湖羊腹泻致病性大肠埃希菌的分离鉴定与耐药性分析

doi:10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240802

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为明确某湖羊养殖场腹泻羊群中致病性大肠埃希菌的感染情况、毒力基因携带特征和耐药性，本研究通过细菌分离鉴定、毒力基因检测和药敏试验等方法对腹泻羊群的肛拭子样品进行检测。结果显示，从80份样品中分离到59株肠内致病性大肠埃希菌，其中：44株为肠致病性大肠埃希菌（EPEC），占74.58%；9株为产肠毒素性大肠埃希菌（ETEC），占15.25%；4株为产志贺毒素大肠埃希菌（STEC），占6.78%；2株为ETEC/STEC杂合菌株，占3.39%。随机选取38株致病菌进行药敏试验，结果表明，菌株对21种常见抗生素的耐药率为7.89%～100.00%。其中，对青霉素、红霉素的耐药率高达100.00%；而对头孢噻呋和氟苯尼考等相对敏感，其耐药率分别为7.89%和13.16%。检出多重耐药菌株18株，占供试菌株的47.37%。综上所述，该养殖场临床流行的羊源腹泻致病性大肠埃希菌以EPEC为主，菌株耐药性普遍且耐药性强。本试验结果可为该养殖场制定合理用药和疫病防控方案提供科学依据，为湖羊细菌性腹泻的科学诊断和精准治疗奠定了基础。

关键词: 湖羊, 肠内致病性大肠埃希菌, 分离鉴定, 耐药性

Abstract:

In order to analyze the infection status，virulence gene profiles，and antimicrobial resistance of pathogenic Escherichia coli in diarrhea sheep from a Hu sheep farm，this study conducted bacterial isolation and identification，virulence gene detection and drug susceptibility testing on anal swab samples collected from the affected flock. The results showed that 59 strains of intestinal E. coli were isolated from 80 samples.Among these，44 strains were enteropathogenic E. coli（EPEC），accounting for 74.58% of the isolates；9 strains were enterotoxigenic E. coli（ETEC），accounting for 15.25%；4 strains were Shiga toxin-producing E. coli（STEC），accounting for 6.78%；2 strains were ETEC/STEC hybrids，accounting for 3.39%. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of 38 randomly selected pathogenic strains revealed resistance rates to 21 commonly used antibiotics ranging from 7.89% to 100.00%. Resistance to penicillin and erythromycin was the most severe，with both reaching 100.00%. In contrast，the strains were relatively susceptible to ceftiofur and florfenicol，with resistance rates of 7.89% and 13.16%，respectively. A total of 18 strains were classified as multidrug-resistant，accounting for 47.37%. In conclusion，EPEC was the predominant pathogenic E. coli associated with clinical diarrhea in sheep from this farm，and the isolates exhibited widespread and strong antimicrobial resistance. The findings of this study provide a scientific basis for developing rational medication and disease control strategies for the farm and lay a foundation for the scientific diagnosis and targeted treatment of bacterial diarrhea in Hu sheep.

Key words: Hu sheep, enteropathogenic Escherichia coli, isolation and identification, antimicrobial resistance

中图分类号:

S852.61

费中华, 蒋晓莉, 吴飞, 陈怡洁, 叶十一, 李军星. 湖羊腹泻致病性大肠埃希菌的分离鉴定与耐药性分析[J]. 浙江农业科学, 2026, 67(2): 481-487.

FEI Zhonghua, JIANG Xiaoli, WU Fei, CHEN Yijie, YE Shiyi, LI Junxing. Isolation，identification，and drug resistance analysis of pathogenic Escherichia coli causing diarrhea in Hu sheep[J]. Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences, 2026, 67(2): 481-487.

图/表 8

图1 分离菌在血琼脂培养基和麦康凯琼脂培养基上的菌落形态a，血琼脂培养基；b，麦康凯琼脂培养基。

Fig. 1 Colony morphology of the isolated bacteria on blood agar and MacConkey agar medium

图2 分离菌的革兰染色镜检结果

Fig. 2 Gram-staining microscopy of the isolated bacteria

图3 east1基因阳性菌株的验证电泳图1～4，阳性临床菌株；5，阳性对照；6，阴性对照；M，DNA marker DL2000。

Fig. 3 Verification electrophoretogram of east1-positive strains

图4 stx1基因阳性菌株的验证电泳图1～5，阳性临床菌株；6，阳性对照；7，阴性对照；M，DNA marker DL2000。

Fig. 4 Verification electrophoretogram of stx1-positive strains

图5 eaeA基因阳性菌株的验证电泳图1～5，阳性临床菌株；6，阳性对照；7，阴性对照；M，DNA marker DL2000。

Fig. 5 Verification electrophoretogram of eaeA-positive strains

图6 不同毒力基因模式的菌株检出率

Fig. 6 Detection rate of bacterial strains with different virulence gene patterns

图7 38株大肠埃希菌的耐药谱

Fig. 7 Antibiotic resistance profile of the 38 E. coli strains

图8 菌株的耐药种类数分布

Fig. 8 Distribution of isolates by number of antibiotic classes resisted

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