different hormones and treatments. This article reviews the cultivation techniques for promoting the germination and branching of pear trees over the past few decades, including the progress in management, hormone use, and related molecular research, and prospects for research on pear tree sprouting and branching, with the aim of promoting pear tree shaping and pruning, as well as ensuring high and stable yields. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of different fertilizer combinations on flowering and chlorophyll content of oriental cherry based on PCA GAO Zhaoliang, JUN Jiaxiang, SHEN Tongfei, ZHU Jianjun 2024, 65 (1):  125-129.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230426 Abstract ( 105 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF (1575KB) ( 309 )   Taking oriental cherry as the research object, this study has investigated the effects of different dosages and combinations of macroelement water-soluble fertilizer, secondary element water-soluble fertilizer, and microbial inoculants (Aijia Biological Company) on flowering and chlorophyll content. The results have indicated that different treatments have different promoting effects on various indicators of flowering and chlorophyll content. We have normalized the indicators of bud scale cracking rate, red exposure rate, flower bud production rate, initial flower rate, flowering rate, average number of flowers per plant, and leaf chlorophyll content and used principal component analysis (PCA) to construct an evaluation model for flowering and chlorophyll content. The results have showed that the optimal fertilizer combination for promoting flowering and chlorophyll content in leaves was macroelement water-soluble fertilizer of 100 g per plant, microbial inoculants of 50 mL per plant, and secondary element water-soluble fertilizer of 10 g per plant. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of chloroplast genome structure and evolutionary development of Metaplexis japonica MA Mengmeng, LI Shuxian, WU Huaitong 2024, 65 (1):  130-138.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230432 Abstract ( 85 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF (7877KB) ( 184 )   Metaplexis japonica (Thunb.) Makino has certain edible and medicinal value. The purpose of this study is to obtain the chloroplast genome splicing of Metaplexis japonica, analyze the sequence characteristics of the chloroplast genome, and determine its phylogenetic relationship in related species. The research method is to use the Illumina platform for high-throughput sequencing of the chloroplast genome of Metaplexis japonica, using a series of bioinformatics analysis methods to complete genome splicing and gene annotation, and analyze repeat sequence characteristics. Combining multiple closely related species of Metaplexis japonica, analyzing the variation of boundary genes, a multi species phylogenetic tree was constructed. The results showed that the chloroplast genome of Metaplexis japonica is a typical circular tetrad structure, with a total length of 157 081 bp and a GC content of 36.49%. A total of 132 genes were annotated, including 45 photosynthesis related genes, 74 self replication related genes, 6 other genes, and 7 functionally unknown genes. In total, 271 simple repeat sequence (SSR) loci were identified, with single base repeats being the main sequence, followed by triple base repeats. Multiple species comparison and phylogenetic analysis have confirmed that Metaplexis japonica belongs to the genus Cynanchum, and shows a closer relation to the genera Asclepias and Calotropis. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Experimental study on the occurrence of sweet potato weevil in the field ZHANG Fuxian, SHEN Shengfa, SHAO Xiaowei, WU Liehong 2024, 65 (1):  139-143.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20221087 Abstract ( 111 )   HTML ( 6 )   PDF (1291KB) ( 267 )   In recent years, the sweet potato weevil has become more and more severe in Quzhou city, and the epidemic area centered around the origin of Shilifeng in Qujiang District and has spread to the entire Quzhou City and even the surrounding areas, seriously threatening the development of the sweet potato industry in Quzhou City and even Zhejiang Province. In this study, the population density and growth dynamics of sweet potato weevils in the field were monitored by sexual attractant trapping, and the characteristics and causes of sweet potato weevils in the field were analyzed, and the differences in the damage of weevils of different sweet potato varieties were compared. The results showed that in 2019, the peak occurrence of sweet potato weevils in Qujiang District was from October to November, and the peak was at the end of October. Temperature is an important factor affecting the growth of weevils, and the dynamics of sweet potato weevils are negatively correlated with the average temperature. Qushu 2, the cultivar with the best precociousness and the shallowest potato setting in this study, had the largest weevil trapping rate (1 229) and the most serious tuber damage rate (85.71%). Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparative experiment on the resistance of tomato yellow leaf curl virus in Hotan Area ZHENG Jianchao, LI Ming, DONG Fei 2024, 65 (1):  144-147.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230439 Abstract ( 112 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF (1056KB) ( 335 )   To screen high resistance tomato varieties to yellow leaf curl virus disease in Hotan area, and provide a basis for the prevention and control of yellow leaf curl virus disease in tomato facilities and the selection of resistant varieties. The results showed that all tested varieties were infected by chlorotic leaf curl virus at different levels. The plant height, stem diameter and leaf number among tomato varieties decreased with the increase of incidence rate and disease index of chlorotic leaf curl virus. The chlorophyll relative content (SPAD value), leaf net photosynthetic rate (Pn), and yield of Temete 36 were the highest, with no significant difference compared with Youla 578 and Dongfeng 199, but significantly higher than other treatments. Varieties Diana, Youla 578, Dongfeng 199, Aofen 1, Fenna, and Ellis had relative disease resistance indices ranging from 0.86 to 0.99, which were highly resistant varieties. Based on comprehensive analysis of disease resistance, plant traits, leaf photosynthetic parameters, and yield, the varieties Temeite 36, Dongfeng 199, and Youla 578 showed better performance, making them the preferred varieties for resistance to yellow leaf curl virus disease in autumn greenhouse tomato crops in Hotan, Xinjiang. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Genetic diversity analysis and control strategies of weedy rice in Huzhou Area ZHAO Deqi, GU Gang, MENG Huabing, ZHANG Qiyan, SHANG Nianjun, CHEN Wei, CHEN Lei 2024, 65 (1):  148-156.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20220963 Abstract ( 102 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (14282KB) ( 342 )   Weedy rice, as a genetically close weed of rice, is one of the most difficult weeds to control in rice fields. With the advancement of modern agriculture, the area of rice direct seeding has increased year by year, and the harm of weed rice to rice yield has become increasingly serious. In this study, 48 pairs of SSR primers specified in NY/T 1433—2014 were used to analyze the genetic diversity of 15 weed rice plants collected from Huzhou City, and their phenotypic traits were analyzed and compared. The results showed that the phenotypic differences of the 15 weed rice plants were significant, and the grain drop was significantly stronger than that of the control Jietian rice 001 and Wuyunjing. The SSR results showed that a total of 104 alleles were detected by 48 pairs of primers, and the average polymorphic information was 0.313 8, showing moderate polymorphism. The average number of alleles was 2.312 5, the average number of effective alleles was 1.577 2, and the average Shannon information index was 0.515 4, indicating high genetic diversity. In this study, ALS gene sequence analysis was performed on these 15 weedy rice lines, and 32 SNP loci were found, but none of them produced resistance. Therefore, the control strategy of weedy rice in Huzhou was preliminarily discussed by using rice resistant to ALS inhibitor herbicides. The results showed that the weeds found in Huzhou could be controlled by spraying ALS inhibitor herbicides. These results will provide a reference for the control strategy of weed rice in Huzhou. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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UPLC-MS/MS based technique for the detection of diuron residues in soil SHI Chaoyu, SUN Xiaoxin, WU Rong, YANG Yong, WANG Xue, XIAO Xuexi 2024, 65 (1):  157-161.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230070 Abstract ( 130 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF (1581KB) ( 425 )   In order to improve the extraction efficiency of diuron in soil and to detect its residues more accurately, pressurized solvent extraction was used as the extraction method for diuron in soil, and a new method for the extraction and detection of diuron in soil was established by using ultra performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry. The sample was freeze-dried and loaded into a pressurized solvent extractor, and a methanol-dichloromethane mixture was used as the extractant. The extract was cleaned up by a Carb/PSA graphitized carbon black/ethylenediamine-N-propyl solid phase extraction column, and then separated by a C18 column with a gradient elution of methanol-dichloromethane mixture at a volume ratio of 1∶9. The electron bombardment ion source and multiple reaction were selected in the mass spectrometry monitoring mode. The results showed that there was a good linear relationship within the range of 20-500 μg·L-1 diuron, with a correlation coefficient of 0.999 5, and the target peak separation effect is good. The spiked recoveries of diuron were 71.2%-90.3%, the relative standard deviations were 1.7%-9.4%, and the detection limits were 0.000 287 0 μg·g-1. This method is conducive to the operation of large-scale detection of diuron residues in soil, improving the extraction and detection efficiency of target substances, and improving the accuracy of sample detection. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparative study on the control effects of different agents on tobacco viral disease LI Zilin, YANG Ji, LIU Xiaohui, MA Yiwen, TANG Yuanxiang, LI Xuewei 2024, 65 (1):  162-165.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20221023 Abstract ( 148 )   HTML ( 8 )   PDF (1054KB) ( 488 )   In this study, randomized block experiments were used to study the control effects of different agents on tobacco viral diseases and the growth of flue-cured tobacco. The results showed that the agronomic traits of tobacco plants in T1 and T5 treatments were better than other treatments. After 10 days of application, the control effect of tobacco tomato spotted wilt treated with T1 was better. After 15 days of application, the control effect of tobacco mosaic disease and tobacco potato Y virus disease in T1 treatment was better, and the control effect of tobacco tomato spotted wilt in T2 treatment was better. After 20 days of application, the control effect of tobacco mosaic disease and tobacco potato Y virus disease in T1 and T2 treatments was better. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Exploration of the field control program of flufenamide compound for whitefly FENG Hui, MA Haiqin, LI Zhenfeng 2024, 65 (1):  166-169.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20221063 Abstract ( 133 )   HTML ( 6 )   PDF (1047KB) ( 434 )   In order to clarify the control effect of flufenamide compound on whitefly and provide a theoretical basis for its production and application, relevant field efficacy tests were conducted in Hangzhou from July to September in 2022 with reference to the field efficacy test guidelines. The test showed that 24% avi fluridine SC 750-1 000 times mixed with 300-500 times of additives (wintergreen oil) could effectively control whiteflies (adults, nymphs, eggs) of eggplant and sweet potato. Under high insect population density, it is not recommended to use 22% fluorolidine and fluridine urea SC 750 times solution mixed with 300 times of additives to control sweet potato whitefly (adult, egg). The 24% avi fluridine SC mixed additive is an ideal treatment program for whitefly and has good application and promotion value. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Field control effect of 22.4% fluazole aniline seed treatment suspension on rice diseases WANG Xiaofei, ZHOU Changyong, LI Meixia, MAO Jia, CHEN Yali, QI Yingjie, QIAN Xin, CHEN Xianghua, ZHENG Lei, CAO Kaige 2024, 65 (1):  170-174.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20221132 Abstract ( 126 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF (1073KB) ( 311 )   The aim of this study was to clarify the field efficacy of 22.4% fluazole aniline seed treatment suspension in the control of rice bakanae disease, rice seedling blight and rice sheath blight disease, and to determine the optimal dosage and safety. The dosages of 22.4% fluazole aniline seed treatment suspension agent were 8, 10 and 12 mL·kg-1, and the dosage of control agent 3.5% fludioxin nail cream suspension was 4 mL·kg-1, respectively. The results showed that the field control efficacy of 22.4% fluazole aniline seed treatment suspension on rice bakanae disease was 80.55%-92.21%, 82.25%-90.11% against rice seedling blight, 78.70%-90.77% against rice sheath blight disease, and yield increase rate of 41.25%-55.12%, which were significantly better than those of the control agent 3.5% flurodiin nail cream suspension, and had a significant growth promotion effect on rice seedling emergence and growth. In summary, 22.4% fluazole aniline seed treatment suspension seed dressing has a good effect on the control of rice diseases, and the recommended dosage of preparation is 8-12 mL·kg-1 and the dosage of active ingredient is 1.79-2.69 mL·kg-1. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Optimization of camellia oil film degumming process using response surface methodology WU Kunlong, LU Yun, ZHANG Liang, LIU Biao, LI Yanpo 2024, 65 (1):  175-180.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230053 Abstract ( 82 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF (7599KB) ( 179 )   Taking camellia oil as the research object, Box-Behnken Response Surface Design was used to optimize the process conditions of camellia oil film degumming in order to explore the effects of membrane pore size, mixed oil concentration, and operating pressure on membrane degumming, and compare the effects of membrane degumming and hydration degumming processes on the quality of camellia oil. The results showed that the optimal process conditions for camellia oil film degumming were membrane pore size 10 ku, mixed oil mass fraction 35%, operating pressure 0.25 MPa, and the degumming rate after film degumming was 96.85%. Compared with hydration degumming, membrane degumming has significant effects on camellia oil degumming, decolorization, and deacidification, with a decolorization rate of 51.6% and the acid value decrease from 15.30 mg·g-1 to 0.64 mg·g-1. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of exogenous GA3 and ABA on endogenous hormone regulation and conventional chemical composition of flue-cured tobacco LI Bo, CHEN Xiaoxiang, ZHANG Wenjun, ZHAI Zhengguang, LIU Huabing, JIANG Zhimin, XU Zhiqiang 2024, 65 (1):  181-189.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20221178 Abstract ( 122 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF (3608KB) ( 374 )   In this paper, the mechanism of exogenous hormones gibberellin (GA3) and abscisic acid (ABA) was investigated from the hormone and gene levels, and the effects of exogenous hormones on the growth and development, yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco were studied, providing theoretical basis for field application of exogenous hormones. Field experiments were conducted with Zhongyan100 and NC71, and different concentrations of GA3 and ABA were sprayed to determine the agronomic traits, gene expression, physiological characteristics, endogenous hormone content and chemical composition of tobacco leaves after roasting. The results showed that the height of ZY100 and NC71 plants increased by 20% and 31% respectively after GA3 spraying compared with no GA3 spraying. After spraying ABA, the height of ZY100 plant decreased by 17%, and the height of NC71 plant decreased by 10%. After spraying GA3, the content of endogenous gibberellin in ZY100 and NC71 increased by 20% and 30%, respectively. After spraying exogenous GA3, the gene expressions of CPS, GA20ox and PSY in ZY100 and NC71 tobacco plants were up-regulated, while the gene expressions of GA2ox were down-regulated. Spraying GA3 increased the contents of chlorophyll and soluble protein in ZY100 and NC71, decreased the content of malondialdehyde, increased the total sugar content, potassium content, potassium chlorine ratio, decreased the nicotine content and chlorine content, and significantly improved the economic properties of flue-cured tobacco. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis on the changes of chemical components and sensory quality of Fujian Nanping redried tobacco strips during natural aging FAN Yuxin, WANG Lijun, BAI Feng, XU Chensheng, DUAN Weidong, SHEN Hongtao, WANG Yanfang, LIU Ling 2024, 65 (1):  190-196.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20221161 Abstract ( 99 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (1113KB) ( 328 )   In order to explore the natural aging law and the optimum aging period of Fujian Nanping redried tobacco strips, the redried tobacco strips (variety K326) from Nanping of Fujian Province were stored in Xinzheng warehouse, Henan Province for natural aging, and the changes of chemical components and sensory quality of tobacco strips were analyzed during natural aging. The results showed that the contents of total nitrogen, total alkaloids, total sugar, reducing sugar, the total content of free amino acids and pH value in tobacco strips all decreased and the total content of polyphenols increased with the aging time. Compared with at the 9 months of aging, the total content of free amino acids of B2F and C3F tobacco strips aged at the 30 months decreased by 7.01% and 13.79%, respectively, the total content of polyphenols of B2F and C3F tobacco strips aged at the 30 months increased by 25.50% and 13.79%, respectively. The highest sensory quality scores of B2F and C3F tobacco strips were at 18 months and 15 months of aging respectively. At this time, the aged tobacco strips can be processed, which can ensure the quality and reduce the tobacco strips loss. The correlation analysis showed that the total score of sensory quality was significantly negative correlated with total contents of alkaloids and free amino acids. The aroma quality and aftertaste were all significantly negative correlated with the contents of scopoletin and rutin. The aroma quantity was significantly positive correlation with the contents of scopoletin and rutin. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on demand and dietary supply levels of protein in pigs at different growth stages GUO Siqi, XU Ziwei, TAO Xin 2024, 65 (1):  197-202.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230692 Abstract ( 129 )   HTML ( 9 )   PDF (1119KB) ( 365 )   Pigs at different growth stages have unique physiological characteristics, therefore their demand for dietary protein varies. The level of dietary protein not only affects the health and growth of pigs, but also is closely related to the feed cost and utilization rate, which largely determines the economic benefits of pig farms. Therefore, starting from the actual production, this paper mainly reviewed the research and application effects of feed protein supply levels for pigs at different growth stages both domestically and internationally, based on elaborating the physiological characteristics and protein requirements of pigs at different growth stages. Finally, suitable feed protein formulation suggestions are provided for pigs at different stages, providing reference for pig production. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Investigation of intestinal parasitic infection in dogs and cats in Wenzhou ZHANG Anqi, DAI Junyang, XIE Yuting, YAO Jinjing, LIU Suzhen, JIAN Yongli 2024, 65 (1):  203-207.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20220971 Abstract ( 90 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF (5278KB) ( 238 )   In order to understand the infection status of intestinal parasites in dogs and cats in Wenzhou area, a total of 267 fresh fecal samples collected from different breeding places were examined using direct smear method, saturated saline flotation method, and sedimentation method. The results showed that 74 samples were positive, and a total of 7 species of parasite eggs were detected, mainly including Toxocara canis and hookworm eggs. Stray dogs and cats as well as un-dewormed dogs and cats had significantly higher infection rates compared with pet dogs and cats and dewormed dogs and cats. Five species of zoonotic parasites, including Toxocara canis, hookworms, Dipylidium caninum, Mesocestoides mansoni, and Giardia, were detected. Stray dogs and cats had a higher variety and infection rate of parasites, and they carried multiple zoonotic parasites. The study showed that the infection of intestinal parasites in dogs and cats in Wenzhou area was relatively common and complex, providing basic materials for further understanding the infection status of parasites and the prevention and control of zoonotic parasitic diseases in dogs and cats in Wenzhou area. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Construction of lentivirus-mediated stable expression of duck interferon-γ cell line CHEN Liu, NI Zheng, LIU Keshu, YE Weicheng, HUA Jionggang, YUN Tao, ZHU Yinchu, ZHANG Cun 2024, 65 (1):  208-212.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20218494 Abstract ( 95 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF (2758KB) ( 180 )   Interferon-γ is one of the cytokines with antiviral activity and immunomodulatory ability. To construct a cell line stably expressing duck interferon-γ, the gene of duck interferon gamma (dIFN-γ) was optimized referring to mouse codon and synthesized. Synthesed dIFN-γ was cloned into lentiviral expressing vector plenti-GIII-CMV-GFP-2A-Puro to construct recombinant plasmid plenti-IFN. The recombinant lentiviral rlenti-IFN was rescued by co-transfected plenti-IFN and helper plasmid into packaging cell 293T. After infection Chinese hamster ovary(CHO)cells with recombiant rlenti-IFN, 30 monoclonal cell lines with purinomycin resistance were selected by limited dilution and pressure screening. At last, one monoclonal cell line with the highest duIFN-γ mRNA level was selected by RT-qPCR method. One stable cell line was finally obtained by expanding culture. Western blot analysis indicated that duIFN-γ was stably expressed in this cell line. This study lays a foundation for studying duIFN-γ biological function, establishing duIFN-γ detection method and producing cheap interferon for duck or poultry. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Temporal and spatial evolution of agricultural green total factor productivity in Jiangxi Province WANG Qiaoling, OU-YANG Yaoshu 2024, 65 (1):  213-219.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230023 Abstract ( 131 )   HTML ( 5 )   PDF (3584KB) ( 284 )   Considering the carbon emission constraint, taking agricultural carbon emission as the undesired output, Global Malmquist-Luenberger index model was used to measure the agricultural green total factor productivity(AGTFP) in 11 cities in Jiangxi Province from 2011 to 2020. Then the temporal and spatial evolution pattern was analyzed, and also the possible driving sources were explored. The results showed that the AGTFP in Jiangxi province was stable from 2011 to 2016, while from 2018 to 2020, it reached new high points after experiencing the low point in 2017. There were obvious differences in different regions, Yingtan had the highest AGTFP, followed by Nanchang, Jiujiang, while Fuzhou has the lowest AGTFP. The change of AGTFP was mainly driven by technological progress from 2018, and the contribution of scale efficiency to technological efficiency was gradually reduced. In the future, it is of vital importance to optimize the agricultural industrial structure, the allocation of resource factors such as agricultural technical personnel, agricultural capital input, water resources and land use, and promote the green and low-carbon development of agriculture through agricultural technological innovation. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Breeding of a late-maturing and high-yielding Chinese milk vetch variety Ningzi 3 XU Yan, ZHANG Quanfeng, MA Tiantian, XIAO Jiarui 2024, 65 (1):  220-223.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230460 Abstract ( 91 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (1045KB) ( 350 )   Ningzi 3 is a late-maturing and high-yielding new variety of Chinese milk vetch, selected by Zhejiang Wuwangnong Seeds Sharehooding Co., Ltd. This variety was systematically selected through pedigree analysis, based on the domestic Chinese milk vetch variety Ningbo Daqiao as the basic population, and variant individuals with late maturity and thick stems were selected. After years of self breeding for agronomic and quality traits, targeted breeding was carried out. The average fresh grass yield of this variety in the two-year multi-point adaptability test is 56 877.9 kg·hm-2, which is 21.5% higher than the control Ningbo Daqiao variety. During the flowering period, the crude protein content were 19.5%, crude fiber content was 25.50%, crude fat content was 31.4 g·kg-1, nitrogen content was 3.12%, phosphorus content was 2.02 g·kg-1, and potassium content was 42.7 g·kg-1. In 2022, it was recognized as a non major crop variety in Zhejiang Province [Zhejiang Recognition Fertilizer 2022001] and is suitable for planting in Zhejiang Province. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on spatial autocorrelation analysis of cadmium content in farmland soil at different sampling intervals CHEN Yinzai, CHEN Baicheng, MEI Haotian, XIA Feng, LIU Dan 2024, 65 (1):  224-229.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20221280 Abstract ( 86 )   HTML ( 6 )   PDF (2206KB) ( 203 )   Taking a paddy field soil in Dinghai District, Zhoushan City as the research object, the spatial autocorrelation characteristics of cadmium (Cd) in farmland soil under 40 m and 20 m sampling intervals were comprehensively discussed by using the combined method of global spatial autocorrelation and local spatial autocorrelation. The results showed that there was an obvious scale effect at both sampling intervals, and the short sampling interval (20 m) was easier to reveal the spatial distribution of Cd element. For the safe use and treatment of CD-contaminated farmland soil, although the sampling interval of 40 m can reduce the investigation cost in the early stage, the specific location of the higher Cd content could not be accurately identified, which increased the uncertainty of safe use and treatment in the later stage, while the sampling interval of 20 m could accurately identify outliers. It is helpful to take targeted pollution prevention and control measures for the soil with high Cd content and cut off the pollution source, which provides a reference for the safe utilization and treatment of Cd-polluted farmland soil. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Dynamic effects of deep ploughing combined with application of structural conditioner on moisture content of newly cultivated low hilly red soil CHI Yongqing, ZHANG Mingkui 2024, 65 (1):  230-234.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20221076 Abstract ( 100 )   HTML ( 9 )   PDF (1071KB) ( 194 )   In order to explore the way to improve the water storage capacity of newly cultivated low hilly red soil dry land, three kinds of newly cultivated red soil dry land with different textures (sandy loam, clay loam and clay soil) were selected in central Zhejiang, and the effects of deep tillage combined with structural conditioner on soil water status were carried out. The experiment consisted of three treatments: control (shallow tillage), structural conditioner (shallow tillage+structural conditioner) and deep tillage combined with structural conditioner. The changes of water content and water storage capacity of 0-50 cm soil layer at different depths were dynamically observed. The results showed that deep ploughing combined with structural conditioner significantly reduced the bulk density of soil, and increased the number of soil water stability aggregates and water retention. The field water capacity of sand loam, clay loam and clay soil increased by 1.58%, 1.94% and 4.35%, respectively, compared with that of the control. The field water capacity of sand loam, clay loam and clay soil increased by 1.35%, 2.28% and 2.68%, respectively, compared with the control after deep tillage and structural conditioner. The soil water storage in the 20-50 cm soil layer in the dry season was significantly higher than that in the control. The water storage in sandy loam, clay loam and clay soil was 2.06%-12.16%, 1.73%-12.41% and 5.53%-23.62% higher than that in the control, respectively. The effect of deep tillage was most obvious in clay, and is relatively weak in sandy loam soil. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The mechanism and empirical testing of the impact of digital inclusive finance on increasing farmers' income DU Manyu, WANG Ruifeng 2024, 65 (1):  235-241.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230005 Abstract ( 271 )   HTML ( 19 )   PDF (1102KB) ( 361 )   Strengthening digital inclusive financial services is the requirement of the times to support the goal of common prosperity. To reveal the inherent mechanism of digital inclusive finance in helping farmers increase their income, this article empirically analyzed the impact of digital inclusive finance on farmers' income growth and income structure changes based on the Peking University digital inclusive finance index from 2011 to 2020 and related income statistical data. The results indicated that digital inclusive finance had a significant promoting effect on farmers' income growth. The degree of promotion of different sources of income growth in farmers' income structure was in descending order: net income from farmers' transfer, net income from farmers' property, net income from farmers' wages, and net income from farmers' operations. Digital inclusive finance had a more significant effect on aiding agriculture and increasing income in the low level of economic development in the central, western, and northeastern regions. Overall, digital inclusive finance was helpful to narrow the income gap between urban and rural areas, but posed a risk of widening the gap between net operating income and net property income. Based on this, the government should comply with the impact characteristics of digital inclusive finance on farmers' income, develop digital inclusive finance more efficiently and higher quality, vigorously promote digital inclusive finance in areas with low economic development levels, and also formulate countermeasures to avoid the risk of widening the urban-rural gap between net operating income and net property income. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The application progress of agricultural internet of things technology in greenhouse production GE Lijiao, CHENG Yujing, QIU Liang, WANG Xiaoqiu, ZHAI Caijiao, DING Xiaowei 2024, 65 (1):  242-248.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230436 Abstract ( 347 )   HTML ( 35 )   PDF (1853KB) ( 478 )   The internet of things in agriculture, as a strategic emerging industry in China, plays a significant role in accelerating the transformation from traditional agriculture to modern agriculture. This article summarized the concept, domestic and international application overview, system structure, key technologies and specific applications of agricultural internet of things in greenhouses. In order to fully utilize the advantages of agricultural internet of things technology in greenhouses and provide reference basis for the large-scale promotion and application of agricultural internet of things technology in China, this article analyzed and prospected the problems and future construction directions of agricultural internet of things technology in the application and promotion of greenhouses combined with the actual situation in China. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics