浙江农业科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 65 ›› Issue (3): 574-582.DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230207

• 果树与蔬菜 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同施肥方案对室内种植番茄生长发育及果实品质的影响

文点点(), 王宁, 章雨珠, 童芳, 端金慧, 王源秀*(), 杨璐*()   

  1. 安徽师范大学 生命科学学院,安徽 芜湖 241000
  • 收稿日期:2023-03-03 出版日期:2024-03-11 发布日期:2024-04-08
  • 通讯作者: 杨璐(1989—),女,安徽宣城人,讲师,博士,主要从事植物基因工程及蔬菜栽培研究工作,E-mail:yanglu@ahnu.edu.cn;王源秀(1976—),女,山东高密人,高级实验师,博士,研究方向为生物化学和分子生物学,E-mail:wangyx@mail.ahnu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:文点点(2000—),女,广西钦州人,在读本科生,研究方向为植物生理学,E-mail:wendiandian@ahnu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    霍英东青年教师基金项目(171022);安徽省自然科学基金项目(2008085QC129);大学生创新创业训练项目(202110370080)

Effects of different fertilization schemes on the growth, development, and fruit quality of indoor planted tomatoes

WEN Diandian(), WANG Ning, ZHANG Yuzhu, TONG Fang, DUAN Jinhui, WANG Yuanxiu*(), YANG Lu*()   

  1. College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000,Anhui
  • Received:2023-03-03 Online:2024-03-11 Published:2024-04-08

摘要:

为探究不同施肥方案对室内种植番茄生长发育及果实品质的影响,以野生型番茄Micro Tom为研究对象,在整个生长周期进行8种不同的施肥处理。具体包括根部浇灌清水(CK)、叶面喷施营养液(T1)、叶面喷施磷肥(T2)、根部施小颗粒肥料(T3)、叶面喷施营养液+磷肥(T4)、叶面喷施营养液+根部施小颗粒肥料(T5)、叶面喷施磷肥+根部施小颗粒肥料(T6)、叶面喷施营养液+叶面喷施磷肥+根部施小颗粒肥料(T7)。结果显示,与对照组相比,T3、T5和T6能明显促进番茄株高、茎粗和第二侧枝的生长;T3、T7处理能促进叶绿素的合成;T5处理能对番茄开花、果实大小及种子数起到明显的促进作用;T3处理能明显提升番茄结果数;T3与T7的可溶性糖含量均高于T5与T6;T5与T6的维生素C含量均高于T3与T7。综上表明,只施小颗粒、施营养液+小颗粒、施磷肥+小颗粒、施营养液+磷肥+小颗粒均能明显促进番茄的生长、产量和品质提升,其中只施小颗粒的施肥方案比其他处理组所花的成本更少,且能减轻肥料对环境的危害,是最佳施肥方案。

关键词: 番茄, 施肥方案, 生长发育, 品质

Abstract:

To investigate the effects of different fertilization schemes on the growth, development, and fruit quality of indoor planted tomatoes, wild-type tomato Micro Tom was used as the research object, and 8 different fertilization treatments were applied throughout the entire growth cycle. Specifically, it includes root irrigation with clean water (CK), foliar spraying with nutrient solution (T1), foliar spraying with phosphorus fertilizer (T2), foliar spraying with small particle fertilizer (T3), foliar spraying with nutrient solution+phosphorus fertilizer (T4), foliar spraying with nutrient solution+root spraying with small particle fertilizer (T5), foliar spraying with phosphorus fertilizer+root spraying with small particle fertilizer (T6), foliar spraying with nutrient solution+foliar spraying with phosphorus fertilizer+root spraying with small particle fertilizer (T7). The results showed that compared with the control group, T3, T5, and T6 could significantly promote the growth of tomato plant height, stem diameter, and second lateral branch; T3 and T7 treatments can promote the synthesis of chlorophyll; T5 treatment can significantly promote tomato flowering, fruit size, and seed number; T3 treatment can significantly increase the number of tomato fruits; The soluble sugar content of T3 and T7 was higher than that of T5 and T6; The vitamin C content of T5 and T6 was higher than that of T3 and T7. In summary, applying only small particles, nutrient solution+small particles, phosphorus fertilizer+small particles, and nutrient solution+phosphorus fertilizer+small particles can significantly promote the growth, yield, and quality of tomatoes. Among them, the fertilization scheme that only applies small particles costs less than other treatment groups, and can reduce the harm of fertilizer to the environment, making it the best fertilization scheme.

Key words: tomato, fertilization scheme, growth and development, quality

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