浙江农业科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 67 ›› Issue (6): 1543-1550.DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250911

• 食品技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

机采叶红茶品质提升加工工艺优化研究

白培贤(), 师大亮, 敖存, 赵芸, 崔宏春()   

  1. 杭州市农业科学研究院,浙江 杭州 310024
  • 收稿日期:2025-12-11 出版日期:2026-06-11 发布日期:2026-06-12
  • 通讯作者: 崔宏春
  • 作者简介:崔宏春,E-mail:chc1134@126.com
    白培贤,主要从事茶叶研究与技术推广工作。E-mail:1528960885@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    浙江省农业重大技术协同推广计划(2024ZDXT05-10);浙江省农业农村厅区域试验站项目(2024QYCY01)

Process optimization for quality improvement of black tea from machine-harvested leaves

BAI Peixian(), SHI Daliang, AO Cun, ZHAO Yun, CUI Hongchun()   

  1. Hangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou 310024,Zhejiang
  • Received:2025-12-11 Online:2026-06-11 Published:2026-06-12
  • Contact: CUI Hongchun

摘要:

机采茶叶原料成熟度高、匀整度差,在加工优质红茶时面临挑战,进行工艺优化研究至关重要。本研究以机采鲜叶为原料,通过设置不同萎凋方式、揉捻时长、发酵条件、干燥方式及是否细切等工艺及参数,制备13个茶样,系统比较不同工艺对感官品质与关键生化成分含量的影响。结果表明,细切处理能提升感官评分、促进内含物溶出,摇青萎凋可改善香气品质,揉捻1.5 h综合品质最佳,30 ℃发酵3 h感官表现最优,炭焙干燥在各项指标上均优于热风干燥与电焙干燥。本研究建立了以摇青萎凋、揉捻1.5 h、细切处理与30 ℃发酵3 h为核心的优化工艺体系,综合品质与成本因素,应用中推荐以热风干燥进行连续化生产,可在较低成本下获得接近最优的综合品质。本研究为提升机采鲜叶红茶品质提供了可靠的技术依据。

关键词: 机采叶, 红茶, 品质提升, 工艺优化

Abstract:

The high maturity and poor uniformity of machine-harvested tea leaves pose considerable challenges to the production of high-quality black tea,making process optimization crucial. In this study,13 tea samples were prepared from machine-harvested fresh leaves by using different processing parameters,including withering method,rolling duration,fermentation conditions,drying method,and fine cutting treatment. The sensory quality and key biochemical components were systematically evaluated. The results show that fine cutting treatment improves sensory scores and promotes the dissolution of soluble components. Shaking withering improves aroma quality,rolling for 1.5 h gives the best comprehensive quality,and fermentation at 30 ℃ for 3 h produces the optimal sensory quality. Charcoal baking outperforms hot-air drying and electric drying in all evaluated indices. An optimized processing system centered on shaking withering,rolling for 1.5 h,fine cutting treatment,and fermentation at 30 ℃ for 3 h is established. Considering both quality and cost factors,hot-air drying is recommended for continuous production in practical application,as it can achieve near-optimal comprehensive quality at a lower cost. This study provides a reliable technical basis for improving the quality of black tea from machine-harvested leaves.

Key words: machine-harvested leaf, black tea, quality improvement, process optimization

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