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11 November 2025, Volume 66 Issue 11 Previous Issue   

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Study on the current status, challenges, and coping strategies of new-farmer entrepreneurship in Zhejiang Province LI Xiaodan, YU Hongbin, YU Jiajie 2025, 66 (11):  2537-2542.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250270 Abstract ( 64 )   HTML ( 8 )   PDF (1167KB) ( 96 )   As the core actors in the process of agricultural modernization, the entrepreneurial efficiency of new farmers is directly related to the iteration rate of new qulity productive forces in rural area. Based on the sustainable entrepreneurship theory and the agricultural innovation systems framework, an empirical investigation of 723 new farmers across 11 cities and 46 counties in Zhejiang Province revealed their pioneering roles in technology adoption, organizational innovation, and industrial restructuring. However, the entrepreneurial efficiency was still constrained by three endogenous factors, including rural integration obstacles, professional knowledge deficits, and insufficient policy accessibility, as well as three external factors, including the absence of agricultural standards, mismatch of training resources, and lack of industrial positioning. Accordingly, this study proposed a “dual-driven intervention system”, offering critical insights for promoting the healthy development of new-farmers entrepreneurship and promoting the comprehensive rural revitalization. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The impact of the digital divide on rural labor employment MA Yiwen, DONG Yijun, LIN Longfei 2025, 66 (11):  2543-2551.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240928 Abstract ( 28 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF (1267KB) ( 70 )   Rural labor force is a key group in ensuring stable employment, but there is a lack of focused research on the impact of the increasingly widening digital divide on the employment status of rural labor force. This article analyzes the impact of the digital divide on the employment status of rural labor force using data from the 2018 China Family Panel Studies. The study reveals that the digital divide is not conducive to rural labor employment, and the conclusion still holds true after adding the main control variables and regional dummy variables. Heterogeneity analysis shows that the digital divide has a greater negative impact on the employment of the “older generation,” “high skilled,” and local rural labor. Further mechanism analysis reveals that the digital divide mainly hinders rural labor employment by weakening information access channels. This study provides empirical support for bridging the digital divide in the current context of informatization, and the conclusions have important policy implications for promoting stable employment of millions of rural laborers. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of detasseling time and number of top leaves removed on ear traits of maize cultivar Wenkenuo 1 ZENG Wei, GAO Xiteng, DENG Lizhang, HUANG Yechang, YUE Gaohong, PAN Binrong, LIU Yongan 2025, 66 (11):  2552-2555.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240334 Abstract ( 29 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (1579KB) ( 73 )   To investigate the effects of detasseling time and the number of top leaves removed on ear traits of the fresh edible sweet-waxy maize cultivar Wenkenuo 1, four detasseling treatments were set up: T1, detasseling on May 23rd, 3.30 top leaves removed; T2, detasseling on May 26th, 2.10 top leaves removed; T3, detasseling on the day of tasseling (May 29), 0.80 top leaves removed; T4, detasseling on June 2nd, 0 top leaves removed. A non-detasseled treatment served as the control. Ear traits were investigated and analyzed at harvest. The results showed that ear length, bald tip length, kernel number per row, fresh ear weight, and net ear weight in all detasseling treatments were greater than those in the control, while ear diameter was smaller. This may be related to the indeterminate growth characteristics of the ear axis in Wenkenuo 1. Among the treatments, T3 exhibited the highest fresh ear weight and net ear weight, indicating that detasseling at the tasseling stage with 0.80 top leaves removed achieved the best yield-enhancement effect for Wenkenuo 1. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of different nitrogen fertilizer gradients and ratios of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on the yield and quality of ratoon rice WEN Shuai, LIANG Lingyu, WANG Yueli, SUN Manwen, LUO Longxin, ZHAO Wanghui, DUAN Zhao, WANG Xuehua 2025, 66 (11):  2556-2561.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240839 Abstract ( 41 )   HTML ( 7 )   PDF (1196KB) ( 95 )   To explore the high-yield and high-quality fertilization model of ratoon rice, a field experiment was conducted in Heshan District, Yiyang City, Hunan Province in 2023, using Shuangliangyou 138 as the material. Three nitrogen fertilizer gradients (N1, N2, N3, with nitrogen application rates of 150, 210, and 270 kg·hm-2 respectively) and two nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium (N-P-K) ratios (P1, P2, with N, P2O5, K2O mass ratios of 1.0∶0.5∶1.0 and 1.0∶0.6∶1.2 respectively) were set up to study fertilizer the effects of different nitrogen fertilizer application rates and ratios on the yield and quality of ratoon rice. The results showed that, on the whole, with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer application rate, the first season yield of ratoon rice showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing, the chalkiness rate and chalkiness degree of regenerative season decreased first and then increased, the gel consistency and the amylose content increased first and then decreased. The effect of (N-P-K) ratio on yield and quality was relatively small. The highest yield of the first season was N2P2, the highest yield of the ratoon season was N3P2, and the highest annual yield was N2P2. In terms of quality, N3P2 had moderate amylose content and pasting properties, but the worst appearance quality. N2P2 had the best appearance quality, and both pasting properties and taste quality were good. In conclusion, the optimal fertilization model for ratoon rice Shuangliangyou 138 is the N2P2 combination, which is conducive to achieving a balance between high yield and high quality. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of mechanized transplanting with synchronized side-deep fertilization on yield and nitrogen use efficiency of double-cropping rice KONG Haimin, JIANG Mingbei, LIAN Zhenghua, CHEN Hongjin, ZHAO Yujie, ZHANG Gengmiao, CHEN Zhaoming, WANG Qiang 2025, 66 (11):  2562-2565.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250452 Abstract ( 48 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1173KB) ( 84 )   To investigate the effects of mechanized transplanting with synchronized side-deep fertilization on yield, nitrogen accumulation, and utilization of double-cropping rice, a field experiment was conducted from 2022 to 2024 using varieties Zhongzao 39 (early rice) and Yongyou 15 (late rice). Five treatments were established: no nitrogen fertilization, other fertilizers broadcast application (T1); conventional fertilization, broadcast application (T2); fixed-quantity fertilization, broadcast application (T3); formula fertilizer, side-deep fertilization (T4); slow-release fertilizer, side-deep fertilization (T5). The results showed that, compared with T2, the yields of early rice in T4, and T5 significantly (p<0.05) increased by 18.3%, and 24.7%, respectively, and late rice yields significantly increased by 10.1%, and 8.9%, respectively. In addition, the total yield of double-cropping rice in T4 and T5 was significantly higher than that in T3, and nitrogen accumulation in these two treatments was also significantly higher than that in T1, T2, and T3. Regarding nitrogen use efficiency, the apparent nitrogen recovery efficiency, agronomic efficiency, and partial factor productivity of early rice in T4 and T5 were significantly higher than those in T2 and T3. For late rice, the apparent nitrogen recovery efficiency in T4 and T5 was also significantly higher than that in T2 and T3. In conclusion, mechanized transplanting with synchronized side-deep fertilization can reduce fertilizer input while increasing yield and nitrogen use efficiency in double-cropping rice, making it a suitable fertilization method for rice production in Zhejiang Province. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of combined application of conventional urea and slow-release urea on rice yield and phosphorus fertilizer use efficiency CHEN Weilong, SHEN Wenying, XIAO Jiali, TU Changpeng, CAO Xuexian 2025, 66 (11):  2566-2570.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240441 Abstract ( 32 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (1169KB) ( 75 )   To investigate the effects of combined application of conventional urea and slow-release urea on rice yield and phosphorus fertilizer use efficiency, a field experiment was conducted with six treatments: CK (no fertilizer), NK, N2K, NPK, N2PK, and N3PK. The results showed that under straw return conditions, the rice grain yield of the no fertilizer treatment (CK) was the lowest, at 5 577 kg·hm-2, accounting for 60.10% of the yield in the NPK treatment, indicating a fertilizer-induced yield increase contribution rate of 39.90%. The average grain yield of the no-phosphorus treatments (NK and N2K) was 86.46% of that of the phosphorus-applied treatments (NPK, N2PK, and N3PK), demonstrating a phosphorus fertilizer contribution rate of 13.54%. Compared with CK, the phosphorus-applied treatments (NPK, N2PK, and N3PK) significantly (p<0.05) increased rice grain yield, with the combined slow-release urea treatments (N2PK and N3PK) showing particularly notable effects. Compared with the no-phosphorus treatments (NK and N2K), the combined slow-release urea treatments (N2PK and N3PK) significantly enhanced grain yield, straw yield, straw phosphorus content, grain phosphorus uptake, and straw phosphorus uptake. Compared with the NPK treatment, the combined slow-release urea treatments (N2PK and N3PK) increased the apparent phosphorus recovery efficiency by 11.2 percentage points. In conclusion, under the experimental conditions, the combined application of slow-release urea (N2PK and N3PK) is recommended to effectively improve rice yield and phosphorus fertilizer use efficiency. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Response of continuous cropping late rice to fertilization under different soil conditions FENG Yanyu, CHEN Huiming, ZHAO Yujie, XIANG Binbin, ZHANG Gengmiao 2025, 66 (11):  2571-2575.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240590 Abstract ( 52 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (2118KB) ( 89 )   To investigate scientific fertilization strategies for continuous cropping late rice under different soil conditions, a field experiment was conducted using Yongyou 1540 as the test material. Six fertilization treatments were established: no fertilization (CK), nitrogen-free (N0P1K1), phosphorus-free (N1P0K1), potassium-free (N1P1K0), formula fertilization (N1P1K1), and slow-release fertilizer (NHPHKH), in two typical soil experimental sites. The results showed that the yield of late rice was higher in the high-fertility soil than in the low-fertility soil. The slow-release fertilizer treatment (NHPHKH) increased both grain yield and fertilizer utilization efficiency in both high- and low-fertility soils. Notably, the effect was more pronounced in the low-fertility soil, where it further enhanced fertilizer efficiency and improved net income. This study provides a reference for optimizing fertilization strategies for continuous cropping late rice. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of single application of slow-control-release fertilizer on wheat yield in Lianshui WU Lantian, WANG Zheng, FENG Suming, CHEN Min, DU Xiaofeng, WU Chuanwan, WANG Hongbao 2025, 66 (11):  2576-2579.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240606 Abstract ( 40 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1165KB) ( 101 )   To evaluate the effects of different slow-control-released fertilizer treatments on wheat yield and economic benefits in Lianshui County, this study established four experimental treatments. The results showed that the SF1 and SF2 treatments of slow-control-released fertilizer improved wheat yield and economic benefits, with the SF1 treatment demonstrating the best performance. The SF1 treatment resulted in the highest maximum tiller number per 667 m2, effective panicle number, panicle formation rate, and 1 000-grain weight. The yield of SF1 treatment per 667 m2 reached 723.15 kg, representing a significant (p<0.05) increase by 20.51% compared with CK. Economic analysis revealed that the SF1 treatment increased income by 309.0 yuan per 667 m2 compared with CK. Comprehensive analysis indicates that the SF1 treatment has significant application effects for wheat cultivation in Lianshui County and possesses high promotion value. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Breeding and cultivation techniques of new purple sweet potato variety Zijingxiang with high yield and good quality JI Zhixian, XIANG Chao, MENG Yusha 2025, 66 (11):  2580-2584.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240646 Abstract ( 42 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (1149KB) ( 70 )   Breeding new high-quality fresh-eating sweet potato varieties is a crucial objective in sweet potato breeding research. Currently, purple sweet potato lacks diversity in varieties, particularly high-quality fresh-eating cultivars. This study employed independently innovated rapid breeding and quality-related identification techniques. Using core germplasm 264 as the maternal parent, we successfully developed a new purple sweet potato variety, Zijingxiang, characterized by high yield and superior quality for fresh eating. In a two-year variety comparison trial in Zhejiang Province, average fresh, dried, and starch yields per 667 m2 of Zijingxiang showed increases of 19.70%, 4.30%, and 0.45% over the control variety Zheshu 13. In the variety comparison trial for the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River, Zijingxiang demonstrated higher fresh, dried, and starch yields compared with Mianzishu 9. Its taste score was comparable to Zheshu 13 and superior to Mianzishu 9. The soluble sugar and reducing sugar content in fresh sweet potato of Zijingxiang were equivalent to Zheshu 33. It exhibits resistance to fusarium wilt, moderate resistance to root rot, and susceptibility to black rot and stem nematode disease. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of different sowing dates on peanut cultivar Pukehua 11 LIU Congcong, LI Zhenhua, ZHANG Yingying, DING Fengjun 2025, 66 (11):  2585-2588.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240136 Abstract ( 29 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1505KB) ( 69 )   Timely sowing is one of the key cultivation measures for increasing peanut yield and achieving a bumper harvest. To determine the optimal sowing date for Pukehua 11 and provide a scientific basis for peanut production, this study set five sowing date treatments, including May 1, 11, 21, 31, and June 10, to systematically investigate the effects of different sowing dates on the growth process, agronomic traits, yield, and quality characteristics of Pukehua 11. The results showed that as the sowing date was delayed, the emergence time, flowering time, and growth period were shortened. The main stem height, lateral branch length of peanuts were higher under the sowing date of May 11 and May 21. Sowing date had no significant effect on the branche number per plant. Under the May 11 sowing date, the pod yield and kernel yield of peanuts were higher than those under other sowing dates. With the delay of the sowing date, the crude fat content, oleic acid content, and the ratio of oleic acid to linoleic acid gradually decreased, while the crude protein and linoleic acid content increased. In conclusion, May 11 can be recommended as the suitable sowing date for Pukehua 11. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Intercropping cultivation techniques of oil peony cultivar Fengdan and pear cultivar Cuiguan ZHOU Jianghua, LIU Huichun, ZHU Kaiyuan, ZHANG Jiaqiang, XU Wenting 2025, 66 (11):  2589-2592.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240454 Abstract ( 34 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1141KB) ( 96 )   Oil peony cultivar Fengdan is a novel oil-bearing and ornamental variety characterized by high yield, high oil content, and superior quality. As a small shrub with a relatively short growth cycle, its monoculture planting exhibits low land-use efficiency. After three years of experimentation, an intercropping system involving oil peony cultivar Fengdan and pear cultivar Cuiguan has been developed. This paper summarizes and introduces the key cultivation and management techniques of this intercropping model, aiming to provide a reference for large-scale promotion of the oil peony cultivar Fengdan and pear cultivar Cuiguan intercropping system. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of animal-derived organic fertilizer application on soil and tea growth and quality in tea plantation LI Jinqiu, WEI Yinglu, HUANG Tingting, WANG Lei 2025, 66 (11):  2593-2600.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240793 Abstract ( 33 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (5476KB) ( 81 )   In order to explore the effects of animal-derived organic fertilizer on the soil and tea growth and quality of tea plantations, four treatments were set up under the field test conditions of no fertilization (ZY_CK) within one year, compound fertilizer (ZY_FHF), shrimp fertilizer (ZY_XF) and meat fertilizer (ZY_RF), and the yield, quality and soil nutrients of tea were detected and analyzed, and the bacterial community structure of the soil of tea plantation was determined by Illumina Novaseq 6000 high-throughput sequencing technology. The results showed that the application of meat fertilizer could obviously increase the 100-bud weight and yield of tea, which were 11.20 g and 1 884.05 kg·hm-2 higher than those of CK treatment. Compared with CK, fertilization could increase the contents of amino acids, caffeine and tea polyphenols in tea, and the sensory evaluation results showed that meat fertilizer treatment had the best effect. Besides, the application of shrimp fertilizer and meat fertilizer in tea plantations could increase the contents of soil total nitrogen, organic matter and hydrolyzable nitrogen, and improve soil fertility in tea plantations. In terms of bacterial community, the composition of soil bacteria was dominated by Proteobacteria and Actinomycetes, and the total number of soil bacterial opertational taxonomic unit (OTU) was the highest in meat fertilizer treatment, and the alpha diversity of bacterial community was obviously increased, indicating that meat fertilizer application could improve the diversity of soil bacterial community. Overall, the effect of meat fertilizer treatment is more satisfactory. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of potassium fertilizer application rate on potassium accumulation in tobacco plants and soil microbial community XIE Yanfen, HUANG Yue, ZHAO Yuting, ZHANG Yanyan, ZHANG Guohong, FANG Zhipeng, WANG Wenbo, XU Desheng, HAN Jiabao, WANG Na 2025, 66 (11):  2601-2606.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240061 Abstract ( 34 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (3191KB) ( 80 )   To investigate the effects of potassium fertilizer application rate on potassium accumulation in tobacco plants and soil microbial communities, a field experiment was conducted in Qujing City, Yunnan Province. The study examined the response characteristics of potassium accumulation in tobacco plants, soil nutrients, and enzyme activities under different potassium fertilizer application rates, and explored their interactions with the structure of the soil microbial community. The results showed that the potassium fertilizer application rate affected soil nutrient content and potassium accumulation in tobacco plants, leading to changes in the soil microbial community. N2 treatment(total pure potassium application of 421.5 kg·hm-2) resulted in the highest potassium accumulation in tobacco leaves, which was significantly (p<0.05) higher than that of the N3 treatment (total pure potassium application of 538.5 kg·hm-2). N2 treatment enriched potassium-releasing bacterial genera such as Gemmatimonas, Acinetobacter, Bacillus, Nitrospira, and Pseudomonas, which increased the soluble potassium content in the soil and thereby enhanced potassium accumulation in tobacco leaves. This study provides a theoretical basis for the scientific management of soil nutrients and the effective improvement of potassium content in tobacco leaves in Yunnan tobacco-growing areas. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of foliar application of potassium fertilizer on Zhongchuan 208 in the western Panzhihua tobacco-growing area PAN Xuhao, CHEN Zhiliang, CHANG Aixia, GUAN Yu, ZHANG Zongjin, ZHANG Yu, LUO Chenggang, CAI Xianjie, DU Wei, DENG Yuxiang, GENG Ruimei, YAN Ding 2025, 66 (11):  2607-2611.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240238 Abstract ( 25 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1158KB) ( 92 )   To determine the optimal potassium fertilizer application rate for the new flue-cured tobacco variety Zhongchuan 208 in the western Panzhihua tobacco-growing area, this study implemented foliar potassium fertilizer treatments. The effects of potassium application were comprehensively evaluated by comparing the agronomic traits, economic characteristics, chemical components, and sensory quality of tobacco leaves under different treatments. The results showed that one application of potassium fertilizer after the vigorous growth stage effectively alleviated potassium deficiency symptoms in Zhongchuan 208 leaves. At the Panzhihua trial site, treatments with two and three applications of potassium fertilizer resulted in higher yield and output value, while one application led to the most harmonious chemical composition and the best sensory quality of cured tobacco leaves. At the Xichang Daxing base, additional potassium application enhanced plant growth; treatments with two and three applications produced higher yields than those with zero or one application, while one application achieved the highest output value. At the Xichang farmer trial site, potassium application increased tobacco yield, with one application resulting in the highest output value and proportion of high quality tobacco. Overall, across the three trial sites, one application of potassium fertilizer during the vigorous growth stage of Zhongchuan 208 not only effectively alleviated potassium deficiency symptoms but also helped increase output value while maintaining good sensory quality of the cured tobacco leaves. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparison of Setaria italica mutant libraries constructed by different mutagenesis methods SHI Limin, LYU Xuegao, ZHU Zhengmei, ZHANG Feicui, LU Huabing 2025, 66 (11):  2612-2616.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240516 Abstract ( 25 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1177KB) ( 92 )   To compare the effects of different mutagenesis methods on trait variation in Setaria italica mutant library, seeds of the Zhesu 3 variety were treated with either EMS solution or irradiation to construct mutant libraries. The differences between the two mutant libraries were compared, and the genetic stability of mutant progenies was analyzed. The results showed that 212 and 503 mutants were obtained in the M2 generation by EMS and irradiation mutagenesis, with mutation frequencies of 4.41% and 10.02%, respectively. The EMS-induced mutant population exhibited rich variation in ear types, with 13 different types identified, while the irradiation-induced population showed relatively diverse variations in leaf color and leaf shape. Phenotypes such as tall stalk, dwarf, semi-dwarf, wide leaf, semi-curled leaf, narrow leaf, wrinkled leaf, and short leaf (leaf uprightness) could be stably inherited. In contrast, some traits related to leaf color, leaf shape, and plant type might result from physical damage during mutagenesis and could not be stably inherited. Additionally, some ear mutant traits showed segregation or combined to generate new mutant types in subsequent generations. Therefore, establishing a stable mutant library requires continuous multi-generational selection of mutants obtained through mutagenesis, at least until the M3 generation or beyond. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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QTL mapping and analysis of hypocotyl color in Brassica rapa ssp. chinensis HU Jinbin, HAN Nannan, CHEN Qin, WU Xinsheng 2025, 66 (11):  2617-2621.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250358 Abstract ( 28 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (3913KB) ( 87 )   Hypocotyl color is of great significance for the improvement of traits in Brassica rapa ssp. chinensis. The aim of this study was to use bulky segregant analysis sequencing (BSA-seq) technology to preliminarily locate genes related to the regulation of hypocotyl color in Brassica rapa ssp. chinensis. The F2 population was constructed for phenotype analysis using the green hypocotyl germplasm 99-70F (11X) as the female parent and the purple hypocotyl germplasm 99-70M (11Y) as the male parent of Brassica rapa ssp. chinensis. BSA-seq technology was used to preliminarily locate the target gene on chromosome A09, and competitive allele specific PCR (KASP) markers were developed within the quantitative trait locus (QTL) interval. The genotyping results showed that the loci A09:7 694 558 and A09:8 145 013 were highly correlated with the hypocotyl color of the F2 population. This study lay a good foundation for the fine mapping of genes related to the regulation of hypocotyl color and molecular marker-assisted selection breeding of Brassica rapa ssp. chinensis. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of polyethylene microplastics on the growth and contents of antioxidant substances of cherry radish WANG Xiaoming, NIAN Zhijuan, ZHU Jianwen, PEI Huifang, MA Guotai, ZHANG Fenqin, ZENG Xiucun 2025, 66 (11):  2622-2626.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240677 Abstract ( 21 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1704KB) ( 72 )   To investigate the effects of microplastics on the growth and edible quality of cherry radish, this article used root vegetables cherry radishes as test materials to study the effects of different contents and particle sizes of polyethylene microplastics (PE-MPs) on the growth and development of seedlings, root growth, the contents of four antioxidant substances in the edible parts of roots, and the contents of two reactive oxygen. The results showed that the PE-MPs with the particle sizes of 6.5, 48 and 500 μm had no significant effect on the seed germination of cherry radish at low contents (0.5 and 1.0 g·kg-1) (p>0.05), but 0.5 g·kg-1 PE-MPs with the particle sizes of 48 and 500 μm significantly (p<0.05) decreased root vitality. 0.5 g·kg-1 PE-MPs with the particle sizes of 6.5, 48 and 500 μm significantly reduced the contents of the total polyphenol, total flavonoid, ascorbic acid, and glutathione in the edible parts of roots, on the contrary, it significantly increased ${O}_{2}^{-}$ and H2O2 contents. These results indicate that PE-MPs affect the yield and quality of cherry radish, reducing its antioxidant activity. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of two substrate cultivation methods on growth, yield and quality of cherry tomatoes in winter facilities SHAO Zhiyong, WANG Tonglin, NIE Zhixing, GUO Saisai, WANG Hong, ZHENG Jirong 2025, 66 (11):  2627-2631.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240626 Abstract ( 28 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1174KB) ( 74 )   In order to explore the optimal substrate cultivation methods for the production of cherry tomatoes in winter facilities within the Yangtze River Delta region, this study compared the effects of coconut coir bag cultivation and mixed substrate (peat and perlite mixed at the volume ratio of 2∶1) groove cultivation on tomato plant growth, fruit yield, and quality related indicators using three types of cherry tomatoes as materials. The results showed that the maximum leaf length, maximum leaf width and stem diameter of tomato plants cultured in the mixed substrate groove were significantly (p<0.05) higher than those cultivated in coconut coir bag. The single fruit weight and early yield per plant of tomatoes cultured in mixed substrate groove were increased by 27.9% to 44.8% and 26.1% to 44.6%, respectively, compared with those cultivated in coconut coir bag. In terms of fruit quality, sugar content and vitamin C content of tomato fruits cultivated in the mixed substrate groove were increased by 0.50 to 1.30 percentage points and 13.0% to 37.9%, respectively, compared with those cultivated in coconut coir bag. There were no significant differences in fruit number in the first three ears, sugar-acid ratio, lutein content and lycopene content between tomatoes cultivated in two substrate cultivation methods. In conclusion, mixed substrate groove cultivation is more suitable for the production of cherry tomatoes in winter facilities in the Yangtze River Delta region. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of polyaspartic acid-magnesium on growth, yield and quality of spinach DONG Wenhao, MA Jun, BAI Guowei, ZHANG Kuo, FAN Zhanquan, JIAO Yongkang 2025, 66 (11):  2632-2636.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240434 Abstract ( 29 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1469KB) ( 86 )   In order to explore the effects of polyaspartic acid-magnesium (PASP-Mg) on the production of spinach, this study used large-leaf spinach as the experimental material and systematically analyzed the impacts of different application rates (1.50, 2.25, 3.00 kg·hm-2) of PASP-Mg on its growth, yield, quality, and nutrients accumulation. The results indicated that within the tested application rates, PASP-Mg did not exhibit any inhibitory effects on spinach growth. All treatments with PASP-Mg demonstrated significant (p<0.05) yield-increases by 10.20%-11.10%. In terms of quality, the application of PASP-Mg significantly reduced nitrate content in spinach by 9.28%-13.11%, while significantly increased chlorophyll, vitamin C, and soluable protein content by 19.57%-23.91%, 12.32%-17.90%, 14.34%-22.13%, respectively. In terms of nutrients accumulation, the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium were significantly increased by 8.29%-10.35%, 9.53%-18.75% and 8.58%-9.36%, respectively, with PASP-Mg application. Based on the comprehensive analysis of spinach quality and yield and application cost, the optimal application rate of PASP-Mg under the experiment conditions was 2.25 kg·hm-2, which could achieve the goals of increasing yield and improving quality. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Introduction of potato varieties in arid regions of northwest China and their screening experiment YANG Guoquan, JIA Qinlan, WU Lifang, LIU Xuming 2025, 66 (11):  2637-2644.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250430 Abstract ( 25 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1228KB) ( 74 )   To optimize the potato planting structure in arid regions of northwest China and improve yield and quality, this study introduced ten varieties, including Linshu 18, with Tianshu 10 as the control. A randomized block design was adopted for field experiment conducted in Xinyi Village, Tumen Town, Qingshui County, Gansu Province. The agronomic traits, yield, quality, and disease resistance of each variety were systematically evaluated. The results showed that Qingshu 9 and Longshu 17 performed exceptionally well, with yields reaching 3 250 and 3 150 kg per 667 m2, respectively, and dry matter contents of 22.5% and 21.8%, respectively. These two varieties exhibited excellent quality, strong disease resistance, and high adaptability to local climatic and soil conditions, making them highly valuable for promotion. Although Longshuhong 1 had a slightly lower yield, its unique red flesh offered high economic value and market potential. This study provides a scientific basis for potato variety selection and industrial development in arid regions of northwest China. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Progress in breeding of non-heading Chinese cabbage in Zhejiang Province REN Xiliang, GAO Tianyi, HUANG Li, GUO Juling, WANG Jie 2025, 66 (11):  2645-2648.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240680 Abstract ( 32 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1149KB) ( 72 )   This article reviewed the identification of germplasm resources, breeding techniques, molecular biology related gene research, and new variety breeding status of non-heading Chinese cabbage in Zhejiang Province. It analyzed the problems of relatively lagging resource identification and evaluation system, need for improvement in breeding techniques, and lack of heat-resistant varieties in non-heading Chinese cabbage breeding, and proposed the application of polyploidy and gene editing technology to breed high-quality, mechanized, small-plant type upright waisted, heat-resistant cabbage varieties, and carried out commercial breeding. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of different substrate layering ratios on growth and development of asparagus seedling YU Kexin, YANG Xiangxiang, SHI Jianjun, SHI Weiyao, ZHAO Guoliang, ZHANG Xujuan 2025, 66 (11):  2649-2653.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240690 Abstract ( 22 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1912KB) ( 81 )   According to the characteristics of growth and development of asparagus seedlings, the effects of different substrate layering ratios on asparagus seedlings were studied. In this study, 7 treatments were set up on six substrates, such as peat soil, coconut coir, and perlite, and the emergence rate and seedling rate, aboveground and root growth and development indicators, as well as physiological indicators of asparagus seedlings in each treatment were investigated. The results showed that a substrate layering ratio of 1∶3∶2 of pine bark, coconut coir, and peat soil was most beneficial for the growth and development of asparagus seedling roots, while a substrate layering ratio of 1∶3∶2 of perlite, peat soil, and pine bark was most beneficial for the growth and development of aboveground seedling. The emergence rate, and seedling rate with a substrate layering ratio of 1∶3∶2 of perlite, peat soil, and pine bark were the highest, and the effect on root growth and development was second only to the substrate layering ratio of 1∶3∶2 of pine bark, coconut coir, and peat soil. Compared with the conventional composite substrate, the above two substrate layering ratios with both water retention and breathability can significantly promote the development of asparagus seedling roots and realize the purpose of rooting and strengthening seedlings. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Screening experiment of different thick-peel netted melon varieties XU Binghua, HUANG Dayue, GU Yan, ZHANG Chaoyang, CHENG Rui, LIU Xin, SUN Yudong 2025, 66 (11):  2654-2657.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240639 Abstract ( 33 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1154KB) ( 84 )   In order to screen out new varieties of thick-peel netted melon suitable for planting in Jiangsu Province, 14 higher melon varieties were introduced, as well as two self-selected varieties. The growth period, fruit quality and yield were investigated in this study. The results showed that the difference in the whole growth period of various varieties was relatively small, the whole growth period of Suqian 5 and Huamicui was the shortest with 140 d. The fruit development days of Suqian 5, Yuwangtian 616, and Suxiangmi were relatively short, ranging from 42 to 43 days. In terms of fruit quality, centre sugar contents of Sutian 4, Zhongtian 12, 20109, Shuaiguo 580, Suqian 5, Zhongtian 65 and Dumi 5 were higher than 17.00%, showing excellent performance. In terms of yield, Yuwangtian 616 had a maximum single fruit weight of 2.30 kg and the highest 667 m2 yield, followed by 21187, Sutian 4, Zhongtian 65, Suxiangmi, Dumi 5, with a single fruit weight of 1.55-2.06 kg and a higher yield as well. In a comprehensive comparison, nine varieties of Yuwangtian 616, 21187, Sutian 4, Dumi 5, Zhongtian 65, Zhongtian 12, Suxiangmi, Suqian 4, and Shuaiguo 580 were excellent in terms of fruit quality and yield, and were suitable for planting in Jiangsu Province. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of different application methods of silicon fertilizer on root-restricted cultivation of sweet cherry CHEN Linghui, HONG Li, DONG Jun, JIANG Linfang, WANG Yuyang 2025, 66 (11):  2658-2662.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250502 Abstract ( 20 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1167KB) ( 77 )   To explore the effect of silicon fertilizer on root-restricted cultivation of sweet cherry, this experiment explored the effects of three different application methods of silicon fertilizer on leaf structure, photosynthetic characteristics, fruit quality and yield of Hongmi and Brooks sweet cherry in root-restricted containers. Various indicators under three different application methods of silicon fertilizer were comprehensively evaluated to select the optimal silicon fertilizer application scheme. The results showed that silicon fertilizer could effectively improve the leaf structure of sweet cherry, enhance photosynthetic effect, and improve the fruit quality and yield of sweet cherry. Among them, the spraying treatment could more effectively increase the chlorophyll content, nitrogen content, net photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate of leaves. Irrigation treatment was superior to spraying treatment in improving yield per plant of sweet cherry. While the combination of spraying and irrigation treatment had the best comprehensive performance, significantly (p<0.05) improved the single fruit weight, soluble solids content, and yield per plant of sweet cherries. Compared with the control treatment, the single fruit weight increased by more than 16.45%, the soluble solids content increased by more than 1.36 percentage points, and the yield per plant increased by more than 23.80%. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of amino acid organic water-soluble fertilizer on strawberry coloration, yield, and quality LI Tonghua, ZHU Wenguo, LIANG Aixin, WANG Zihao, QIN Yuejun 2025, 66 (11):  2663-2667.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240416 Abstract ( 36 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1640KB) ( 79 )   In order to evaluate the application effect of amino acid organic water-soluble fertilizer, a field experiment was conducted using strawberry as the test material. On the basis of conventional fertilization, the treatment group received root irrigation with 500 mL of amino acid organic water-soluble fertilizer applied as a 500-fold dilution per 667 m2 per application during the growth season (applied 5 times in total during the seedling and flowering-fruiting stages), with an equal volume of water used as the control. The results from two-season strawberry experiment showed that, compared with the control, the application of amino acid organic water-soluble fertilizer promoted strawberry growth, significantly (p<0.05) increased the fruit number per plant of the first inflorescence by 16.7%-23.9%, promoted fruit coloration, and significantly increased the single fruit weight and yield of strawberry by 9.11%-9.88% and 16.13%-21.96%, respectively. In addition, the treatment decreased the score on acid content, thereby improving strawberry taste and flavor. In conclusion, root application of amino acid organic water-soluble fertilizer can effectively improve strawberry growth, promote fruit setting and maturation, increase yield, and enhance fruit quality. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on the effects of rapeseed cake organic fertilizer on soil fertility regulation and tree vigor improvement in facility cultivation bayberry orchards LI Chenhao, KONG Haimin, LI Gang, HAO Yue, REN Haiying, WANG Jing, CHEN Yupei, YAN Jun, LIN Baoyi 2025, 66 (11):  2668-2674.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250400 Abstract ( 40 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1234KB) ( 82 )   This study aims to explore the effects of rapeseed cake organic fertilizer on soil fertility, tree vigor and fruit quality in facility cultivation bayberry orchards, and thereby provide a basis for optimizing soil management and improving economic benefits. A field comparative experiment was conducted, setting up a treatment group applying rapeseed cake organic fertilizer and a group not applying rapeseed cake organic fertilizer (control). The physical and chemical properties of the soil (moisture content, pH value, and contents of organic matter, available phosphorus, available potassium, exchangeable calcium and magnesium contents), tree growth (spring shoot thickness, length) and fruit quality (single fruit weight, and contents of vitamin C, anthocyanin, soluble sugar, titratable acid) of the two groups were determined and analyzed, and the economic benefits were calculated. The results showed that after applying rapeseed cake organic fertilizer, soil fertility was greatly improved, with moisture content increasing by 0.67 percentage points, pH value increasing by 0.40, and organic matter content increased by 46.51%. The contents of available phosphorus and available potassium increased by 43.35%, 95.02% and 192.08% respectively. The contents of exchangeable calcium and magnesium increased by 4.39% and 27.45% respectively. Meanwhile, after applying rapeseed cake organic fertilizer, the tree vigor was enhanced, the thickness of spring shoots increased by 28.05%, and their length increased by 21.64%. After applying rapeseed cake organic fertilizer, the fruit quality was optimized. The single fruit weight increased by 17.21%, the vitamin C content increased by 14.88%, the anthocyanin content increased by 58.12%, the soluble sugar content increased by 21.87%, and the titratable acid content decreased by 9.88%. In addition, after the treatment with rapeseed cake organic fertilizer, the economic benefits of the bayberry orchard increased, with the profit of facility greenhouse bayberries rising by 671 900 yuan·hm-2. This study provides theoretical support and technical paradigms for soil improvement and sustainable production of facility bayberries. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on current situation and countermeasure of facility vegetable production in Yuyao City ZHENG Qixiang, ZHENG Huazhang 2025, 66 (11):  2675-2679.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240693 Abstract ( 34 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF (3522KB) ( 93 )   Yuyao City, located in the southern wing of the Yangtze River Delta, is one of the 580 key counties in the vegetable industry nationwide. The development of facility vegetable in Yuyao City commenced in the early 1990s, and the current base covers approximately 333.33 hm2, playing a pivotal role in ensuring the effective supply of agricultural products and promoting farmers' income. However, there are shortcomings in terms of facility level and application of new technologies, which have affected the improvement of output efficiency. By integrating questionnaires with field visits, this paper briefly outlined the current production status of facility vegetables in Yuyao City, encompassing regional distribution, production scale and mode, facility levels, practitioner literacy, and dominant vegetable species. It further analyzed the existing issues and proposed countermeasures, aiming to provide references for promoting the high-quality development of facility vegetable in Yuyao City. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect on seed germination and seedling growth of soaking seeds with diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate in Cynanchum bungei Decne. WU Chengdong, SHEN Mingchen, ZHANG Ming, YAN Kaixuan, ZHU Li, CHEN Lei 2025, 66 (11):  2680-2684.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250578 Abstract ( 28 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1181KB) ( 73 )   Cynanchum bungei Decne. is a characteristic medicinal and edible crop in Binhai County, Jiangsu Province, which is of great significance to the development of local agricultural economy. This study systematically investigated the mechanism of the plant growth regulator diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate (DA-6) on seed germination and seedling growth of Cynanchum bungei. The results indicated that seed soaking with DA-6 significantly (p<0.05) enhanced germination rate, germination energy, germination index, and vigor index, while also promoting seedling height, stem diameter, root length, and fresh weight. Physiological analyses revealed that DA-6 effectively increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT), and reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) content. It is noteworthy that the seed soaking treatment with DA-6 at a concentration of 15 mg·L-1 demonstrated the optimal effect, with all indicators significantly better than those of the control group. The comprehensive analysis revealed that DA-6 may promote the growth and development of Cynanchum bungei by regulating the antioxidant system and reducing membrane lipid peroxidation damage, which provides a theoretical basis for the efficient cultivation of Cynanchum bungei. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Determination of 6 pesticde residues in Dendrobium officinale by HPLC-MS/MS combined with QuEChERS LANG Wenjun, XU Xiaoying, LIANG Jingjing 2025, 66 (11):  2685-2690.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240655 Abstract ( 35 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (2430KB) ( 115 )   To establish a detection method for six pesticide residues in Dendrobium officinale, including difenoconazole, prochloraz, dimethomorph, imidacloprid, quinolinone, and thifluzamide, the samples were extracted with acetonitrile, purified by QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, safe), and analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). The results showed that 6 kinds of pesticide residues showed a good linear relationship within the corresponding mass concentration range, with a correlation coefficient of r>0.990 0. The spike recovery rates were 72.7%-110.7% at 1, 2, 5 times quantitation limits, and the relative standard deviations (RSD) ranged from 2.3%-4.1%. The detection limits of imidacloprid and quinolinone were 10 μg·kg-1, and the detection limits of the other 4 kinds of pesticide residues were 1 μg·kg-1. The established method is accurate and stable, with small matrix interference and high sensitivity, which provides technical support for the safety detection and quality control of pesticide residues in Dendrobium officinale. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Afforestation experiment of aquatic forests in typical wetlands of plain river networks WU Xiaoling, WU Xiaoshuang, YUAN Wenwen, WANG Dongliang, SHEN Xuyue, ZHOU Yi, JIANG Jianxiang, GU Shenhua 2025, 66 (11):  2691-2695.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240658 Abstract ( 35 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1165KB) ( 77 )   To study the construction techniques of aquatic forest, three typical wetland types commonly found in plain river network areas, including small rivers, shallow lakes, and aquaculture ponds restored to wetlands, were selected for this study. Based on dry water level, normal water level, and flood water level, the viewing periods of aquatic forest landscapes under different environmental conditions were defined. Various micro-topographic modifications were implemented, and water level regulation measures were established. Afforestation demonstrations were carried out using seven arbor species, including Nyssa aquatica, Taxodiomeria peizhongii, Taxodium ascendens, Taxodium distichum, Taxodium mucronatum, Taxodium Zhongshanshan, Metasequoia glyptostroboides, and three shrub species: Ligustrum sinense, Buddleja lindleyana, and Ardisia japonica. The results showed that the survival rate of arbor species in the demonstration forests reached 93% or higher, and shrubs and ground cover plants above the normal water level grew well. This study preliminarily identified afforestation techniques and early growth patterns of forest stands in different wetland types within plain river network areas, providing valuable technical references for large-scale aquatic forest construction in the Hangjiahu Plain. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Dynamic effects of different concentrations of magnesium on the photosynthetic characteristics and antioxidant activity of new leaves in Cunninghamia lanceolata ZHANG Xiao, WANG Fenglin, CAO Guangqiu, YE Yiquan 2025, 66 (11):  2696-2701.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240659 Abstract ( 19 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (1327KB) ( 80 )   To investigate the effects of magnesium on the growth of Cunninghamia lanceolata, this study used one-year Cunninghamia lanceolata as test materials and designed three magnesium concentration nutrient solutions, Mg0 (0 mmol·L-1), Mg1 (1 mmol·L-1), and Mg3 (3 mmol·L-1). The dynamic effects of different concentrations of magnesium on the photosynthetic pigment content, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, catalase (CAT) activity, and peroxidase (POD) activity in newly formed leaves of Cunninghamia lanceolata were analyzed. The results showed that the content of photosynthetic pigments in new leaves of Cunninghamia lanceolata seedlings under Mg1 and Mg3 treatment was significantly (p<0.05) higher than that under Mg0 treatment on 60 and 90 days of growth. The chlorophyll fluorescence parameters under Mg1 or Mg3 treatment were significantly higher than those under Mg0 treatment on 60 and 120 days of growth. On 120 days of growth, POD and CAT activities were significantly higher under Mg1 and Mg3 treatment than that under Mg0 treatment, and MDA content was significantly lower than that under Mg0 treatment. Therefore, 1 mmol·L-1 may be the critical point for magnesium to promote effective growth of new leaves of Cunninghamia lanceolata. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Occurrence characteristics, causes and control suggestions of migratory rice pests in Chun'an County from 2022 to 2024 HONG Junxiang, TANG Ning'an, FANG Huaping, WANG Hao, FU Li, HU Mengxi, YU Xueming 2025, 66 (11):  2702-2707.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250051 Abstract ( 45 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF (1488KB) ( 90 )   The migratory rice pests Nilaparvata lugens, Sogatella furcifera, and Cnaphalocrocis medinalis in Chun'an County occurred at a moderate to high level over multiple years. If not controlled in time, it will seriously affect rice production. Based on the principle of “prevention-first, integrated control”, this study summarized the occurrence characteristics and causes of migratory rice pests in Chun'an County from 2022 to 2024 through field system investigation methods, and put forward corresponding control suggestions. Results demonstrated that rice planthopper (N. lugens and S. furcifera) and C. medinalis infestations reached moderate levels countywide during 2022-2024, with localized severe outbreaks. Besides, the local area has achieved remarkable results in the control of migratory rice pests by combining chemical control with aerial spraying technology, with the controlled area accounting for 96% of the total annual rice planting area. In summary, the occurrence degree of migratory rice pests was influenced by multiple factors such as the current status of local rice cultivation, meteorological conditions, pest resistance, and aerial spraying techniques. Further analysis should be conducted in combination with the data. In addition, in terms of the selection of prevention and control measures, it is suggested to promote the use of plant protection drones to control pests and diseases, and adopt green prevention and control measures such as agricultural, physical and biological ones to replace the use of chemical pesticides, protect the ecological environment, and establish a long-term mechanism for the prevention and control of migratory rice pests. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on the occurrence symptoms and control techniques of watermelon leaf spot disease JIANG Yuliang, WU Jun, WANG Hanrong 2025, 66 (11):  2708-2711.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240405 Abstract ( 26 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (3240KB) ( 81 )   This study investigated the field occurrence symptoms of watermelon leaf spot disease, isolated and identified its pathogenic fungus, and further evaluated the field control efficacy of 10% difenoconazole water dispersible granules, 500 g·L-1 iprodione suspension, 250 g·L-1 azoxystrobin suspension, 250 g·L-1 pyraclostrobin emulsifiable concentrate and 25% prochloraz·carbendazim wettable powder through field efficacy trials. The results showed that the pathogenic fungus of watermelon leaf spot disease was Cercospora citrullina. And the field efficacy trials result showed that 500 g·L-1 iprodione suspension, 10% difenoconazole water dispersible granules, and 25% prochloraz·carbendazim wettable powder could effectively controll watermelon leaf spot disease, with control efficacy of 85.4%, 82.0%, and 76.4%, respectively. These fungicides were also safe to watermelon, providing valuable reference for the field control of watermelon leaf spot disease. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Current status, prevention and control technology prospects of bacterial wilt disease of alpine tomato XU Mingfei, CHEN Liping, GAO Anzhong, CHEN Jianfeng, ZHOU Qianqian 2025, 66 (11):  2712-2718.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240594 Abstract ( 23 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (4666KB) ( 86 )   Bacterial wilt disease is one of the top ten important plant bacterial diseases in the world, with a wide distribution range, strong parasitic ability, high harm, and difficult to control. The production of alpine tomato in Zhejiang Province spans the summer, and the high temperature weather has led to the increase in the incidence rate and degree of bacterial wilt disease of alpine tomato. This article provided an overview of the current status and prevention and control technologies of bacterial wilt disease in alpine tomato. Based on the author's years of experience in the production of alpine tomato, the article focused on proposing methods for disinfecting irrigation water and cutting off the transmission of bacterial wilt disease by water. The article also adjusted the interval of pesticide prevention and control according to different temperatures, in order to provide reference for prevention and control of bacterial wilt disease in alpine tomato. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of first refeeding after starvation on energy substances of Onychostoma sima LI Zhengyi, XU Fei, LIU Hong, HUANG Yingying, CHEN Chunna 2025, 66 (11):  2719-2723.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240643 Abstract ( 19 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1470KB) ( 71 )   To investigate the effect of first refeeding after starvation on energy substances of Onychostoma sima, control group (continuous feeding for 14 days), starvation group (continuous starvation for 14 days), and re-feeding group (continuous starvation for 13 days and then feeding for 1 day) were set up, and blood glucose, serum protein, triglycerides, cholesterol, hepatic glycogen, and hepatic fat content were measured at the end of the experiment. The results showed that the contents of blood glucose, serum protein, and triglycerides of Onychostoma sima significantly decreased after 14 days of starvation compared with control group(p<0.05). After the first refeeding following starvation, these three indicators were basically restored, and there was no significant difference in cholesterol content between different groups. Hepatic analysis showed that the starvation group consumed a large amount of hepatic glycogen, while the re-feeding group partially recovered its hepatic glycogen content, with significant differences compared with control group. There was no significant difference in hepatic fat content between the re-feeding group and the starvation group. In summary, starvation for 14 days did not have adverse effects on the growth and development of Onychostoma sima, which could quickly recover their metabolism after the first refeeding based on their nutritional status. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Potential distribution predition of Pomacea canaliculata in Zhejiang Province of China based on MaxEnt model WU Yanfen, QIU Guoqiang, QIAO Yu, PAN Deshou, SHI Jian, GAO Bailong, CHEN Yijie 2025, 66 (11):  2724-2731.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240413 Abstract ( 19 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (4750KB) ( 67 )   Pomacea canaliculata is an important invasive alien species in China, posing a serious threat to the safety of wetland ecosystems. To effectively monitor and control P. canaliculata, this study utilized its current geographical distribution data in Zhejiang Province. Using the MaxEnt modle and ArcGIS software, we predicted its potential suitable habitats and analyzed the main environmental factors affecting its distribution by incorporating climate, elevation, and other variables. The results showed that the MaxEnt model performed well in predicting the geographical distribution of P. canaliculata in Zhejiang Province. The potentially suitable habitats were primarily located in the northern Zhejiang Plain, the Eastern Coastal Plain, and the Jinqu Basin, with an overall distribution pattern that was dense in the north and sparse in the central and southern regions. The key environmental factors influencing the distribution of P. canaliculata in Zhejiang Province were altitude, mean temperature of the wettest quarter, maximum temperature of the warmest month, mean temperature of the driest quarter, and precipitation of the driest quarter. The findings of this study can provide a theoretical basis for the monitoring, early warning, quarantine, and control of P. canaliculata in Zhejiang Province. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Production and processing technology of ripe Eriobotrya japonica honey from Apis cerana cerana HUANG Zhichu, CHEN Daoyin, ZHOU Peng, CHEN Lin, ZHAO Dongxu, NI Weicheng, LUO Guhui, SU Xiaoling 2025, 66 (11):  2732-2737.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250027 Abstract ( 22 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1210KB) ( 87 )   This study aims to explore effective methods for enhancing honey maturity, optimize post-ripening processes, and improve honey quality by analyzing the production and processing of Eriobotrya japonica honey from Apis cerana cerana. During the Eriobotrya japonica flowering period, mature honey production was produced using both Langstroth hives and shallow boxes. The capped honeycomb frames harvested from the shallow boxes were subjected to dehumidification treatments under various conditions using a heat pump dryer, with the results compared with drying room dehumidification treatment. Honey quality was evaluated by measuring changes in several conventional physicochemical indicators, including moisture content, acidity amylase activity, contents of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF), glucose, fructose, sucrose. The result showed that honey from shallow boxes exhibited significantly (p<0.05) lower moisture content compared with that from Langstroth hives. A comparison of honey quality under four different heat pump drying conditions revealed that higher temperatures and longer durations resulted in greater honey maturity but also promoted the formation of 5-HMF and reduced amylase activity. Membership function analysis identified that the optimal honey quality was achieved under treatment at 35 ℃ for 48 h. Under this condition, both drying room dehumidification and heat pump drying significantly reduced the honey's moisture content. Fructose content significantly increased after heat pump drying, while no significant changes were observed in 5-HMF content or amylase activity. In conclusion, honey produced in shallow boxes is of higher quality than that produced in Langstroth hives. Both drying room dehumidification and heat pump drying can significantly improve the physicochemical properties of honey, enhancing its overall quality. Among these, the heat pump treatment at 35 ℃ for 48 h proved to be the most effective. This study provides essential data and scientific evidence for honey production and quality enhancement, contributing to the sustainable development of the beekeeping industry. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Yield estimation and feed value evaluation of vegetable soybean by-products WANG Haiqing, SHAN Huili, SUN Fuxiang, LI Guoxiang, FU Xujun, JIANG Junfang, JIANG Yongqing 2025, 66 (11):  2738-2740.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240726 Abstract ( 22 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1115KB) ( 82 )   To evaluate the yield and nutritional value of vegetable soybean by-products, this experiment used the vegetable soybean variety Zhexian 9 as material. The above-ground parts of the plant were separated and weighed, and the main nutritional components of the straw and pod hulls were determined to comprehensively assess their feeding value. The results showed that the proportions of straw, pod hulls, and grains of Zhexian 9 accounted for 32.40%, 34.38%, and 33.22% of the whole plant mass, respectively. The contents of moisture, crude protein, crude fat, acid detergent fiber, neutral detergent fiber, crude ash, calcium, and total phosphorus in the straw were 73.06%, 12.33%, 2.19%, 38.30%, 46.60%, 9.30%, 2.63%, and 0.19%, respectively. The corresponding components in the pod hulls were 80.49%, 8.82%, 1.08%, 40.30%, 52.40%, 6.20%, 0.60%, and 0.18%, respectively. Overall, the nutritional value of the straw was higher than that of the pod hulls, particularly in terms of calcium content. This study provides a basis for estimating the yield of vegetable soybean by-products and evaluating their feeding value. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Impact of harvest period on rice quality under the melon-rice upland-paddy rotation model ZHANG Yu, LI Gang, ZHANG Qiuli, SONG Anyi, ZHANG Wenxian 2025, 66 (11):  2741-2745.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240631 Abstract ( 22 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1167KB) ( 81 )   This study adopted a field comparative experiment, using four varieties, namely Guangmingjing 7, Ningxiangjing 9, Nanjing 9108 and Songzaoxiang 1, as materials. Six different harvest periods were set up for treatment to explore the impact of the harvest period on the rice quality of different rice varieties under the melon-rice rotation model. The results showed that the harvest period obviously affected the rice quality of different rice varieties. Among them, Guangmingjing 7 and Nanjing 9108 can achieve the best rice quality when harvested from October 15th to 20th, Ningxiangjing 9 can achieve the best rice quality when harvested from October 20th to 25th, and the control variety Songzaoxiang 1 can achieve the best rice quality when harvested from October 10th to 15th. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of safety indicators and basic nutritional quality in 167 batches of Agrocybe aegerita ZHU Jiahong 2025, 66 (11):  2746-2750.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250316 Abstract ( 25 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1181KB) ( 88 )   To investigate pesticide residues, heavy metals content, and nutritional indicators in Agrocybe aegerita, systematic analysis and determination were conducted on the safety indicators and basic nutritional quality of 167 batches of dry samples and fresh samples of Agrocybe aegerita from different origins. The results showed that a total of 41 pesticide residues were detected in Agrocybe aegerita samples, including three banned pesticides. Sulfur dioxide contents in all samples did not exceed the maximum residue limit. Cadmium pollution was widespread in the tested samples, but the cadmium content in the experimental samples did not exceed the maximum residue limit. Except for protein, there were no significant differences in moisture, polysaccharides, crude fat and ash content among dry samples of Agrocybe aegerita from different origins; 16 amino acids, including 7 essential amino acids, were detected in all Agrocybe aegerita samples, and there were certain differences in amino acid contents of Agrocybe aegerita from different origins. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study progress on plant-derived biochar for the removal and detection of pesticide residues FANG Dan, XU Shuangjiao, TIAN Xinquan, WU Yunjing, WEI Xi, MA Lei 2025, 66 (11):  2751-2758.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240807 Abstract ( 36 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1248KB) ( 79 )   The misuse and overuse of pesticides have seriously contaminated agricultural soils and water bodies, affecting crop yields and posing a threat to human and animal health. This situation has aroused global concern about the environmental pollution of pesticides. Therefore, how to remove pesticide residues from the environment and quickly and accurately detect pesticides and their metabolites has become a hot topic of concern and research for scientists. Plant-derived biochar is characterized by wide source, renewable and low price, which is a cheap and efficient adsorbent with the advantages of large specific surface area, high pore volume, adjustable surface functional groups, and good environmental compatibility. This paper has reviewed the applications of plant-derived biochar in pesticide residue detection in the past 10 years. By analyzing the physicochemical properties of different plant-derived biochar, researchers explored their ability to adsorb and remove pesticide residues from the environment. The H3PO4-modified biochar can be used as a slow-release carrier for fertilizers while adsorbing pesticide residues in agricultural fields. In addition, plant-derived biochar can be used as an adsorbent for dispersed solid-phase extraction (SPE), solid-phase microextraction (SPME) and magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) to selectively adsorb 49 trace pesticides in vegetables, neonicotinoid pesticides in traditional Chinese medicines, and organochlorine pesticides in fruit juices. This paper also evaluated the effectiveness of plant-derived biochar as a solid-phase extraction material in sample pretreatment and put forward future research directions. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Evaluation of soil heavy metal pollution characteristics and potential ecological risks in different vegetable production areas SHEN Qunchao, WENG Ying, GAO Danna, JIANG Kaijie 2025, 66 (11):  2759-2763.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20241005 Abstract ( 25 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1177KB) ( 80 )   To analyze the characteristics of heavy metal contamination and potential ecological risks in soils across different vegetable production areas, this study categorized vegetable production areas into four types based on the impacts of industry, transportation, and urbanization on the quality and safety of agricultural products: general agricultural areas, peri-urban agricultural areas, areas alongside highways, and areas near industrial zones. Representative soil samples were collected from these four categories to compare the content of eight heavy metal elements, including lead, chromium, cadmium, copper, mercury, arsenic, zinc, and nickel. The results showed that vegetable production areas near industrial zones were the most affected, followed by peri-urban agricultural areas, areas alongside highways, while general agricultural areas were the least affected. The lead content was the highest on both sides of the highway, cadmium, chromium, copper, arsenic, and nickel contents were the highest near industrial areas, and mercury and zinc contents were the highest in the suburbs of cities. The potential ecological risk assessment results indicated that all four types of vegetable production areas were in a state of slight accumulation, with the order of accumulation status being areas near industrial zones>peri-urban agricultural areas>areas alongside highways>general agricultural areas. In addition, cadmium in all four types of areas reached moderate accumulation, while the other seven elements were slightly accumulated. However, each area still meets the requirements for green food production. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of tree species on soil microbial diversity in Strobilanthes sarcorrhiza understory intercropping system CHENG Yufang, WU Jiang, WANG Ping, WANG Yin, NI Haizhi, YAN Bangguo, CHEN Fangyong 2025, 66 (11):  2764-2771.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240425 Abstract ( 34 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (6637KB) ( 82 )   This study investigated the soil of Strobilanthes sarcorrhiza interplanted with different tree species in Huangyan District, Taizhou City, Zhejiang Province. The differences in available trace elements under various interplanting patterns were analyzed, and high-throughput sequencing was employed to examine the effects of different interplanting combinations on the soil microbial community structure. The results showed that in the loquat forest, interplanting with S. sarcorrhiza led to a significant increase (p<0.05) in soil available iron content from 79.83 mg·kg-1 to 155.33 mg·kg-1 with increasing planting years, while the available zinc content significantly decreased from 5.57 mg·kg-1 to 3.90 mg·kg-1. Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) and non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) indicated structural differences in the soil microbial communities among different interplanting combinations, demonstrating that interplanting patterns can alter microbial composition. Correlation analysis further revealed significant relationships between the relative abundance of specific soil microorganisms and the content of available trace elements. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of rotating different crops with cigar tobacco on the rhizosphere soil bacterial community FANG Bao, HE Guoyou, SHEN Junru, TANG Xubing, REN Longhui, ZHEN Anzhong, LAN Yufeng, KONG Chuisi 2025, 66 (11):  2772-2778.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240158 Abstract ( 24 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (3624KB) ( 80 )   To investigate the effects of rotating different crops with cigar tobacco on the structure and function of the rhizosphere soil bacterial community, and to further optimize the green cultivation model of cigar tobacco, this study utilized high-throughput sequencing technology to analyze the characteristics of the rhizosphere soil bacterial community under four treatments: continuous cropping of cigar tobacco (C1), cigar tobacco-marigold rotation (C2), cigar tobacco-maize rotation (C3), and cigar tobacco-rice rotation (C4). The results showed that compared with the C1 treatment, the C2 and C4 treatments significantly (p<0.05) increased the richness of the rhizosphere soil bacterial community, while the C3 treatment significantly decreased it. The dominant bacterial phylum were consistent across all treatments, primarily including Proteobacteria, Actinobacteriota, Gemmatimonadota, and Acidobacteriota. Principal component analysis (PCA) and non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) revealed that the bacterial community structures of the C1 and C2 treatments were more similar. In terms of function, the relative abundance of phototrophy, photoautotrophy and oxygenic photoautotrophy functions were generally lower in the rotation treatments (C2, C3, C4) than in C1, while the relative abundances of chemoheterotrophy and aerobic chemoheterotrophy were higher. In conclusion, rotating cigar tobacco with marigold or rice may alleviate continuous cropping obstacles by enhancing rhizosphere soil bacterial richness, enriching beneficial bacterial communities, and improving organic matter degradation capacity. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Distribution and variation characteristics of plankton community in drinking water reservoirs HE Wenfang, LI Ming, TIAN Lei, HUANG Fuyong, LIANG Xiao, TANG Jinyu 2025, 66 (11):  2779-2785.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250542 Abstract ( 32 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1215KB) ( 75 )   The species composition and biodiversity of phytoplankton and zooplankton across two seasons (wet and dry periods) and 4 drinking water reservoirs (Tongjiqiao Reservoir, Andi Reservoir, Shafan Reservoir, and Jinlan Reservoir) were investigated to provide a scientific basis for aquatic ecological health and fishery management in Jinhua City. 57 phytoplankton species belonging to 24 families and 7 phyla were identified, with green algae and diatoms being predominant. Zooplankton comprised 19 species across 4 major taxa, dominated by cladocerans and copepods. The abundance and biomass of phytoplankton ranged from 0.215×105 to 19.267×105 cell·L-1 and 0.826×10-2 to 36.312×10-2 mg·L-1, respectively, while those of zooplankton ranged from 0.25 to 38.25 ind·L-1 and 0.018×10-3 to 544.875×10-3 mg·L-1, respectively. Both phytoplankton and zooplankton exhibited seasonal fluctuations in abundance and biomass, which were closely associated with the distinct seasonal variations within the reservoirs. The Shannon-Weaver diversity index, Pielou evenness index, and Margalef richness index of phytoplankton were significantly (p<0.05) different across seasons and reservoirs, while the inverse results were found in zooplankton. Our findings further indicated that the proportion of Cyanobacteria in Tongjiqiao Reservoir was notably high, raising concerns about the potential risk of cyanobacterial blooms. Moreover, the relatively low abundance and biomass of plankton across all reservoirs may be attributed to intense grazing pressure exerted by silver carp and bighead carp. Hence, it is recommended that a reasonable harvesting of silver carp and bighead carp will help to maintain the safety of drinking water quality. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on the integrated development model and path of agriculture, culture and tourism in suburban rural areas: a case study of Yiwu City JIE Ruoyi, HU Bao 2025, 66 (11):  2786-2795.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240976 Abstract ( 24 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF (1997KB) ( 71 )   The development of the integrated industry of agriculture, culture and tourism is an important way for China to achieve rural revitalization. As a special rural form most affected by urbanization, the “integration of culture and tourism with agriculture” is the “optimal solution” for suburban villages. During the “Thousand-village Demonstration and Ten-thousand-village Improvement Project” construction period in Zhejiang Province, a large number of demonstration villages featuring the integration of agriculture, culture and tourism emerged. Among them, Yiwu City achieved remarkable results. Taking Yiwu as an example to study the development model and path of the integration of agriculture, culture and tourism in suburban rural areas is of great significance. Based on the interpretation of the connotations of suburban villages and the integration of agriculture, culture and tourism, this article takes Lizu Village, Longxi Village, Gangyao Village and Hesilu Village as case studies, and refines four major models: the “attracting phoenixes to build nests for mass innovation” type, the “geese flying together for common prosperity” type, the “high-capacity platform support” type and the “leading goose poineering” type. It also designs an optimized path of “exploring characteristics-subject participation-technology integration-group coexistence”. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of digital village development on unleashing the consumption potential of rural residents ZHOU Shuning, PAN Weiguang 2025, 66 (11):  2796-2801.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240557 Abstract ( 24 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (1303KB) ( 76 )   Rural consumption market has a broad space and great potential, and digital village development brings more convenience to rural residents, which can stimulate the consumption potential of rural residents to a large extent. Using provincial panel data from 2011 to 2020 in China, this article calculated the comprehensive evaluation index of digital village development level and comprehensive evaluation index of consumption potential of rural residents through the entropy method, and analyzed the effect of digital village development on unleashing the consumption potential of rural residents. The results showed that digital village development showed a significant positive effect on unleashing the consumption potential of rural residents, and there was regional heterogeneity and educational level heterogeneity. Therefore, digital village should be realized to unleash the consumption potential of rural residents by promoting digital village development, promoting regional coordinated development and improving the rural consumption environment. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Current situation and development strategy of the economic aquatic plant industry in Jiangxi Province XIAO He, CAI Junhuo, ZHU Ziwei, LIAO Wei, ZHONG Wenjun 2025, 66 (11):  2802-2808.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250037 Abstract ( 21 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (2684KB) ( 206 )   Jiangxi Province has superior ecological resource conditions, abundant species of aquatic plants, and enormous potential for the development of the economic aquatic plant industry. This study analyzed the current situation and identified the problems that constrained the sustainable development of the economic aquatic plant industry in Jiangxi Province. The main issues included the scattered development pattern of the aquatic plant industry, insufficient characteristic varieties and degradation of germplasm resources, laged brand building, short industrial chain, low level of industrial mechanization, and backward production technology. Based on the current situation and problem analysis, this study proposed development countermeasures such as optimizing the industrial layout, strengthening the protection and utilization of germplasm resources, enhancing brand creation, extending the industrial chain, improving the level of industrial mechanization, and enhancing production technology, in order to provide theoretical basis for the high-quality development of the economic aquatic plant industry in Jiangxi Province. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Price fluctuation characteristics of Zizania latifolia based on ARCH model ZHAO Jinshuo, WANG Zhe, ZHAO Banghong, WANG Xiaoyan 2025, 66 (11):  2809-2816.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240540 Abstract ( 29 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (1909KB) ( 70 )   As a kind of premium aquatic vegetable, the study on price fluctuation of Zizania latifolia is of great importance for grasping the market price rule and increasing farmers' income. In this paper, the ARCH model was used to analyze the price fluctuation characteristics of Zizania latifolia in China from 2014 to 2023. The results showed that the price of Zizania latifolia had significant fluctuation and clustering. As a small farm product, Zizania latifolia had the characteristics of “high risk and high return, low risk and low return”. There was a leverage effect in the price information of Zizania latifolia in China, and the effect was asymmetrical. According to this, it is proposed to improve the mechanization level and reduce the production cost, strengthen brand building, enhance product competitiveness, prolong the market cycle and improve the ability of anti-risk, in order to promote the healthy development of Zizania latifolia industry. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics